There is an incomparable beauty who lives in seclusion in an empty valley. She said that she was a woman in the palace, and she was reduced to being a soldier. In the past, the Guanzhong area suffered from war, and all my brothers were killed by rebels. What's the use of being above? Your own bones cannot be buried. Secular human feelings hate decadent families, and everything is like a candle that turns with the wind. My husband, a frivolous child, abandoned me and married a beautiful new person. Acacia knows that flowers bloom at night, and mandarin ducks never pair up alone. The husband only sees the new couple laughing, where can he hear the old man crying? Spring water is clear in the mountains, but it is turbid when it comes out of the mountains. Let the maid sell jewelry for a living, and lead Luo Qing to repair the hut. I don't want to get stuck in my head when I pick flowers, but I like to pick cypress branches full of wrinkles. It was freezing, my sleeves were thin, and at dusk, I leaned against the slender bamboo alone.
Artistic conception:
This poem not only reflects the objective social problems, but also reflects the poet's subjective sustenance.
The tragic fate of the characters in the poem is in sharp contrast with the noble sentiments, which is both sympathetic and admirable. The poet used "Fu" to describe the tragic life of a beautiful woman, and used "Pen" to praise her noble character. The whole poem is meaningful, intriguing and touching, which strongly arouses readers' * * *.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
In June 758 (the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong), Du Fu was demoted from the left to join the army in Huazhou. In July of the following year, he resolutely gave up his official position, married and had children, and settled in Qin Zhou, picking acorns with a negative salary and earning his own living. Beauty was written this autumn. In the poem, Gone with the Wind was abandoned by her husband and lived in an empty valley with a hard life. The meaning of this poem has been controversial. Some people think it's all about sustenance, others think it's realistic, but most of them are in between.
Du Fu was imprisoned in an Anshi rebellion, fell into the hands of thieves, and did not forget the monarch and ministers. He tried his best to serve the Tang court, but he was demoted and abandoned, wandering around and being displaced. However, he never forgot his national worries when he was struggling over mountains and mountains and his livelihood was embarrassed. This injustice, this spiritual integrity, is deplorable, much like the heroine of this poem. So the author poured a lump on her chest with someone else's wine, conveying her own life experience. Du Fu's beauty should be regarded as a poem combining objective reflection with subjective sustenance.
Sentence solution
Who is cuter than her? However, she lives alone in an empty valley. She told me that she came from a good family and now she is humble to the dust.
There is a peerless beauty living in an empty valley. She said she was the daughter of an official family, but now she has been reduced to Shan Ye, where she lives on plants. The first two examples. The first sentence is beautiful appearance, and the second sentence is high quality. With the help of a quiet environment, it highlights the loneliness of a beautiful woman, points out the sadness of her fate and predicament, and implies the poet's lament that "neither of us is happy-until the end of the day". "peerless", the highest in contemporary times.
Guan Zhong lost yesterday, and her brothers and close relatives were killed. What's the use of them in high positions, they can't even protect their own lives? .
The above is the description of the third person, and the style is implicit; The following is a first-person dialogue, with a straightforward tone. An Shi Rebellion, Chang 'an fell, and his brother was killed. What's the use of a high official position? After they die, they can't even restrain their bones. "Guanzhong" refers to the area west of Hanguguan, here refers to Chang 'an. In June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), the Anshi Rebellion captured Chang 'an. "Official height" should be the "good family" mentioned above, emphasizing that beautiful women are born in famous families.
The world is dismissive of adversity, and hope will go out like the light of a candle. Her husband, with a wandering heart, is looking for a new face like jade.
The world always hates decline, and everything is as erratic as a candle in the wind. After my mother's house collapsed, my frivolous husband looked down on me and married a beautiful woman. These four sentences evoke feelings, depicting the world is cold and human feelings are warm and cold. Liu Chenweng in the Song Dynasty commented: "You can't feel anything without gossiping." "Turn the candle", swaying with the candle in the wind, is a metaphor for the rapid change of the world and the passage of time.
When the morning glory is rolled up at night, the mandarin ducks lie side by side. He can only see the smile of his new love, but he can't hear the cry of his old love.
Flowers at night also know that the night is open, and Yuanyang flies together. Ungrateful people can only see the happiness and laughter of new people, but how can they hear the sadness and crying of old people? The poet uses concrete metaphors to describe the ruthlessness of ungrateful people and the sadness and pain of abandoned people. In the words of pouring out personal misfortunes and lamenting the indifference of the world, there are sorrows and grievances. A "new", an "old", a "laugh" and a "cry" are in sharp contrast, and the abandoned wife is in tears, just like now. "faint", that is, acacia, one night, its flowers bloom at night, so the cloud "knows the time." "Yuanyang", the name of a bird, is a couple who live by the water.
The stream is pure at the source of the mountain, but its water turns dark far away from the mountain. Wait for her maid to come back after selling pearls, and then she needs straw to build the roof.
The spring water is clear when it is in the mountains, but it becomes turbid when it comes out. Alas, how should the world treat me abandoned? In order to buy rations, the maid sold me jewelry and came back. The cabin leaks rain. I dragged the vines with her and repaired the hut. These words seem sad, self-sworn, reserved and generous, clean and beautiful. At the same time, we can also see that the beautiful home environment is simple and quiet, and life is poor and embarrassed. Pu Qilong commented: "These two sentences can be described as the hearts of true scholars and the tongues of people. There is no such thing as Jian 'an. It comes from The Book of Songs Xiaoya Gu Feng Zhi April: "Like a clear spring, it is clear and turbid." . "But in this poem, there are many explanations, all with some truth. Or take the new couple and the old as clear turbidity, or the former China and the later China as clear turbidity, or abandon the home as clear turbidity, or keep chastity as clear turbidity. Some people think that beauty is comparing herself with spring water and her husband's home with mountains, which means that a woman is loved by her husband and the world thinks she is pure; Abandoned by her husband, the world thought she was turbid. Another explanation is that a beautiful woman complains about her husband. People in the lonely valley, like mountain springs, are indomitable. The beautiful husband came out of the mountain and swayed with the logistics, becoming a muddy spring under the mountain. And she would rather be hungry and cold than remarry and become the muddy spring. This is like Sun Chuo's Preface to Poems of Lanting in Three Days in Jin Dynasty: "The ancients talked about water as a metaphor! More than that, it is clear, and miscellaneous is turbid. Feelings migrate because of what you have learned, and things get excited when you touch them. "
She picked some flowers, not for her hair, but for letting pine needles fall from her fingers. She forgot the thin silk sleeves and the cold, and leaned against a tall bamboo.
I believe I picked a flower, but I don't mind inserting sideburns; I just often pick a handful of cypress branches. It's very cold and the sun has set. Wearing a thin green shirt, she leaned quietly against the slender bamboo.
The last two sentences end with the description of the scenery, drawing the loneliness and incomparable beauty, with intention outside the painting and affection outside the image. In the beauty of the body, the beauty of the soul is revealed. This kind of beauty is not only a kind of female beauty, but also an ideal beauty pursued by ancient literati. The poem implies that this perverse woman, like a cold-resistant cypress and a vigorous bamboo, has noble sentiments. The last two sentences of this poem are deeply appreciated by later generations. The beauty can't be described in one word. Only when the two attractive images of "Cuixiu" and "Xiuzhu" are combined with the environment in the mountains in the cold dusk can they vividly depict a beautiful and lonely woman's posture. "Move", often. Hey, take it. Hold it in your hands.
Comments and explanations
There are many excellent classical poems about abandoned wives. For example, Self-protection in the Book of Songs, Pulling Grass Up the Mountain by Han Yuefu, etc., while Changmen Fu describes the abandoned Queen Chen, in which the two sentences "What a beautiful woman, walking from self-entertainment" are the source of the poem title of Du Fu's Beauty.
Du Fu seldom wrote poems about objects, but Beauty became a famous poem about objects because of its high style. The clear spring in the mountain sees its purity, the maid sells pearls to see its poor livelihood, leads Luo to fill the house to see its ambition of seclusion, picks flowers without wearing them to see its simplicity and modesty, picks cypresses to see its chastity, and leans against bamboo to see its lofty loneliness at dusk. The poet described the misfortune of an upper-class woman who was abandoned in the war with a purely objective narrative method, and adopted the methods of narration, discussion and image metaphor to reveal her noble sentiment in adversity, thus making this character more full.
The whole poem is divided into three paragraphs, each with eight sentences. The first paragraph is about the unfortunate experience of a beautiful family. In the second paragraph, the beautiful woman poured out the great misfortune of abandoning her husband. In the third paragraph, praise the noble sentiment that a beautiful woman can lead an honest and clean life despite misfortune.
This five-character ancient poem, from the beginning all the way down, is "saying", only two sentences suddenly end with a painting. This is the genius of the author. He didn't use an ending to keep the reader's appetite, but deliberately used a suspense to keep the reader's appetite. Anyone who has read this poem, as soon as he closes his eyes, will see such a picture in his mind: a peerless beauty, but especially unfortunate, standing there in the autumn wind and dusk, wearing thin clothes and looking lonely, with his back against a bunch of bamboo, his eyes showing sadness.