This is a poem about borrowing things and thinking about people. Judging from the first sentence, "The empty mountain looks for osmanthus trees, and the incense is folded to think of old friends." "empty mountain" refers to the empty valley, and also expresses the poet's inner feelings. The emptiness paved the way for the following text to describe his search for osmanthus and missing his old friend. The second half of the sentence states that although the poet found osmanthus but could not see his friend, he could only feel empty and sad. The poet went all over the mountain to find osmanthus. In fact, he was looking for his friend. It’s just that time has changed, things have changed, and although the sweet-scented osmanthus is there, the friend is not there, so I can only recall the old times alone. "Old friends look back and frown across the autumn water." This sentence describes the scene of parting with an old friend. With the autumn water, I look back every time I take a step, so reluctant to leave. "The road to the south and north of the mountain carries flowers like clouds." At that time, the roads to the south and north of the mountain were full of flower trees. When they bloomed, they were as bright as clouds. But It is in this beautiful scenery that the poet bid farewell to his friends, and used the happy scenery to set off his sadness.
"The railings look at the oars, and the farm branches are waiting for you." The poet leaned on the railing and looked at the people coming and going in the distance. While sailing, I miss my friends and pick a few sweet-scented osmanthus flowers, looking forward to their return. "Singing and dancing in the shade of Xiling, the moon shines brightly every night." The cool and cold west wind blows away the sounds of singing and dancing, and the moon is so bright every night. The poet looks at the moon and misses his friend, thinking about his friend alone and lonely under the moonlight. This sentence describes the poet's deep longing for his old friend in his daily life after his departure. The next sentence "abandoned the jade pendant and fragrant fragrance." All turned into autumn dust." "頳" means red, here it refers to the red jade pendant. All the flowers have fallen and turned into soil in autumn. In this sentence, the poet laments that beautiful things are always so easy to disappear. , also used to express the sadness of the passing of the good times in the past. The songs of Chudi sounded even more sad in this cool autumn, and the news about the friends was no longer available, which also added to the poet's emotions. Feeling of sorrow and longing, the poet could only stand alone in the cold wind and recite poems, letting the cool wind blow his clothes, but what could not be blown away was the poet's endless longing for his friends, and the emotions caused by it. Sadness. So this poem is the poet expressing his deep longing for his friend by writing osmanthus.