⑵ Kyushu: China was divided into Kyushu in ancient times: Jizhou, Yizhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Yuzhou, Jingzhou, Liangzhou and Yongzhou (see Shangshu Gong Yu). This refers to the vision.
(3) Stay away from the beast: a lonely beast that has lost its group.
(4) talk: talk about sitting. Uh-huh, right self-writing: self-comfort. Use, and. Write, erase. This poem is the seventeenth love poem, a poem of five words and ten sentences, which truly expresses the poet's lonely and depressed mood.
"A person sitting in an empty hall, who can be happy with him", the poet began to create a sad and lonely scene of a person sitting in an empty hall, lonely and no one can get close. In the sentence "When you go out to Lin Yong Road, you can't see any chariots and horses", the poet can't bear the loneliness in the room, and when you go out to Shenye Temple, you can't see any chariots and horses, which makes the poet's lonely mood more and more heavy. "Boarded Kyushu, carefree in the wilderness. Lonely birds fly to the northwest and leave the southeast of animals. "The poet climbed high and looked far, only lonely birds and stray animals. "The poet described a desolate and empty space in three to eight sentences, alluding to the political environment at that time.
The strongest impression it gives readers is that the author seems to be the only one in the world. At home, he is "sitting alone in an empty classroom"; He went out to have a look, but there were no horses and chariots on the long road; Looking at the country from afar, there are only endless land and haunted birds and animals. So, where did everyone go? Maybe the place where the author lives is too lonely to see people coming and going. Maybe it was already evening when he went out to watch it, and everyone went back to rest. But why are all the birds and animals he sees lonely "solitary birds" and "animals"? It can be seen that what he wrote here is not the actual situation, but his own mentality. In other words, there are two or more birds and animals passing through his sight, but he only pays attention to "lonely birds" and "animals". Therefore, the poem only reflects a scene where he is everywhere, which is actually just a feeling derived from his deep loneliness.
In this way, readers can further understand the true meaning of the sentence "Who can be happy with others". It is clear that he "sits alone in an empty class" because there are no like-minded people; It can also be said that it is because he is unwilling to wronged himself and is unwilling to associate with people he doesn't like. Therefore, the first two sentences of this poem present the image of a lonely person with pride. If combined with the forty-eighth poem, "Chanting about the bosom, singing the dove and playing the pavilion tree", readers will have a further understanding of this:
"Pigeons are playing in the trees, and Jiao Ming is swimming in the clouds. How can I see a lonely bird without a horse? " He laughed at birds that can only live in groups but can't understand-even solitary birds that have never seen flying at all; Infiltrated in these poems is also a sense of pride in loneliness. This "lone bird" without a horse is actually a portrayal of itself.
In this way, readers can understand that he feels that there are no manned chariots and horses on the road, and Kyushu has only wilderness, which is also based on his landing. He can't find the right person in the world, so he feels that there is no one in the world. The only things that can be compared with him are The Lone Bird and The Beast.
"I miss my relatives and friends at night, so I write my own words." As the night approaches, I feel more worried. I want to talk to my relatives and friends, but I can only talk to myself. The poet's lonely situation and lonely mood are all shown. The language of poetry is cold and cold, and seems to have no feelings. But through the description of the scenery, we can see the poet's lonely and helpless heart. The scenery written in the poem revolves around the theme of loneliness, and it is extremely touching to use scenery and things to set off feelings.
People are lonely. When a thoughtful person looks around and finds that no one can be in tune, he will realize Ruan Ji's loneliness. Standing on the top of the mind is the same as standing on the top of the mountain. On the one hand, it will produce a sense of pride overlooking all beings, on the other hand, it will inevitably produce a sense of "unattainable" loneliness, which is lofty and inexpensive.
Of course, loneliness needs soothing. A person can neither be completely isolated from the same kind nor be completely integrated with the same kind. An ordinary person should not only maintain harmonious interpersonal relationships in the group, but also maintain the independence of self-existence. But the independent existence of self actually means loneliness. Loneliness makes people feel powerless and helpless, which leads to insecurity: in order to regain a sense of security, people must return to the group and establish contact with others. The "relatives and friends" that lonely poets are looking for everywhere are such contacts. The meaning of relatives lies in loving and being loved, which makes people feel emotionally integrated with others: the meaning of friends lies in finding another similar self in the exchange of ideas; So as to dilute or dispel loneliness.
However, the comfort of loneliness is often desirable. Loneliness is the fate of human beings. Love and friendship cannot be eradicated, but they can be soothed. That's why lonely poets look around for "relatives and friends" to talk to. But even ordinary people, it is difficult to get along with "friends and relatives" day and night. For Ruan Ji, "relatives and friends" are not separated, but no longer exist. Ji Kang was killed in the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", and Xiang Embroidery, Dan Tao and Wang Rong entered the Sima regime as officials. How can Ruan Ji, who is attached to Sima on the surface but full of pain in his heart, not feel lonely?
However, in any case, people are always social creatures. Even such a proud lone ranger, he still wants to communicate his thoughts and feelings with his companions at a certain moment, such as dusk in the poem, so Ruan Ji also wrote a poem of "homesickness at sunset". But none of his relatives and friends understands him, and he never wants to belittle himself and associate with those who don't fit in. The word "write" in words means description. He just pictured talking to people in his mind, but didn't really talk to people. Yes, loneliness is painful; But it is more painful to associate with people with different interests. Lu Shiyong: The beginning is full of emotion, and the end is full of kindness. Therefore, it is natural for Ruan Gong's family to make such opening and closing remarks. (The Mirror of Ancient Poetry, Volume 7)
Wang Fuzhi: Naturally cynical, people must feel this way. There is nothing to judge. (Selected Ancient Poems, Volume IV)
Chen Ruoming: If Bai Shou is crazy, he cries in the middle of the song, but he needs to cross the Yellow River, so he is sad, so he can't speak for others. The listener does not observe and tries to enter the poem according to its rhythm. Who can measure his heart? (Selected Poems of Cai Jitang)
Wu Qi: I am not a disciple of Sri Lanka, but who cares? But sitting alone in the empty hall, there is no one; "Go out to Lin Yong Road", there is no one there; "Climb Kyushu", no one is there. I only see birds flying and animals listening. There is no place to write, which can be described as enjoyable. (Conclusion of Selected Poems of the Six Dynasties)
Wu Dashou: Ruan Sizong surprised the public with courtesy, but did not hide words with his mouth. He was called the most cautious by Sima Wenwang. Gaijin people are extremely rich. His seventeen poems "Yong Huai" are full of charm, all of which contain endless thoughts beyond pen and ink, and politics wins people's hearts with meaning. ("Poetry Raft")
Zhang: This song is different, which makes me feel attached to my old friends. The first six, a person sitting unhappy, wake up from the world, go out to climb. Writing in one breath is the best. In the last four films, I collected the birds and animals in the wilderness and briefly wrote about the scenery, and my pulse slowed down. And the more I wake up, the more nervous I feel. (Appreciation of Ancient Poetry)
Chen Ling: No one mourns the country. I look around. I'm hired. I can be poor! The lonely bird leaves the beast, and the scholar does not go to Shu in the west, but to my son in the south. Thinking about writing greetings to relatives and friends, is it the relationship between Sun Deng and his uncle? ("Poetry is better than stars" Volume II)