The author is Su Shi.
Shui Diao Ge Tou
Su Shi
When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky? I want to ride the wind back, but I am afraid that the beautiful buildings and jade buildings will be too cold at high places. Dance and clear the shadow, how can it be like being in the human world? Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, look down at the Qihu, and the light will make you sleepless. There should be no hatred, why should we be reunited when we say goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live forever and travel thousands of miles like a cicada.
[Poetry translation, poetic meaning]
On the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Bingchen year, I drank happily (until) the (next) morning, (drunk) drunk, and wrote This poem (poem) also misses (younger brother) Ziyou.
When did the bright moon appear? (I) held the wine glass and asked the sky. I don’t know what era it is now in the palace of gods in the sky. (Legend has it that only a few days have passed in the fairy world, but thousands of years have passed underground, hence the question.) I want to ride the wind back to the sky (as if I originally came down from the sky to the human world, so I say "go back") ), I am afraid that the beautiful moon palace made of jade cannot withstand the cold in the high altitude (legend has it that the palace in the middle of the moon is called Guanghan Palace). In my imagination, I dance to the moon, and the clear shadow follows people, as if I am riding on the clouds and riding the wind. I am in the sky, but it doesn't look like I am on earth!
The moon turns and shines all over the gorgeous pavilions. Late at night, the moonlight penetrates low into the carved doors and windows, illuminating the people who are worried and unable to sleep. Since the moon is full, there should be no hatred, but why do we often take advantage of people's separation to reunite? People's experiences include sorrow, joy, parting, and reunion; the moon also encounters shadow, eyes, roundness, and lack; this situation has been like this since ancient times, and it is rare to be perfect. I only hope that we can all be healthy and live long, and that although we are thousands of miles away, we can enjoy this beautiful moonlight together.
[Appreciation]
This poem is the representative work of Su Shi in his heyday. famous articles.
In the ninth year of Xining (1076), Su Shi had known Mizhou for two years. At that time, Su Che was the secretary of the shogunate in Qizhou (today's Jinan), and he had not seen his brother for six or seven years. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, Su Shi and his guests went to Chaoran Terrace to drink and admire the moon (see the quotation from "Two Poems by Kong Zhouhan from Helu", Volume 14 of "Su Shi's Collected Poems"). They drank all night long and were very happy. Looking at the moon and thinking about relatives, composing lyrics and singing songs vividly express the relaxed temperament and profound thinking of life of this "Po Immortal".
The first part of the poem describes the situation of "drinking and getting drunk", and the second part describes the melancholy of missing relatives during the festival. The whole poem is full of strange imagination and elegant romantic atmosphere. Captivating and refreshing. The artistic conception of the words is obviously influenced by Li Bai's poems, but there are some new developments. The two sentences "When will the bright moon come" are derived from Li Bai's "Asking the Moon with Wine" "When will the moon come in the blue sky? I will stop drinking and ask it now". At the same time, this poem is also used secretly: "Bright as a flying mirror facing the elixir, the smoke will be extinguished." The poetic meaning of "all the clear brilliance". The bright moon was shining brightly, and the wine was fragrant and intoxicating. Dongpo couldn't help but wonder. "I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky?" This is exactly the meaning of "What night is it in the Book of Songs that I see this beloved man"? The praise and appreciation are beyond words, and the suave and unrestrained spirit of the poet is also reflected in this question. among. Furthermore, the poet considers himself to be a banished immortal, with the intention of "riding the wind to return". The poem's mood is more ethereal and subtle than Li Bai's "Walking Wine to the Moon". "I'm afraid that the beautiful buildings and jade buildings will be too cold at high places." Continuing from the above, I want to go but stop, and the words are full of emotion. "Dancing to clear the shadows, how can it be like being in the world?" Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon" poem "I sing about the wandering moon, and my dancing shadows are messy", borrowing the free and uninhibited image and the clear and empty artistic conception in Li Bai's poems, abandoning the original The poem's lonely and confused mood expresses Su Shi's spiritual outlook of being ecstatic but having his feet on the earth and loving life. Qionglou Yuyu, riding the wind to the moon, and the cold moon palace are all well-known myths and legends. The poets easily used them to express the "joy" and "intoxication" of the autumn moon night. It also vividly describes "drunk".
The next part is about missing family members, still keeping the "moon" in mind, and the mood is slightly depressed. "Turn around the Zhu Pavilion, look down at the Qihu, and the light will keep you awake." The moonlight is flowing, making this man sleepless. Su Shi and Su Che had a close brotherly love. When Su Shi's term as the magistrate of Hangzhou expired, he "asked Dongfang, the commandery, because he really wanted to get close to Kundi" (Volume 25 of "Mizhou Xie Biao" and "Dongpo Collection"). But when they came to Mizhou, the brothers were still far apart and it was difficult to meet each other. During the festive season, I miss my loved ones even more. Tonight, the bright moon is shining brightly, and I can’t help but feel the love for my loved ones. The "sleepless" people refer to the Suzi that they drink with guests for a long time. However, it also refers to the "sleepless" people in the world who miss their loved ones because of the moonlight tonight. From oneself to others, how many tourists will be tossing and turning under the moonlight, worrying and sleepless! The moon is full but people are not, so Su Zi can't help but complain: "There should be no hatred, why is it full when we say goodbye?" The moon shouldn't have any resentment towards the world, right? But why is it always round when people are leaving? It seemed like he was deliberately trying to embarrass himself. This question is tactful and sincere, and the experience is unique, which shows the depth of caring for people. "People have joys and sorrows, partings and reunions" are reversed again, and the mood of the poem is ups and downs again. The poet uses his thoughts to reason and solves his own problems with his unique broad-mindedness and freedom. Since everything in the world cannot be perfect, it is logical to end the whole poem with the best wishes of "I hope that people will live long, and thousands of miles will bring beauty to the moon". As long as "people last forever", even though we are thousands of miles apart, we can still be in love with each other and enjoy the full moon. As long as "people last forever", even if we are not together today, there will always be a day of reunion. At this point, the mood is relieved, and the brilliance of the full moon seems to be clearer and more lovely.
The imagination of this word is fantastic and romantic, the writing style is vigorous and rounded, and the image is free and vivid. "The state of Qi Luo's fragrance is washed away, and the degree of preparation is freed; it makes people climb high and look far away, and raise their heads and sing loudly." (Hu Yin "Wine Side Word Order"). Its clear and vigorous style is very different from the soft and graceful style of Huajian and Jinlian. It reveals the bold style of Dongpo's poetry for the first time, which is refreshing to read. But what is more inspiring and meaningful is Su Shi's wise thinking about life and physics. There are countless shortcomings in the universe, nature, and life. The flowers are beautiful and the grass is lush and green, but they may wither and flourish, but the beauty never lasts forever; family ties are close to the heart and depend on each other, but joys and sorrows are unpredictable; time is infinite but life is short; there are talents and ambitions but opportunities are hard to come by... It is such a wonderful fusion of beauty and imperfection, which is why there are so many poems and poems that express regret for spring, sadness for autumn, and sadness for separation and aging. Throughout the ages, how many sages and philosophers have been troubled by this shortcoming in life and become sad and angry; how many poets and poets have been confused by this shortcoming in life and become depressed and sad. Time has passed, and now it is Dongpo’s turn. He "worked hard to have the ambition to be the world", but he did not agree with Wang Anshi's political views, so he had to ask for foreign posts, and he felt resentful that his ambition could not be fulfilled. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, brothers are in Qilu, looking at each other but not being able to see each other, which is the pain of not being able to reunite with relatives. As we age, we enter autumn, and we gradually realize how short and urgent life is. It is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the frost and wind are getting tighter, approaching a depression that will kill everything. Dongpo, who has an insight into the truth, must have deeply felt the shortcomings of life and physics at this moment! That's why there are so many ups and downs of emotions and thoughts in his words. But he never succumbs to melancholy. He stood one level higher, broadened his horizons, and used ancient and modern affairs to relieve his depression. "People have joys and sorrows, partings and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times." Although people suffer from separation, the moon does not always reunite. The perfection and imperfection of all things are always in the irresistible cycle of reincarnation. In this case, why bother about the full moon and the separation of people? Then "May people live forever, thousands of miles away from Chanjuan" transcends the limitations of time, space and geography. "Thousands of miles apart, there is a bright moon" (Xie Zhuang's "Moon Ode"). Appreciating the bright moon means that both parties are alive and miss each other, which is enough to make people happy and relieved.
Su Shi's self-congratulation and self-comfort reflect his thinking on the philosophy of life. Su Shi's thoughts are profound and complex, based on Confucianism, but he does not exclude Buddhism and Laoism. He is also good at integrating some of the wonderful mysteries of Buddhism and Laoism with Confucian theory to deal with the issues of behavior, origin, advancement and retreat. Festival. Chinese scholar-officials generally follow two paths when dealing with setbacks in life and career: they may give up their ideals and drift away from the world; they may persist in their ideals and realize that they are impossible, even if they suffer a bloody blow or even die. Su Shi took the third path with his unique world view and outlook on life. He neither gives up his ideals, goes along with the secular world, nor goes to extremes to fight violently, but instead lets nature take its course and strives to transcend. When his official career was frustrated, he said, "I have used my time to give up, and my actions are hidden in me. I have nothing to do but look at them leisurely. I am tall and strong, but I am worried about traveling and dying at the age of 20, and I will fight for my respect in front of me." Treat it with the attitude of ""). The world is infinite and life is short. He prides himself on enjoying the breeze and the bright moon, and is content with his love for the mountains and rivers and the blending of things and myself. When his relatives were separated, he extended his blessings by saying, "May I live long and live thousands of miles away from you"... As an ancient man nearly a thousand years ago, Su Shi's attitude towards life was not without its flaws, but throughout his life he was magnanimous and tactful in his dealings with people, easy-going, and karmic. Being comfortable has effectively maintained inner peace, been optimistic and cheerful throughout life, and reached a state of life that many people yearn for but cannot achieve. This is Su Shi, and this is the unique artistic charm of "Shui Tiao Ge Tou".