Today, I returned to the thatched cottage, and Chengdu was very comfortable.
When Chen Chu fell into chaos, it was a moment of repetition.
When the generals arrive at the imperial court, they are different.
Cut the white horse in the middle of the night, and the alliance is already thick.
Take Qiongnan soldiers in the west and break the corner of Jiange in the north.
Dozens of people in cloth also live in special cities.
Its potential is not the second largest, but it is only rare when it is heard.
Western soldiers turned against each other, and thieves and ministers punished each other.
I don't know about the elbow and armpit disasters, but I am a little owl.
Just men are bitter and angry, and Ji Gang is in chaos.
One country has three, ten thousand people want fish.
Singing, acting and playing Weaver. Who wants to tell the innocent?
There are weapons in front of us and blowing sheng behind us.
Laughing and killing people, blood spattering everywhere.
Up to now, the land has been used, and the wind and rain have heard the call.
Ghost Concubine and Ghost Horse are both sad and happy.
National laws and regulations in place, shocking enough.
Cheap son ran away and watched Wu Dong for three years.
It is difficult to swim in the five lakes because the curved arrows are dark.
I couldn't bear to give up this, so I came back to scrape hazelnuts and weeds.
The entrance is four pines, and the steps are ten thousand bamboo sparse.
The old dog likes my return and lingers in his clothes.
Neighbors like my return, and wine carries fenugreek.
The official was glad that I came, so he sent someone to give him a lift and asked him what he needed.
Guo Cheng likes me to visit the market in the village.
The world is still not peaceful, and athletes are better than corrupt scholars.
When the dust falls, where to buy old people.
What I saw at that time was warts, but the bone marrow fortunately did not wither.
You can't eat too much, but you can't eat too much. National Translation and Annotation Translation of Lyrics and Emotions
When I left the thatched cottage in the first year of Baoying, barbarians were flooding in Chengdu.
Now I'm back in the thatched cottage, when Chengdu is peaceful.
Let me state the initial resistance. Xu knows that this rebellion seems to be a blink of an eye.
Because the general was recalled by the imperial court, the gang took the opportunity to steal the rebellion in Chengdu.
The Qiang people in the south of Western Union Qiongzhou were taken in and broke the Jiange artery in the north to resist Julian Waghann in Chang 'an.
Dozens of people who followed Xu knew about the insurrection, although they had no official positions, all took the city as the king and took over.
However, Xu knew that his men were fighting for power and profit with the leaders of Qiang and Yi nationalities, and they did not give in to each other, and they were very fond of each other, which led to infighting after the rebellion.
As a result, Qiang people and foreign soldiers defected, and rebel leaders killed each other.
I didn't know that the trouble started under my arm, but Xu knew that he was killed by his own men.
At that time, the people who upheld justice were very disgusted with the rebellion because they destroyed the country's public security platform.
Xu knows that Li Zhonghou's generation is self-reliant, and the people have become the fish slaughtered by the leaders of various forces.
Who will defend the innocent victims of these competitive and bullying groups?
On the one hand, they harm the people, on the other hand, they enjoy it.
They killed people while laughing, and the long streets were spattered with the blood of innocent people.
In the place where they were executed, even in the storm, you can hear the wailing of ghosts.
The victim's wife and horse were possessed by thieves, and these widows and even horses had to entertain them with their inner sadness.
Where is the national law and discipline? Really not very sigh!
I had to travel between catalpa and Langchang, and wanted to leave Shu for Soochow for three years.
Because of the war there, it is very difficult to do it.
I can't bear to give up this flower room, come back to weed and miscellaneous trees, and rearrange the yard and medicine.
At first, I saw four small pine trees still there, and I walked through the sparse bamboo forest.
My dog, which I used to have, likes me to meet again after such a long separation. It's always warm and low around me.
Yanwu, the great official, was glad that I was reunited after such a long separation, so he sent someone to ride a horse to ask me what I needed.
The neighbors on the battlements are glad that I am back after a long separation. People who came to visit and greet me almost filled the whole village market.
In today's restless world, soldiers are better than pedantic scholars.
In this turbulent war era, where can I put an old man?
I really became a redundant person, but fortunately I survived.
Since I am useless to the world, I will be ashamed to drink and peck people for the rest of my life, so I am willing to live a poor life and dare not expect anything.
Creative background: In March of the second year of Guangde (764), he was appointed as my ambassador and Chengdu Yin, and Du Fu returned to Chengdu from Langzhou with his family. This poem was written in the spring of the second year of Guangde in Tang Daizong (764), after Du Fu returned to Chengdu Caotang from Langzhou. Appreciation From the formal point of view, Caotang traces the beginning and end of Xu Zhizhi's chaos in Shu and its serious consequences. It is an important supplement to the old history and a history of poetry. Many commentators also affirmed the value of this poem from this perspective. This is undoubtedly an extremely important aspect of Du Fu's poetry. In this respect, the thatched cottage truly and profoundly reflected the historical truth at that time. For example, accurately grasp Xu's understanding of the causes of chaos in Shu: "All righteous people are bitter and angry, and Hebei is just chaotic" and "the generals go to the court, and the small groups have their own plans"; A vivid description of the collusion and mutual fire between Korea and Fan: "The alliance is already in the middle of the night"; Don't forget the complexity of troubled times: "there are dozens of people in cloth, and there are also special cities"; As well as exposing the thief's plot of "taking Qiongnan soldiers in the west and breaking the corner of Jiange in the north", its breadth and depth are more valuable than describing Xu's understanding of the chaos in Sichuan.
In particular, "ghosts, concubines, ghosts and horses are full of worries", which not only profoundly reveals the profound disaster brought by the war to the people, but also shows the poet's incomparable pain and anger. When this great poet wrote here, he stood on the judgment seat, facing the inhuman devil and angrily denouncing their crimes. The word "two" vividly shows his firm position of facing the devil and giving him a painful criticism. The deceased had a concubine and a horse, and of course he was not idle. It seems a little suspicious to express sympathy for thieves who kill each other, or to express sympathy for ghosts who kill the rich. Actually, it's not. It is an artistic means commonly used in literature-deep writing. If you trample on ghost concubines and ghost horses like this, let alone the cruelty and cruelty of ordinary people. Du Fu's sympathy is always on the side of the innocent victims.
However, just seeing the achievements and values in this respect is not enough to achieve the ultimate of the thatched cottage. In addition to the above, the ideological significance and literary value of the thatched cottage is also the most important aspect, that is, Du Fu's sincere friendship is integrated into the brushwork of recalling the beginning and end of the Shu rebellion, hoping that he will face the cold reality of "Chengdu is safe" and "the world is not peaceful" and seriously think about why the group of "generals must go to court" is small and different; Learn from a painful experience, rectify discipline, strictly implement national laws and regulations, and don't repeat the mistake of "the general goes to court and the small group starts a new stove". Based on this idea, the poem Caotang artistically reproduces the chaos at that time.
In contrast, the poet's first four sentences highlight his feelings of going for "barbarians blocking Chengdu" and returning for "Chengdu is comfortable and safe". He hoped that Yanwu would pay attention to the country's chaos control, which is closely related to people's hearts, and never be satisfied with the "comfort and security" in front of him. This is advice to Yanwu and a correct assessment of the current situation. Commentators often regard it as the outline of an article from its relationship with the following, but in fact they only know one and don't know the other.
In order to make Yanwu clearly remember the painful lesson of "blocking Chengdu by foreigners", the poet went on to write: "It's time to ask Chen Chu to be chaotic. When the general goes to the court, the ministers will have different plans. " Please allow me (Du Fu) to be Chen in front of the general. This "general" is the general of Yan State appointed by Jiannan in our time. This fully shows that Caotang mainly expresses its feelings to Yanwu. Chen Qing's first point is that "repetition is an instant" and cannot be taken lightly; It was this poet who directly linked "small groups with different pictures" with Yanwu's court attendance. Of course, this shows that Yanwu plays an important role, which is related to national security. In the words of the poem mourning Yanwu in Eight Mourning Poems, it is "it is more important to go to the Snow Mountain for business than to go there for business". But understandably, there are still serious problems in Yanwu's governance of Shu, so that when he just stepped out of Chengdu, it brought trouble to people's hearts. In a word, "a small group has different pictures" can't completely blame Yanwu. This is the first question that Du Fu wants Yanwu to think seriously.
Yang Lun added the words "Write down the scenery of the grass" on the basis of "cutting the white horse in the middle of the night, the alliance is already rough". What needs to be added is that it is not just a matter of sloppy cooperation. At the beginning of their blood alliance, they had a fierce quarrel. The words "the gas is already strong" reveal this information. A thick tone means a big throat, and a big tone is the image language of quarreling. It vividly reflects that it is inevitable that rebel groups will continue to clash from the beginning, develop into divisions, kill each other and eventually perish.
The poem "Dozens of people in cloth also live in special cities" is also a big question worthy of Yanwu's deep thinking. Cloth generally refers to ordinary people. That is to say, in addition to Xu knowing this disorderly army, there are people who are desperate. Of course, their desperate situation is extremely complicated both in terms of organization and nature, but one thing is the same, that is, they are all driven to revolt. At that time, there was no choice but this road.
Yanwu was criticized in the Book of Old Tang Dynasty. One of them said, "He lived in Shu for many years before and after, and he was reckless." Furthermore, he said, "Nature is wild, and he always thinks about things." The third said, "There is no luxury and no reward. On the other hand, the levy has been exhausted. " Du Fu knows all this. Sometimes I try my best to be friends, and I feel the same way. However, due to his desire for love, Yanwu is "arrogant" and many words may be unacceptable, so he usually gets along with others and praises and encourages them. Xu Zhimo's rebellion and the civil unrest caused by it are related to the above shortcomings of Yanwu. Now that I am in Chengdu, I don't know if I will seriously sum up the bloody lesson that "once I go to court, small groups will make different plans", change course and plan ahead. Du Fu deeply realized that the problem had reached a very serious level from the trivial matter of "sending a horse to ask for directions". If he hadn't mentioned it, Yanwu's personal success or failure would be very small and the world would be very safe. Therefore, despite the grief and indignation, he came to a conclusion for Yanwu, indicating the attitude of "too much to drink and too little to eat". At the same time, through the memories of the initial confusion, he raised some questions worthy of Yanwu's modest thinking, all in order to urge Yanwu to save himself and make use of his own strengths to do things well in Sichuan.
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang. Du Fu
White left the living room. Love your husband and talent. The scenery in a foreign land remains the same. It's annoying to meet for a few days, and I don't know what year it will be. Cornus's son is more careful. -Su Songshi's "Huanxisha Chongjiu Old Rhyme" Huanxisha Chongjiu Old Rhyme
White left the living room. Love your husband and talent. The scenery in a foreign land remains the same.
It's annoying to meet for a few days, and I don't know what year it will be. Cornus's son is more careful. On the Double Ninth Festival, when I bid farewell to my friends, Han lyrically put forward the farewell of the year before last. Climb the weak willow, fold the cold plum and climb the high platform. A thousand miles of jade connects Chun Xue, whether the geese will come or not. The strong enemy is sad, and the moon is lingering. -Tang Wen "Ding Xifan Han's farewell the year before last" Ding Xifan Han's farewell the year before last.
Han bid farewell to the past year. Climb the weak willow, fold the cold plum and climb the high platform.
A thousand miles of jade connects Chun Xue, whether the geese will come or not. The strong enemy is sad, and the moon is lingering. Write about people, think about women, express feelings, leave the stars in the sky and the curtains hanging on the ground. Cold pillow with tears. Let's talk about Luo Yi again. What a night this is. The emerald lotus is small, and the golden lotus root leaves are thin. Old weather, old clothes Only when feelings are different from those in my hometown. -Song Li Qingzhao's Biography of Nan Gezi Tianxing and Biography of Nan Gezi Tianxing.
The milky way turns in the sky, and the curtain on earth hangs. Cold pillow with tears. Let's talk about Luo Yi again. What a night this is.
The emerald lotus is small, and the golden lotus root leaves are thin. Old weather, old clothes Only when feelings are different from those in my hometown. There are 300 Song Ci poems, and the selected Song Ci poems are lyrical.