Baidicheng is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River at the mouth of Qutang Gorge, Fengjie County, Chongqing. The boat passed Fengjie and went downstream, looking at the mouth of Qutang Gorge. On the towering hills on the north bank of the Yangtze River, there were towering pavilions with flying eaves, hidden among lush green trees. This is Baidi City, a famous tourist attraction in the Three Gorges.
Baidi City is adjacent to Kuimen in the east, Eight Formations in the west, and surrounded by water on three sides. It occupies an important position on land and water, and has been a battleground for military strategists of all ages. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Gongsun Shu took control of Shu and built a city on the mountain. Because a well in the city often emitted white gas, like a white dragon, he named himself Baidi and named the city Baidi City. After Gongsun Shu's death, the local people built a temple and a statue of Gongsun Shu on the mountain, which was called Baidi Temple. Because Gongsun Shu was unorthodox and arrogant, in the seventh year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1512), the governor of Sichuan destroyed the statue of Gongsun Shu and worshiped the statues of the River God, the Earth God and Ma Yuan, and renamed it "San Gong Temple". In the 20th year of Jiajing's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1533), statues of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang were enshrined, which was named "Justice Temple". Later, statues of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were added, gradually forming a pattern in which there is no White Emperor in the White Emperor Temple, but Shu Han figures are worshipped. .
Baidi City, formerly known as Ziyang City, was built by Gongsun who separatized Shu in the late Western Han Dynasty and stationed troops here to accumulate grain. Gongsun Shu had the heart of an emperor, so he asked his cronies to create public opinion first. Soon an "important news" spread outside the city. It was said that from the White Crane Well in the city, there had been a burst of white gas coming out, like a white dragon flying into the sky. This was a "white dragon offering auspiciousness", which foreshadowed that there would be great dangers in this land. There is a new emperor. Public opinion was enough, and Gongsun Shubian officially proclaimed himself emperor in 25 AD, calling himself "Bai Emperor". He also changed the name of Ziyang City to "Bai Emperor City" and the mountain where the city is located to "Bai Emperor Mountain". In AD 37, Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, sent troops to attack Shu. Gongsun Shu was defeated and died in the battle. Shu people built a temple on Baidi Mountain to commemorate the "White Emperor" and enshrine the "White Emperor Statue". This is the current Baidi Temple, and the reason why Baidi Temple became famous later was because of its relationship with the heroes of the Three Kingdoms. In August 222 AD, Liu Bei was defeated by Soochow in the Battle of Yiling and retreated outside Kuimen. From then on, Liu Bei couldn't afford to fall ill, so he took care of Zhuge Liang in Yong'an Palace in Yong'an City near Baidi City (now Kuizhou City in Fengjie County, Chongqing). Before the Tang Dynasty, the Xianzhu Temple to worship Liu Bei and the Zhuge Temple to worship Zhuge Liang were built at the Baidi Temple. In the Ming Dynasty, the statue of Gongsun Shu was destroyed and replaced in the temple with gilded statues of Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. From then on, "there is no Baidi in Baidi City, and Baidi Temple worships Emperor Liu Xian."
On May 25, 2006, Baidi City, as an ancient building from the Ming to Qing Dynasties, was approved by the State Council to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.