Inscribed on Lin'an Residence
Song Dynasty: Lin Sheng
Outside the Qingshan Tower outside the mountain, when will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop?
Warm breeze When tourists get drunk, they call Hangzhou Bianzhou.
Rhyme Translation
The endless pavilions on the green hills are endless, when will the singing and dancing on the West Lake stop?
The warm fragrance blows the nobles intoxicated. , It is as if Hangzhou is regarded as Bianzhou.
Loose translation
There are green mountains in the distance and numerous buildings nearby. When will the singing and dancing of West Lake stop?
The fragrance of *** is intoxicating. The hedonistic nobles simply regarded the peaceful Hangzhou as the Bianjing of the past!
Notes
Lin'an: Now in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, after the Jin people captured Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty The ruler fled to the south and established his capital in Lin'an. Di (dǐ): hotel.
West Lake: a famous scenic spot in Hangzhou. When to rest: When to rest.
Xun (xūn): blow, used for warm and fragrant wind.
Straight: simply. Bianzhou: Bianjing, now Kaifeng City, Henan Province.
Appreciation
This is a poem written on the wall of a hotel in Lin'an City. It not only expresses sorrow and multiplies the emotion by describing the happy scene, but also in a profound aesthetic realm, Contains profound meaning. At the same time, the poet uses sarcastic language to reveal the reactionary nature of the "tourists" without missing a beat, thus showing the poet's anger.
In the first sentence of the poem "Beyond the mountains, there are green mountains and buildings outside the buildings." The poet captures the characteristics of Lin'an City - the overlapping green mountains and the rows of terraces. This first describes the great mountains and rivers of the motherland, the rolling green hills, and the pavilions one after another. What a beautiful nature this is. From the perspective of poetry creation, the poet describes the beauty of mountains and rivers, showing a happy scene. Then he wrote: "When will the singing and dancing in West Lake stop?" The poet was deeply moved by the reality of the country's situation. Such beautiful mountains and rivers are occupied by the Jin people. The word "break" in the poem not only hints at the poet's heartache for the real social situation, but more importantly, it shows that the poet blindly "breaks off" and makes peace with the people in power, does not want to regain the lost territory of the Central Plains, and only seeks to live in peace and contentment. The indignation of indulgence in sensuality and pleasure. In the poet's mind, "West Lake Songs and Dances" are exactly the kind of songs and dances that kill the morale of fighting against the Jin Dynasty. How much he hoped that this kind of singing and dancing would stop soon. Here, the poet uses rhetorical questions to not only strengthen his anger towards those in power who do not want to regain the lost ground, but also expresses the poet's sadness caused by his concern for the fate of the country.
The last two sentences "The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou." "Tourists" here cannot just be understood as ordinary tourists. It mainly refers to the ruling class of the Southern Song Dynasty who forgot about the national crisis, lived in peace and had fun. This sentence closely follows "When will the singing and dancing in West Lake stop?" Facing the non-stop singing and dancing, the poet couldn't help but express his emotion when he watched these "tourists" intoxicated. Among them, "warm wind" is a pun. In the poem, it refers to both the spring breeze in nature and the violent wind in society. In the poet's opinion, it is this "warm wind" that makes the "tourists" so intoxicated that they forget that their country is in danger. The words "Xun" and "Drunk" are used very delicately. First of all, the word "Xun" implies the hugeness and liveliness of those singing and dancing scenes, creating an atmosphere of overwhelming music for "tourists". Then the word "drunk" is followed by the word "Xun", which vividly depicts the mental state of those indulgent "tourists". The word "drunk" leaves a lot of room for aesthetic imagination - the ugly behavior of "tourists" in this beautiful "West Lake" environment. In this state, in order to further express the "drunken tourists", the poet wrote at the end: "Just call Hangzhou Bianzhou." The Song Dynasty originally established its capital in Bianliang, but it had been occupied by the Jin Dynasty. In other words, in their intoxication, these "tourists" simply regard Hangzhou as their old capital Bianzhou. Here, it makes sense for the poet to use "Hangzhou" instead of "West Lake". Because although "West Lake" is in Hangzhou, when it comes to "West Lake", a place of beautiful scenery is the best place for sightseeing, and it is only one of the attractions in Hangzhou. The poet's use of "Hangzhou" is a good comparison with "Bianzhou", the capital of the Song Dynasty ("Bianzhou" has been occupied by the Jin people). In the comparison, it not only brings out the special and politically significant name "Bianzhou", but also helps express the poet's emotions - exposing those "tourists" who ignore the country's future and destiny, indulge in dreams and dreams, and disregard the national economy and people's livelihood. The despicable behavior also expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation, and his anger at the rulers who only seek to live in peace and surrender to others.