Crows fell on the moon, crowed coldly, slept on maple trees, and slept in fishing lanes by the river.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
Translation and annotation
In the lonely and quiet Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the bell in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
(1) Hanshan Temple: Located near Qiao Feng, also known as Qiao Feng Temple, it was built in the Southern Dynasties. According to legend, it was named after Hanshan, a monk who lived here in the Tang Dynasty. In Xifengqiao Town, Suzhou today. Another way of saying it, "Cold Mountain" refers to Cold Mountain, not the name of the temple. The temple has been rebuilt several times and is now newly built after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Midnight bell: At that time, there was the habit of ringing the bell in the middle of the night, which was also called "impermanent clock" or "minute". Ouyang Xiu, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, once questioned: "Poets are so greedy for good sentences that it doesn't make sense. This is a problem in writing articles, such as Zhang Ji's poem "The Midnight Bell Knocks on a Passenger Ship". Although the sentence is good, is it reasonable to ring the bell at midnight? " However, after many people's field visits, I learned that Buddhist temples in Suzhou and surrounding areas have the custom of knocking at midnight.
explain
A night-mooring near maple bridge is a poem written by Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, when he passed through Hanshan Temple after the Anshi Rebellion. In this poem, the poet accurately and delicately tells the observation and feelings of a passenger liner who sleeps at night on the night scene in late autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, and outlines the scenes of the moon setting, frosty night, fishing in the river, solitary boat passengers and so on. In addition, this poem also fully shows the author's yearning for travel, his worries about his home country, and his worries about being in troubled times and having no home. This is a masterpiece. After this poem was published, Hanshan Temple became famous all over the world and became a tourist attraction.
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In the first seven sentences, the word "worry" is the main word, and in the first two sentences, "Frosty night, river wind, fishing and fire, worrying about sleep" have dense images, creating an ethereal and broad-minded artistic conception. The moon sets in the west, and the birds in the trees make several calls. Autumn frost attacked the poet's boat at night like cold air coming from all directions. "River wind" is opposite to "fishing fire". One is quiet and one is moving, one is dark and one is bright, and the other is on the river. The scenery combination is quite intentional. "Sad Sleep" refers to the traveler lying on the boat with his travel worries, showing that when Jiang Feng was fishing on a frosty night, the lonely traveler faced the lingering homesickness. For more ancient poems and famous sentences describing homesickness, please pay attention to.
"Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, going to the passenger ship at midnight", wandering in the middle of the night, lying on the passenger ship, in the situation of "fishing and sleeping on a frosty night", the artistic conception is bleak, and with a long sound, the homesickness becomes more and more unbearable. Starting with hearing, these two sentences set off the silence of the night with "midnight bell", revealed the depth of the night and set off the author's lonely heart. The Hanshan Temple near Qiao Feng, also known as Qiao Feng Temple, was built in the Southern Liang Dynasty. This ancient temple is the poetic beauty of Maple Bridge, adding color to history. Therefore, the "midnight bell" of Hanshan Temple seems to echo the voice of history, permeating religious feelings and giving people a sense of simplicity and solemnity.