1. Patriotism and integrity
Lenin said: "Patriotism is the deepest feeling for one's motherland consolidated for thousands of years." Only by knowing deeply can we love deeply. Mencius put forward that "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent", which can be said to embody the integrity of the Chinese nation. Throughout the ages, many people with lofty ideals have set an example for future generations in patriotism and integrity in order to safeguard the honor of the motherland and the dignity of the nation.
"Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" was put forward by Gu Yanwu, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It not only has the positive significance of advocating national integrity and saving the nation from peril, but also highlights the lofty sense of historical responsibility that requires the personal destiny to be closely linked with the destiny of the nation and the motherland. Therefore, whenever the Chinese nation is on the verge of a critical juncture of life and death, it plays the role of a fighting horn to save the nation and survive. Since the Opium War broke out in 184, such knowledgeable Lin Zexu, Chen Huacheng who was blood-stained in Wusongkou, Tan Sitong who was killed in the Reform, Sun Yat-sen who overthrew the imperial system, Lu Xun who turned a cold face, Zhang Zizhong who devoted himself to the war of resistance against Japan, and countless * * * producers who gave their lives for the country have all embodied this patriotic spirit. They are the souls of the Chinese nation.
Integrity is the perfect spiritual temperament that the Chinese nation has been persistently pursuing for thousands of years. Su Wu's sheep herding in the Han Dynasty was awesome and unyielding, and his poor days were there. Ding Nian served him and returned home with his head bowed, which was told for generations. Wen Tianxiang's poem "Zhengqi Song" in the Southern Song Dynasty fought against the "evil spirits" of the Southern Song Dynasty imperial court, and the threat of the Yuan rulers to lure "evil spirits", leaving a fresh heart to shine on the history. * * * Li Dazhao, a industrialist, was righteously sacrificed under the butcher's knife of Zhang Zuolin. Zhu Ziqing, a famous poet, died of poverty and illness, but he starved to death and refused to receive American food because of his integrity.
"No matter how poor my motherland is, I will fight for her and serve her." This is the voice of all patriotic scientists. When New China was founded, a group of foreign scientists who had studied abroad returned to the motherland one after another to contribute their wisdom and strength to the new China. Qian Xuesen never wavered in the face of detention, house arrest and surveillance by the United States; Hua Luogeng gave up the job that was heavily hired in the United States; Li Siguang refused the advice of the British teacher to let him take his doctorate before returning to China; Qian Sanqiang even risked his life.
The above examples of patriotism and integrity are permeated with the fine traditions of the Chinese nation, and she is the spirit of the Chinese nation. However, in Chinese history, faced with the temptation of the material world and the threat of power, there are many people who betray their friends and seek glory when they are young, and betray their country and seek expensive when they are big. Today, under the sugar-coated shells, there are not many people who have fallen! Therefore, emphasizing the education of patriotism and integrity in history teaching can make students realize that no matter when, where and under what circumstances, as a China person, they should always put the interests of the motherland and the people first.
Second, strive to be determined
To be invincible, a person, a nation and a country must have the spirit of striving for progress, and determination determines the direction of a person, a nation and a country's efforts on the road ahead.
"Zi Zi dyed silk, and the contribution lies in the initial transformation" shows that a person's growth is closely related to his childhood, and there are many young people who are ambitious in history. In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang took office as a civil servant when he was only seventeen years old, and became the director of Dengzhou Wei. He told his father that he should be a man who "takes the lead and forgets himself when facing the enemy" and wrote a poem "I don't want to be a marquis, I hope it will be peaceful". In the future, he made immortal achievements in wiping out the pirates along the southeast coast and preventing the invasion of northern aliens, and became a national hero in history. On his way to the Guangzhou revolutionary base, a great man Mao Zedong passed through "Qinyuanchun Changsha" written by Changsha, in which "Ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?" It shows Mao Zedong's lofty aspirations of taking the world as his own responsibility, and strives for it all his life. Nineteen-year-old Zhou Enlai's "Song of the Great River and Turn East" also reflects his great ambition to transform old China. It can be described as a young ambition.
when individuals, nations and countries are in adversity, they should work hard to make up their minds. Sima Qian once concluded: "... King Wen was arrested and acted in Zhouyi, while Zhong Nieu wrote Spring and Autumn Annals; Qu Yuan's exile was a tribute to Li Sao; Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; Sun Tzu's feet, the Art of War revised; Do not violate the move to Shu, and pass on "Lu Lan"; Han Fei imprisoned Qin, Said Difficult, Lonely and Angry; There are 3 poems, which are probably what the sages did when they were angry. " It is the best example of being angry and determined. The story of "working hard for a living" shows the valuable spirit of coming out of adversity. The Chinese nation has always stood firmly in the forest of the world, and the ambition to "rest on the laurels and taste the courage", the belief that it is difficult to prosper the country, and the indomitable spirit have played a great incentive role!
where there is a will, there is a way. It is very important to instill the idea of striving for determination in history teaching, and at the same time, it is necessary to make students understand that although everyone has his own aspirations, this ambition can only conform to the traditional national spirit and be grand and noble if it takes the people of the world as the starting point and the nation as the ownership. We should link personal ideals with the national interests of the motherland, and link being a cross-century generation with benefiting the people. More importantly, it is necessary for students to understand that striving for determination should not only focus on the big picture, but also start from the small place, start from the self, step by step, and constantly sharpen their actions on the way to life, so as to achieve great ambitions.
Third, reform and innovation
Although the Chinese nation has been invaded by foreign countries and ravaged by foreign powers, it is the only great nation among the four ancient civilizations that can keep its nation invincible. There are many reasons, among which a group of outstanding figures of the Chinese nation follow the trend of the times, forge ahead, and be brave in reform and innovation.
Shang Yang, who suffered a car crash, sacrificed his life, but made Qin catch up with the rest, surpassing the six eastern countries, and became a powerful country in the world, which laid the foundation for Qin Shihuang's great cause of reunifying China. Shang Yang's theory of "governing the world differently, making the country illegal and ancient" is based on the valuable quality of "having no second thoughts, doing the public regardless of private interests", which shows a new trend of a generation. It was praised as "China XI" by Lieyu.