This biography of Juan records the life of Lu Xun's original wife, Zhu An. The author visited Zhu's descendants and unveiled the mystery of Lu Xun's original wife with historical materials.
0 1 early family history
"She is thin, with a long and narrow face and prominent cheekbones; I tremble when I walk because of foot binding. " In Zhujiamen terrace, women are not allowed to enter private schools, and reading and writing are not encouraged. The only thing I know is a boudoir admonition in the Daughter's Classic. "
1878, a girl was born in a Zhu merchant in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and she was given an "An". She received a good education from an early age. Zhu An, who grew up in a good family under the old social constitution, was illiterate but gentle.
She was forced to bind her feet by her mother and servants when she was very young. At that time, Zhu An, who was crying in pain, thought about resisting, but he could do nothing.
In feudal society, even if you don't want to, fate made women in that era have to accept it.
02 arranged marriage
Before Lu Xun, the Zhujiajian family considered getting Zhu An engaged to the eldest grandson of a former official, but later he was imprisoned for taking bribes in the imperial examination hall, and the other family was in financial difficulties, so it went away.
Later, because Lu Xun's father died and Lu Xun was the eldest son, Lu Xun's mother Lu Rui began to worry about his marriage. Introduced by relatives, Lu Xun's mother took a fancy to Zhu An's obedient character and decided to marry Lu Xun.
Zhu An also chatted with Lu Xun's mother on weekdays. Relatives call her "An Gu", and Lu Xun is 3 years old.
Without their knowledge, both parents made a decision and arranged marriage. It may be hard for us to imagine that Lu Xun and Juan had never met before, but they were engaged because of their parents' orders. No one expected that this arranged marriage decided the fate of Zhu An's life.
Liu Ruijin, the author of the revolutionary historical documentary novel "Secret Traffic Station", said: "Zhu An has no complaints and the world is ignorant; Zhu An is affectionate, and there is hatred in the world; Zhu An knew that Lu Xun was heaven, but the world only regarded Zhu An as a thing! Is this the sorrow of Zhu An or the sorrow of the world? "
Lu Xun was dissatisfied with his mother's voluntary engagement, and Lu Xun got a scholarship to study in Japan at that time. Although they were engaged, they never got married. Lu Xun only stayed at home twice during his study in Japan and had little contact with Juan. Lu Xun cut the braid of a suit when he went home to visit relatives.
Before meeting Zhu An, Lu Xun was not without efforts for this marriage. According to the book, he once wrote to Zhujiajian, hoping that Zhu An wouldn't let her go to school to study and write. It's a pity that Zhujiajian Island is a conservative family and didn't adopt Lu Xun's opinion.
Until Zhu An was 28 years old, Lu Xun had been studying in Japan and didn't go home. Lu Xun's mother can only pretend to be ill and trick Lu Xun into going home. 1906, Lu Xun and Zhu An finally got married.
According to the article, Lu Xun did not resist at the wedding, but obediently put on a fake braid and married Zhu An. On their wedding night, Lu Xun left Zhu An alone.
03 married life
Zhu An is not only unattractive, but also illiterate. Therefore, she and Lu Xun have nothing in common, and the female personality in feudal society makes Lu Xun, who returned from studying abroad, uninterested. According to the book, Lu Xun left for Japan on the third day of his marriage, and the wedding lasted for three years.
Zhu An, a typical representative of women in the old days, has been in a passive position in this marriage.
Lu Xun's original wife, Lu Xun never regarded her as his wife, and their marriage was only nominal.
Mr. Lu Xun once said, "She is my mother's wife, not mine. This is a gift from my mother. I only have the obligation to support. Love is something I don't know. "
Every time Lu Xun went home to visit his mother, he slept in the study at night and never spent the night with Zhu An. Even so, in Lu Xun's absence, Zhu An always took care of Lu Xun's mother's life and never complained.
Marriage in the Republic of China always had similar tragedies. In this era when new ideas collide with the old society, more literati choose to resist the marriage arranged by their parents in the old days, which also causes a tragedy of old etiquette. Such as Guo Moruo and Zhang Qionghua, Xu Zhimo and Zhang Youyi.
Live alone.
Qiao Lihua, the author of Juanzhuan, said: "Zhu An's inferiority complex is twofold. In front of men, she used to bow her head; In front of the new woman, she once again found her own shortcomings and fell into a deeper inferiority complex. "
After returning from Japan, Lu Xun knew that medicine could not heal people's hearts, gave up medicine and began to publish articles in newspapers many times. Later, when I was teaching at Beijing Women's Normal University, I met Xu Guangping. In Xu Guangping's memoirs, he described the patch on Lu Xun's clothes like this: "What about the patch? It is a star in the dark, which is particularly dazzling to the human eye. " This shows how much this female student worships Teacher Lu Xun.
As we all know, they not only lived together, but also gave birth to their son Zhou Haiying.
We can't help asking: Why didn't Lu Xun divorce Zhu An and stay with his beloved Xu Guangping?
This should start with what divorce meant in those days. In those days, divorce meant being spurned by the world. In that era when women's status was extremely humble, Lu Xun didn't do that. He is worried about Zhu An, plus Zhu An has been trying to take care of his mother Lu Rui all his life, fearing that she has no financial resources, and he has a guilty conscience. So this silent marriage has been like this.
Politeness to sisters
Later, after Lu Xun's death, Zhu An was also very friendly to Xu Guangping, because Zhu An and Lu Xun had no children, so he took Zhou Haiying as his own child. She became the "adult" of this family. When she was young, she served Lu Rui, Lu Xun's mother, and continued to be sisters with Xu Guangping after Lu Xun's death. Such a woman is really distressing.
After Lu Xun's death, Zhu An no longer accepted the relief of his brother Zhou Zuoren, and he was very short of food and clothing every day. Later, when Xu Guangping went to prison, Zhu An had no financial resources and had to sell some Lu Xun's relics.
Before her death, she was interviewed by Xinmin Daily. When she mentioned Lu Xun, Zhu An said quietly:
"Zhou is not bad for me. There is no quarrel between us. Each has his own life. I should forgive him. "
She was a victim of arranged marriage in feudal society and kept her husband for Lu Xun for 4 1 year. Zhu An never let Lu Xun get emotional for her. She is the original wife that Lu Xun wants to marry, but she can't get Lu Xun's love all her life. She came into this world alone and left alone.