When a baby is born, it is necessary to set off firecrackers in front of the shrine to give good news to the ancestors. In the past, boys were preferred to girls, and "having children was called Nongzhang, and having children was called playing with tiles". I think that giving birth to a boy is a family blessing, and I am happy. It is considered that giving birth to a daughter is "giving birth to an empty man", which is a bad thing, worrying about getting married, and even drowning babies.
when a child is born, if an unexpected guest enters the house, it is called "every life". The visitor is the baby's michel platini or foster mother, but there is a saying that "when a man meets a boy, he will carry on for three years, and when he steps on the bloody ground, there will be disaster". In order to get rid of it, the host secretly put a red line on the guest's clothes to "pierce the disaster." When men meet girls, they think it is a good thing, and they should "meet for three years."
Neighbors' wives will come to ask for comfort and congratulations when they hear firecrackers, and give them eggs, brown sugar, shredded dried sword beans, dried beans, etc. to promote lactation. Because "Yuepo" is not suitable for eating green vegetables, they eat green vegetables "Mao Mao Laqing shit". After delivery, the placenta should be buried in a clay pot in a nearby mountain, which means that the parents' bloodline will never be separated from their hometown land. You can't turn back when you deliver the afterbirth, or you will pour the milk.
The baby's father will bring firecrackers and a chicken to his father-in-law's house to report the good news. When a boy is born, he will bring a rooster, and a girl will bring a hen. The Yue family will know that a boy and a girl will be born without asking. When the relatives and neighbors of Yue family heard the sound of firecrackers, they congratulated each other and sent eggs and other things. On the third day, the son-in-law took her father-in-law to "be a three-dynasty", which was called "the meeting of soup and cake" in ancient times. Grandparents brought the baby's crib, sitting column, etc. that had already been prepared. Generally, they also provided a pair of baby cotton-padded jackets, padded jackets, singlets, padded skirts, padded skirts, shoes, hats, etc. People lamented that "grandma is hard to do"! Some still stay to take care of the parturient, called "accompanying the moon". Husband-in-law's relatives or "invite grandma for tea" or "invite grandma for dinner".
On the third day of the morning, the elder women boiled mugwort leaves, maple balls, eggs and so on to bathe their babies, which is called "washing three dynasties". After washing, roll the baby with eggs to dispel wind and bless health. Put on new clothes for the baby, hold it by grandmother or other elders, cover the baby with a sieve, connect scissors and abacus on the sieve, and everyone will crowd around, or knock on a chicken stick (that is, a split bamboo stick for driving chickens), or hold a pestle and go to the shrine in the main hall to worship the ancestors, which is called "worship the three dynasties". After worshipping, you can swim around the halls and alleys, which is called "Three Dynasties Tour". It is said that it can prevent the harm of "umbilical wind".
relatives and friends on the third day gave congratulations wrapped in red paper and went to the soup cake party, which was called "playing three dynasties". The main family cooked eggs, painted them red, and gave them to everyone. It was called eating red eggs, and it was also called eating ass-rolling eggs.
There is a custom of sending numbers in the Northern Township of Liuyang in three dynasties. Neighborhood relatives and friends will write the baby boy's name, school and name in big regular script on red paper, with congratulations such as "Gong Wei so-and-so couple is happy with Wen Lang Zhiqing" or "Gong Wei so-and-so boss is happy with Wen Sun Zhiqing", and stick them on the walls at both ends of the main beam of the hall in the sound of firecrackers. Due to the different conditions of the house, people and so on, some people send several numbers at the same time. Before the Qing Dynasty, baby girls were not given names. After the Republic of China, there were also numbers for baby girls, but only one name was given, usually "boudoir".
there are also full moon wine, hundred-day wine and one-year-old wine. There is a custom in Changsha county that carp kisses babies and feeds them soup, which is called "ending a meatless diet" or means "carp jumping over the dragon gate". When relatives and friends go to dinner, they are given gold and silver bracelets, collars, "longevity locks" and other things. At the age of one, some put stationery, needle and thread, lipstick, calligraphy and painting on the plate for babies to grasp to test their interests, which is called "grasping the week". In the future, every birthday is called "long tail", and parents always want to poach eggs. As the saying goes, "an adult has a meal on his birthday, and an egg on his birthday". 1-year-olds and 2-year-olds are called "total students" and "whole students". Relatives and friends send more cloth, shoes and socks as gifts, and parents usually invite several tables. Birthdays are usually called scattered birthdays. In addition to my aunt and uncle, menstruation's visit, women in the neighborhood should send eggs, noodles and other greetings as soon as possible, and the host should wait for "dry tea", so it is also called "tea".
As the old saying goes, when you are 4 years old, you will be old, when you are 8 years old, you will be old, and when you are 6 years old, you can see that the minimum age for the ancients to call life is 6 years old. There will be people who will be 5 years old in the future. Changsha people say that "men are full of women", that is, men are nominal years old and women are real years old. Being 6 years old is considered as reopening the flower, which is particularly grand, and it is called Shouxinggong and Shouxingpo. Some set up birthday tables, Chen Shoutao, lit candles, and some relatives and friends sent birthday tablets and screens. The birthday girl sits on the birthday platform and obeys her children and grandchildren. At this time, the longer the firecrackers are set off, the better. When having a banquet, you should eat noodles with longevity. Noodles are slender and symbolize longevity, so people in Changsha call birthday rice noodles.
Some people celebrate their birthdays before the age of 5, but there is a saying that men don't do three things and women don't do four things, that is, men don't celebrate their birthdays when they reach the age of 29 and women don't celebrate their birthdays when they reach the age of 4. Some people go out to avoid guests on their birthdays, which is called hiding from life. Some people follow the old adage that "mother is in the hall, but she doesn't celebrate her birthday". Even if she is 6 or 7 years old, as long as Gao Tang is alive, she doesn't celebrate her birthday. Her birthday is regarded as a difficult day for her mother, and she only adds vegetables to her mother to thank her for her childbirth and the kindness of raising her.
2. Liuyang Festival Customs
The towering Dawei Mountain is a symbol of Liuyang, and the people of Liuyang are known for their hard work, courage, perseverance and simplicity. In this ancient and magical land, there are eleven nationalities, including Han, Mongolia, Hui, Tibetan, Miao, Zhuang, North Korea, Man, Dong Yao and Tujia (many of whom are immigrants from other provinces), which constitute a colorful local customs.
There is a habit of celebrating the New Year. The first day of the first lunar month is the first year, which is called the New Year, also known as the Spring Festival. In the past, when the rooster crowed for the first time, the male host got up to open the door and set off firecrackers, which was called "opening the door". Generally, you only eat the leftovers from 3 nights for breakfast, which means "there is something ready to eat". And vegetables and taro can not be less, to show that the new year will be "clean and clean, and everything will be fine." On this day, men, women and children wear new clothes, which is called changing the old for the new. Elders give "lucky money" to the younger generation and children, and some give "lucky money" to the elderly who are over 6 years old, but they usually give it before New Year's Eve.
From the first day together, people meet and say "Please pay New Year greetings" to each other. New friends and friends should make a special trip to visit "New Year" and call: "Congratulations!" Or ask "Happy New Year". In the past, there were sayings that the first child, the second child, and the third child visited the place on the fourth day. In feudal times, children had to go down to pay homage to their parents and the youngest to the elderly. Now it's simpler than in the past. Except for the elderly, most people just congratulate each other.
during the spring festival, please welcome the habit of "spring rice". Generally, after the fifth day, friends and relatives are invited to have a meal together, which is called "spring meal". The main thing is to get together, * * * talk about family, sum up the old year, plan the coming year and thank each other. "Spring rice" is very particular about cooking ten bowls of dishes. In the past, when eating "Spring rice", there were fish on the table but you couldn't eat it, which meant that there were fish (surplus) left over every year. Because fish don't eat, there are fish carved with wood instead, which is very funny.
From the fifth day of the first month to the fifteenth day of the Lantern Festival, during the lion dance, lion dance and lantern dance, a person in front of the team holds a red sticker with the words "Congratulations on the New Year" and "Congratulations on the New Year" printed on it, which is called a New Year's greeting sticker. After posting, the lion and the dragon will go into the house to pay New Year greetings. When the owner sees the lion and the dragon coming, he will set off firecrackers to greet them. When they leave, they will send them to each other. After the lion and the dragon leave, one person will receive a red envelope, which is called "rewarding the seal".
The 15th day of the first month is the Lantern Festival (also called Shangyuan Festival). After the fourth and fifth day of the first month, the "Lantern Festival" began to be supplied in the market, which symbolizes unity and good luck. On this night, every household should turn on their lights, and some of them are still hanging in cages at the door. There is a proverb called "the fire at 3 nights, the lights at the Lantern Festival".
beginning of spring, "Send Spring Cattle", every household in urban and rural areas solemnly sets off firecrackers to celebrate the arrival of "Spring". Sometimes, folk artists turn into old farmers, carrying wooden pears and holding calves, and make a series of visits to plow fields, which is called "Send Spring Cattle", and householders have to set off firecrackers to greet them.
on the third day of the third lunar month, there is a custom of cooking eggs with local dishes as holiday food, which is said to be "eyesight-improving".
Tomb-Sweeping Day sweeps the curtain. Before Qingming Festival, when they arrive in Tomb-Sweeping Day, most people will take some paper incense sticks and burn them in front of their ancestors' graves, and bring three sacrifices to pay homage. They will set off firecrackers, shovel a piece of turf on the top of the grave, and insert three mountain-hanging signs to show their commemoration and sacrifice.
dragon boat festival. The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanyang Festival. From the beginning of May to the fifth day, every household begins to plant Artemisia argyi and hang calamus. In order to stop the plague and suppress evil spirits, there are also customs of drinking realgar wine and tying palm seeds. On this day, we will eat steamed stuffed buns, salted eggs and row dragon boats. According to legend, it is to commemorate the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan.
The fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month is called the Mid-Autumn Festival. Most elderly people have to wrap some money paper for their dead relatives and burn it to them, which is called burning bags, that is, burning bags to register names.
Mid-Autumn Festival is also a very important custom festival. On the evening of August 15th of the lunar calendar, we eat moon cakes and enjoy the moon. There used to be a game of playing Mid-Autumn Bodhisattva. With the improvement of living standards, urban residents pay more and more attention to enjoying the moon. In addition to moon cakes, they also prepare all kinds of fruits, high-grade candy, tobacco and alcohol, and so on. The whole family reunites and sits opposite the moon, letting go of music records to add fun, and * * * enjoys family happiness.
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the Double Ninth Festival. There is a custom of climbing on this day, which is called "climbing on the ninth grade".
off-year, which is called off-year on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, is called "off-year" by children, saying it is for children to celebrate the New Year. Actually, I've been busy preparing for the Chinese New Year since this day.
3. Liuyang Chinese New Year Customs
The first day of the first lunar month is the Spring Festival, commonly known as the Chinese New Year. It takes more than half a month for villagers to celebrate the New Year, that is, from the 24th of the twelfth lunar month to the Lantern Festival on the 15th of the first month of the following year. This custom has lasted for thousands of years, and it is basically the same as that recorded in the Records of Jingchu Years in the Southern Dynasties.
The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as "celebrating the New Year", is called "Children celebrate the New Year" when the family has a rest and dinner. According to legend, the kitchen god, who is "the eyes and ears of heaven, the master of fireworks on earth", is going back to heaven to report his work, and he is called the resignation stove. In order to make him "say good things in heaven and bring good luck in the earth" and "don't talk about broken words, but play the jade emperor with good words", people will do a general cleaning the day before, which is called "sweeping the dust" On the 23rd or 24th night, housewives lit candles around the cooking stoves to offer sacrifices to them, so as to "see them off". The folk song says, "When the new year comes, my sister needs flowers, my son needs guns, and then I need new clothes, and my father needs new hats.". Since that day, long-term workers have left work, and craftsmen no longer come to their homes. Every family is busy preparing new year's goods, making tofu, killing pigs, sending new year's festivals, preparing snacks, frying dry tea, writing Spring Festival couplets and tying lanterns.
The end of the year is called New Year's Eve, or New Year's Eve. Families cut ribbons and put up Spring Festival couplets, and the whole family get together to have drinks, and the dishes are left over, which is called having a reunion dinner. After dinner, there are usually snacks such as red dates and boiled eggs. When the lanterns are lit, incense is burned and firecrackers are fired, worshipping the ancestors' home gods, calling the Year of Resignation, and offering sacrifices to the Kitchen God. The children went to the neighbors in turn with lanterns in groups, and said, "Please resign.". Each family stood up to welcome them, held out snacks and dry tea, and filled the children's pockets. Some children went home and unloaded their pockets, and then quickly joined the resignation team. They could get one or two porcelain jars of food in one night, and they were so happy that they couldn't keep their mouths shut. Therefore, there is a saying: "Children look forward to the New Year."
On New Year's Eve, a maple tree (or pine tree, chestnut tree, etc.) was burning in every stove in the countryside, and it was called "Nian Cai Lao". Men and women, old and young, around the stove, elders give children lucky money, and the whole family eats stewed radish with pig's feet and waits for it, which is called "shou sui". The so-called "rich without money, radish for the New Year".
On New Year's Eve, while all the people are happy, there are also many poor people who are afraid to go home, so-called happy families are worried. It is the deadline for creditors to collect debts and craftsmen to collect wages. The lanterns and torches of the debtors in the streets and country roads are constantly flowing, and some people can't pay their bills. The copper pot clothes may be taken away, so they have to go out to hide their accounts. Others wrote "Hengmen Yanqing" in red paper and posted it on the door after the year of resignation. The door was closed, and no one was allowed to go in or out, which was called "the financial door". When asked about the debtors' helplessness, the busybodies wrote a doggerel: "The poor family hid their wealth early, although the creditors were in trouble. If you are annoyed with the merchants, you will be shut out if you have no money. "
On the first day of the first month, it was called New Year's Day and Yuan Day in ancient times. Since ancient times, "firecrackers make Yuan Day, and people indulge themselves". After the Revolution of 1911, January 1st of Gregorian calendar was called New Year's Day, and New Year's Day in the summer calendar was changed to Spring Festival.
On the first day of New Year's Day, every family gets up at the crow's hour. Men, women and children put on new clothes, and the male owner with the highest seniority lights incense and sets off firecrackers, which is called "going out of the sky" or making money. Then people in the hall worship their ancestors by candlelight, and then worship the gods of heaven and earth to the outside world. When choosing auspicious days, they bow to Kyrgyzstan three times, or to the four sides, praying for the benefit of all parties in the New Year. Then the children and grandchildren pay New Year greetings to their elders in turn, and take the first load of water by the well first, and light incense sticks to join the gods. The countryside still worships ancestral graves in the morning. Eating leftovers for breakfast is called eating food every other year, which means more than enough food and clothing. Vegetarian dishes, such as vegetables, taro, tofu, etc., mean that people are clean and auspicious, and everything comes to an end, and they are innocent. After dinner, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the family elders. In the Qing dynasty, New Year's greetings were paid in a bow ceremony, and the first day of the year generally did not go out to pay New Year's greetings. After the Republic of China, it changed from bowing to bowing, and after the New Year's greetings in the family, the neighbors worshipped each other and the atmosphere was warm. But if people haven't got up yet, don't pay New Year's greetings before going to bed. When someone came into the house to pay a New Year call, the host stood up and handed in his hand: "Please pay tribute to the New Year" and warmly entertained him with dry tea.
most people in the city travel at dawn and visit relatives and friends. Before the Qing Dynasty, those who donated money with a false title, all dressed in hats, swaggered and strutted around to pay New Year's greetings. Businessmen love to reject the hammer, and when they go in and out, they all "offer fragrant tea, and the fruit plates are opened, and betel nut ingots are both coming", and they chew nonstop in the middle of the day. Businessmen who have a wide circle of friends, if they don't go personally, make the younger generation or servants hold a famous post to congratulate them, which is called "post-worship", that is, the origin of new year card in later generations.
On the first day of New Year's Day, people pay attention to and have many taboos. On New Year's Eve, some people stick red paper "Wealth" on the joint of the gate, and stick auspicious words such as "Open the door" and "Make money for me" on the eye. When opening the door, they recite it loudly, calling it opening the door to see happiness and wealth. When it is sunny, watch the wind and the sky, and predict the harvest in the coming year. It is believed that "the north (wind) is the main abundant, and the south is the main sorry"; It's cloudy and sunny, dark and rainy. Heap a lot of firewood in the terrace and Chai Wan, which is harmonious and rich. Holding firewood into the door on New Year's Day means "getting rich". On the first day of the lunar new year, when it is necessary to sweep, the broom sweeps Chai Wan instead of going out. Some scholars write auspicious words such as "a long life" and "a bumper harvest of grains", which are called "New Year's writing, good luck". On the first day of the lunar new year, I especially avoid vulgar and indecent words, so I will be scolded for this day and will be scolded for a year. Adults always tell their children in advance: speak well in the first day! In case the child slips up, the adults will immediately explain: "Children's words, all is forgiven". If you accidentally break something, say "send it away"; If the glass falls down, say "the wine spilled red."
On the second day of the lunar new year, the son-in-law went to Yue's home to pay a New Year call. As the saying goes, "On the first day of the lunar new year, Erlang will visit the neighborhood on the fourth day of the third day". There is also the habit of inviting spring guests in the four townships: it is agreed that several generations of uncles, nephews and other relatives and friends will get together for a drink on a certain day. After the eighth day, acquaintances met and said to each other, "Please pay a late year!" On the 15th, New Year greetings are generally not mentioned.
the 15th day of the first month, known as Shangyuan Festival in ancient times, is also known as Lantern Festival. As the old saying goes, "The fire of thirty nights is the light of midnight snack". Lantern viewing was popular in the Tang Dynasty and even more popular in the Song Dynasty. Wen Tianyang once described the grand occasion of decorating lanterns in Shangyuan, Hengzhou: "A city full of ladies and gentlemen", "The audience is blocked", "You are tired of your shoulders" and "You can't tell the difference between words at a distance". Before the Republic of China, many kinds of lanterns were pasted with paper, or hung in the house, or listed in the streets. On this day, every family lights candles in the corner of the stove, cooks Yuanxiao, and urchins play with lanterns. In addition to lighting candles in the dark corner of the chicken in the pigpen dog kennel, the farmer is still there.