Chenggong Zhubaoli is a famous specialty fruit in Yunnan. In September 2005, "Chenggong Zhubaoli" was successfully registered in the Trademark Office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and it is one of the five major brands in Chenggong County. The fruit is round, generally weighing 200-330 grams, and the largest is 500 grams. Thin skin, yellow-green, white flesh, crisp and juicy, sweet and slightly fragrant, and no residue after eating.
Zhubaoli is the best among many pears in Yunnan and an excellent variety of pears in China. Deciduous pear tree of Rosaceae. Temperate fruit trees. Originated in Chenggong County, Yunnan Province, it is an economic cultivated variety of Oriental pear system. According to records, the history of cultivation was first seen in the Ming Dynasty. Suitable for warm and humid climate, with open trees. The fruit is nearly spherical, with yellow-green peel, sepals falling off, immature and edible, sweet and crisp, with a little more stone cells. 194 Chenggong cultivated land area of 4.5 hectares, output of 7000 tons. Jinning, Huize, Xuanwei and other counties and cities also have a small amount of cultivation. Zhubaoli has been planted for hundreds of years. It is said that when Dali was in China, a monk named Zhu Bao gave a lecture in Shanchuan City (now Kunming), and brought Sydney saplings from Dali, which were grafted with excellent pear varieties in Chenggong and became famous fruits. If you eat fruit, you won't forget to plant trees. This kind of pear is called "Zhubaoli" to commemorate the eminent monk. Because of its excellent quality, it was once used as a tribute to Kyoto, so the origin of Zhubaoli was named "Chenggong".
The average elevation of Chenggong New Area is 1900m, which is red soil or paddy soil. It is rainy in summer and dry in winter. The annual average precipitation is 800- 1200mm, the annual average temperature is 14.9- 15.3℃, the annual average sunshine hours are 2232 hours, and the frost-free period is 285 days. Zhubaoli likes warm and cool, and has strict requirements on water quality, soil, climate and environment, and the suitable planting area is narrow. In Chenggong County, it is mainly distributed in Yutang Mountain-Duanjiaying Songshan Mountain-Fenghuang Mountain-Liwangshan-Xiaojianshan-Xiaoguanshan-Taiban Mountain, Majianshan-Zhaojiashan-Mopanshan-Xiaoshitoushan-Wushan-Jianfeng Mountain-Maanshan-Liangwangshan. Two mountain ranges face Dianchi Lake, including Miaojiaying Village, Wanxichong Village, Langjiaying Village and Dragon Boat Festival Township. Wanxichong village and Miaojiaying village are the most cultivated, accounting for1/3 of the county's area and output; Ma Jinpu Township and Qidian Township are new cultivation areas, and the age of trees is mostly 10- 15.
From October to September, 2065438+0/KLOC-0, "Chenggong Zhubaoli", known as "the gentleman in the fruit and the king of pears in central Yunnan", passed the certification of geographical indication products of the Ministry of Agriculture.
Quality and technical requirements of Chenggong Zhubao pear
I. Diversity
Zhu Baoli.
Second, the site conditions
In the hilly gentle slope area at an altitude of 1950m to 2200m, the soil type is red soil, with organic matter content ≥2.0% and soil pH value of 5.5-6.5.
Third, cultivation management.
1. seedlings: grafted seedlings with Li Tang as the rootstock.
2. Colonization:
(1) Planting time:165438+1late October to 65438+1October of the following year.
(2) Planting density: 40 ~ 45 plants per 667 mu.
3. Sparse flowers and fruits: 1 fruit leaves 40 ~ 45, and the fruit amount per 667_ (mu) is ≤3000 kg.
4. Water and fertilizer management:
(1) soil management: plough 1 2 times throughout the year to keep the soil loose and eliminate weeds.
(2) Water management: water 1 ~ 2 times from germination to flowering and fruit expansion.
(3) Fertilization management: The pear trees were dug into annular ditches or strip ditches in June 5438+065438+ 10, and 50 kg to 100 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer was applied to each tree.
5. Environmental and safety requirements: The use of pesticides and fertilizers must comply with the relevant provisions of the state and must not pollute the environment.
Fourth, harvest and storage.
1. harvesting: in the middle and late September, when the peel turns green and the pulp turns white, manual harvesting will be started.
2. Storage: If it needs to be stored for more than 3 months, it must be stored at 2℃ to 5℃ and 70% to 80% relative humidity.
The quality characteristics of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
1. Sensory characteristics: the fruit is nearly round, the fruit stalk is short and thick, the peel is green, and the surface of the fruit is waxy after harvesting. The fruit point is obvious. Single fruit weighs 200-500g. The pulp is white, crisp, tender, juicy and residue-free, sweet and sour.
2. Physical and chemical indexes: fruit hardness is 4.0kg/cm2 ~ 7.5kg/cm2, soluble solid content ≥ 10.5%, total sugar ≥6.0%, and total amino acids ≥0. 19%.
3. Quality and technical requirements such as safety: Quality and technical requirements such as product safety must comply with relevant national regulations.
Pear is an excellent variety in China. Deciduous pear tree of Rosaceae. Temperate fruit trees. Originated in Chenggong County, Yunnan Province, it is an economic cultivated variety of Oriental pear system. According to records, the history of cultivation was first seen in the Ming Dynasty. Suitable for warm and humid climate, with open trees. The fruit is nearly spherical, with yellow-green peel, sepals falling off, immature and edible, sweet and crisp, with a little more stone cells. 194 Chenggong cultivated land area of 4.5 hectares, output of 7000 tons. Jinning, Huize, Xuanwei and other counties and cities also have a small amount of cultivation.
territorial scope
Chenggong Zhubaoli is produced in the hilly areas of Wujiaying and Ma Jinpu streets in Chenggong County, Yunnan Province, including Wanxichong, Qianwei, Duanjiaying, Langjiaying, Miaojiaying in Wujiaying Street and Hengchong, Zhuangzi, Qiumuqing, Xiaoying and Daying in Ma Jinpu Street 10 village. The geographical coordinates of the producing area of Chenggong Zhubaoli pear are: east longitude 102 48'- 102 53', north latitude 24 45'-24 52', north-south length about 1 1 km, east-west width about 5 km, and area about 50 square kilometers. The total planting area of Zhubaoli pear is 1 146.84 hectares, with an annual output of 86 13 tons.
Product quality characteristics
1. Appearance quality: The fruit of Chenggong Zhu Bao pear is round or oval, which has the inherent characteristics of Zhubao pear. The fruit stalk is intact, and the peel is green. When the fruit is harvested and stored, the surface wax is thin and shiny, and the fruit point is large and obvious. Single fruit weighs 200-500g. 2. Intrinsic quality: Chenggong Zhu Bao pear has moderate peel thickness, white pulp, crisp, tender, juicy and residue-free, sweet and sour, rich in nutrition, and has the effects of nourishing yin, clearing heat and moistening lung. Fruit hardness is 2.5-5.0kgf/ cm2, soluble solid content is ≥9.5%, total sugar is ≥5.5%, and it is rich in amino acids, vitamins, iron, calcium and other elements. 3. Safety requirements: Chenggong Zhubaoli meets the safety index of Safety Requirements for Agricultural Products and Fruits (GB 18406.2), and the pesticide residue standard of fruits meets the maximum pesticide residue limit standard of fruits in China. Enter the market in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products.