Yanzi Tower
Yanzi Tower is a famous historic site in Xuzhou. During the Zhenyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, when Zhang (son of Zhang Jianfeng), an important minister of the imperial court and the military governor of Wuning, was guarding Xuzhou, he built a small building in his mansion for his concubine Guan Panpan. Because of its overhanging eaves and corners, it was shaped like a flying swallow. , and many swallows from the south come to live here every spring, hence the name.
For thousands of years, Yanzi Tower has been repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt, and its foundation has changed several times and gone through vicissitudes of life. In the second year of Zong Jingfu's reign in the Tang Dynasty (AD 893), Zhu Quanzhong attacked Xuzhou. Pu Tongpu (a native of Pengcheng and former military governor of Wu Ningjun) who was stationed in Xuzhou was defeated. He took his wife to the building and burned himself to death. The building was also burned down. Since then, the people of the state missed Guan Panpan as a person and continued to build and repair the Yanzi Tower many times. In the 21st year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1953 AD), the Yanzi Tower was rebuilt in the northwest corner of the city. In the ninth year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1833), Zeng Guangzhao, the prefect of Xuzhou, moved to the southwest corner of the city and rebuilt it on the city. It had two rooms upstairs and downstairs, with cornices and arched corners, and windows on all sides. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1819 AD), Xuzhou Dao Duanzhe moved to the northwest corner of the city. It was rebuilt in 1914. In 1928, the city wall was demolished and the building was destroyed. In 1932, it was rebuilt in the southwest corner. The building is a second-level building with 5 couplets and 7 households. There is a pavilion in front and a sill around it. It is inlaid with Bai Juyi's poem "Swallow Tower" and other engraved stones on 5 sides. During the Japanese puppet period, the building was demolished and rebuilt into bungalows, thus causing the eternally famous building to disappear again.
In 1985, the Xuzhou Municipal People's Government rebuilt the Yanzi Building on Zhichun Island in Yunlong Park. The building is a double-story building surrounded by upper and lower corridors. It is beautiful and elegant, simple and beautiful, and rich in traditional national style. The newly built Yanzi Tower is located on Zhichun Island, with floating oasis on the water, towering Qiong Towers on the island, and facing the water on all sides. It is similar to the beautiful scenery described in the poem "Swallow Tower" by Chen Jian, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, "The servant still lives in the building by the water". consistent. When you climb up the stairs, you can see the mountains near the water and the trees and flowers, which make you feel relaxed and happy.
Guan Panpan, a native of Pengcheng in the Tang Dynasty, lived around the Zhenyuan and Yuanhe years of the Tang Dynasty. She was a talented woman who was good at singing and dancing, proficient in orchestral music, and good at poetry and lyrics. This girl from a good family came from a humble background and lived a life of no security, so she joined the music family and used her voice to entertain people. Later, she was given a lot of money by Zhang, and after some special training, she became a famous prostitute for a while. She can dance the famous "Neon Dress Song" of the Tang Dynasty, with a light, soft and graceful dance. Her singing voice was mellow and clear, and the poet Zhang Zhongsu called it "Singing Dust". He said that when she sang, her tone was ups and downs, crisp and exciting, and her power could stop the flowing clouds in the sky and impact the dark dust on the carved beams. Guan Panpan is also an orchestral player with rich musical talent. He is very proficient in instruments such as "jade flute" and "qin se". When he plays and plucks, the tone is harmonious and beautiful. She often interacted with literati, learned poetry and songs from them, gradually became proficient in rhythm, and eventually became a female poet. She composed 300 poems, a collection called "Swallow Tower", but unfortunately it has not been handed down to the world.
Guan Panpan is pretty, outstanding in appearance, and loyal to love. Because Zhang Yin sympathized with her experience, cared about her life, cherished her skills, and respected her personality, Tongbian regarded Zhang Yin as a confidant and close friend, and married him. After Zhang Yin's death, she determined not to marry and spent the rest of her lonely and desolate life in Yanzi Tower. The reason why Yanzi Tower is so famous is not only related to Guan Panpan's lonely life experience when he finally fell in love, but also related to the fact that martial arts scholars of all ages used Yanzi Tower as the theme to recite poems, lyrics, and compositions. There are famous poems about the Swallow Tower in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the drama "Swallow Tower" in the Yuan Dynasty, the story of the Swallow Tower has been mentioned in novels such as "Warning Words" in the Ming Dynasty and "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" in the Qing Dynasty. Lin Daiyu in "A Dream of Red Mansions" There is a poem in "Catkins" that says "The fragrance remains in the swallow tower".
The first person to put Yanzilou and Guan Panpan into the test was a set of harmonious poems "Yanzilou" by Zhang Zhongsu and Bai Juyi, the famous envoys of the Tang Dynasty. `In the 20th year of Zhenyuan (804), Bai Juyi took office as the school secretary. In the spring, he traveled east from Chang'an to Xu and Si. He was warmly entertained by Zhang Yin, the military commander of the Wuning Army. During the banquet, Panpan showed his talent and appearance. It left a deep impression on Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi once gave her a poem to praise her
Allusions to Yanzilou
"The old minister Zhang of Xuzhou had a beloved prostitute called Panpan, who was good at singing and dancing, elegant and elegant, and I was the school secretary. At that time, when I was traveling in Sijian, Zhang Shangshu was having a good time with wine, and he was very happy. We've never heard of each other, it's only been a year since I met. Yesterday, Zhang Zhongsuhui, a member of the Imperial Academy, visited me and recited three new poems, including "Swallow Tower", which were very graceful. He was engaged in the Wuning Army (one of the local military districts in the Tang Dynasty, which governed Xuzhou.) He knew the whole story of Panpan over the years. He said: "After serving in Shangshu, he was buried in Dongluo, and there was Zhang's old residence in Pengcheng, and there was a small building in the middle." Named Swallow. Panpan missed her old love and lived in this building for more than ten years without getting married. It was quiet and lonely, and she is still there today. "Yu Ai's new poem depicts his old travels in Pengcheng, so he composed three quatrains with the same title.
Swallow Tower
The remaining lamp upstairs is accompanied by the dawn frost, and a man wakes up from his sleep alone. Acacia bed.
One night of love is so long that the world is far away.
——Zhang Zhongsu
The bed is full of bright moon and frost, and it is flickered by the cold lamp. Lying in bed.
On a frosty moonlit night in the Swallow Tower, autumn comes only for one person.
Sending sad smoke to the north, I feel quiet in the Swallow Tower. It has been ten years since the swords, shoes and songs were buried, and the red sleeves and incense have been sold out for ten years.
——Zhang Zhongsu
The color of the robe is like smoke, and it is wet with desire every time.
Since I stopped dancing "Neon Clothes Song", it has been stacked in an empty box for eleven years.
——Bai Juyi
As the swan geese returned to Luoyang, they saw the black geese coming to the club again.
The Yaoqin and jade flute have no emotions, and they just follow the cobwebs and become ashes.
——Zhang Zhongsu
A guest returned to Luoyang this spring and visited the tomb of Shangshu.
It is said that the white poplar can be used as a pillar, and the red pink can not be turned into ashes.
Yong Yule
Pengcheng stayed in Yanzi Tower overnight and dreamed about it, so he wrote this poem.
The bright moon is like frost, the wind is as good as water, and the scenery is infinite. Fish are jumping in Qugang, lotuses are pouring out dew, and there is no one to see the loneliness. G is like three drums, one leaf is sonorous, and the dark dreamy clouds are broken. The night is vast, and I am looking for nowhere again. I feel like I have been walking around the small garden. A tired traveler from the end of the world, returning to the mountains, looking past his hometown. The swallow building is empty, where is the beauty? The swallow is locked in the empty building. The past and present are like dreams, never dreamed, but there are old joys and new resentments. At the same time, Yu Hao sighed at the night view of Huanglou.