The whole world knows that immortals are good, but fame is unforgettable.
where will the past and the present be? A pile of grass is gone in the wasteland.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but only gold and silver can't forget them.
in the end, I only hate gathering, but my eyes are closed for a long time.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, and only a wife can't forget them.
You said your kindness on your birthday, and you died with others.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, and only children and grandchildren can't forget them.
There have been many infatuated parents since ancient times. Who has seen filial piety to their children and grandchildren?
Appreciation of Poetry
This song appeared in the first time. After the ruin of Zhen Shiyin's family business, the couple went to live in the country grange. Catch up with the "drought and drought, rats steal bees", and have no place to live, so they have to sell their land and go to their father-in-law's house. His father-in-law is also a mean and greedy man, and he has got what little money he has left into his own hands. Zhen Shiyin's "bitter anger and pain" and "poor and ill" are cornered. One day, he walked down the street on crutches, and suddenly he saw a broken foot walker who was "crazy and sloppy" coming over and chanting this song.
This song "Good Song" promotes an escapist nihilistic thought. From a religious point of view, people live in the world, make contributions, get rich, covet wives and care for their children and grandchildren, all because they are blinded by lust and have not yet "realized". This song uses simple language to explain that all this is unreliable. The lame Taoist said, "Good is good, and good is good when you die", and extended the meanings of "good" and "bad" to another level, saying that only when you cut off all contact with the world, that is to say, only when you die completely, can you be completely "good". So his song is called "Good Song".
The negative color of Good Song is very obvious, but we can't simply treat it as dross and discard it. Because the author intends to write this song "Good Song", which is a criticism of the social reality he hates, although it is a negative criticism, it also has its value. Born in an upper feudal family, the author personally observed the decay and depravity of this class, personally experienced the pain of the aristocratic class from prosperity to decline, and thought deeply for half a life, which aroused his strong sense of anger. He wanted to denounce and curse, and "Good Song" was a song of denunciation and curse. The author's feelings are very complicated. He devoted himself to creating a picturesque environment like the Grand View Garden, creating so many kind and pure images of girls and depicting so many interesting things. It can be seen that the author knows how to live and has such an elegant life interest! There must be hatred when there is love. His description of the moral character and behavior of Jia She, Jia Zhen and Jia Lian, who are inferior to pigs and dogs, is the whipping of the objects he hates. In the end, whatever he loved or hated was destroyed together, which made him fall into an unavoidable mental pain. Knowing the author's attitude towards life, and then looking at such nihilistic things he wrote, we can put them in an appropriate position to understand. That is to say, although the author's world outlook has a negative side of nothingness, it is different from monks and Taoists who have no love or hatred; If there is no deep passion for life, how can you write such a profound Dream of Red Mansions?
Explanation of Zhen Shiyin's "Good Song"
The humble room was empty, and the bed was full that year; Grass withered and poplar withered, which was once a dance floor for songs
. Spider silk is covered with carved beams, and green yarn is now pasted on the awning window
. Why do you say that the fat is thick and the powder is fragrant, and how can the two manes become frost again? Yesterday, I sent a white bone to the loess, and tonight I lie at the bottom of the red tent < P > Yuanyang. A box full of gold, a box full of silver, and all beggars are slandered in an instant.
I'm sighing that his life is not long, but I don't know that I'm coming back to die! Well-trained < P >, you can't be a strong beam in the future; Choose the cream beam, who hopes to live in Yanhuaxiang
! Because the gauze cap is too small, the lock cangue is carried; I pity
yesterday, but now I think purple pythons are too long. You sing and I'll go to the
show, but you think that other places are your hometown. It's ridiculous. In the end, it's all
making wedding clothes for others.
Appreciation of Poetry
This song appeared in the first time. The tramp sang "Good Song" to inspire Zhen Shiyin to "realize"; And Zhen Shiyin is a clever scholar, and had the experience of family destruction. He understood it as soon as he heard it, and then he made this annotation for "Good Song", which further extended the idea of "Good Song".
This annotation is more concrete, vivid and cold than The Song of Good. The rich suddenly became poor, and the poor suddenly became rich again; The young suddenly aged, and the living suddenly died-the world is impermanent and everything is illusory. I want to teach my son to honor his ancestors, but he just went to be a robber; I want my daughter to be a lady, but she just becomes a prostitute; I want to climb higher and higher in the official rank, but I have become a prisoner-fate is unpredictable, and no one can escape it. But people in the world still don't wake up, and they are still fighting for each other, like a noisy stage, making endless noise. This is the basic idea of annotation of "Good Song". It, like The Song of Good, belongs to the product of serving the world and detesting the vulgar. Because of its bright and vivid contrast everywhere, it is suddenly cloudy and sunny, suddenly hot and suddenly cold, sometimes laughing and cursing, sometimes singing and crying, and it is popular and fluent, which makes it have a strong appeal. For the figures in vanity fair in feudal society at that time, it was nothing less than a basin of cold water that was completely refreshing; It is also of some cognitive significance for people today to understand the corruption and darkness of feudal society.
The annotation of this song "Good Song" creates a sinister atmosphere of "glory and withering, beauty and decay" at the beginning of the book, which is also a generalization and prediction of the ups and downs of the two houses in Rong Ning.
This kind of generalization and prediction is based on the whole, and it is hard to say which sentence refers to which person or persons. If someone thinks that "all beggars are slandered in an instant" refers to Zhen Baoyu and Jia Baoyu; "Green gauze is pasted on the awning window again" refers to Jia Yucun and others; "Because the gauze cap is too small, the lock cangue is carried" refers to Jia Yucun, Jia She and others; "I felt sorry for my coat yesterday, but now I think purple pythons are too long" refers to Jia Lan, Jia Jun and others, and so on. At first glance, it seems a bit like it, but it may not be the author's intention. Since it is a general indication of the content of the book, some of it seems natural, but if you simply correspond each sentence to the characters in the book, you can't explain it. If you think that "well trained, you can't be a strong beam in the future" refers to Liu Xianglian, what is the basis? The book doesn't write who Liu Xianglian's father is, nor does it write how to teach his children well, nor does it predict that Liu Xianglian will be a robber. How can it be confirmed that Liu Xianglian refers to him? Some people even say that Liu Xianglian participated in the peasant uprising and so on, which is almost insane. The researchers who hold the above views are based on the "A cost" fat batch. Zhi Yanzhai's comment on writing is of great value to the study of A Dream of Red Mansions, but it cannot be trusted and superstitious. Lipid criticism is a very complicated problem, and it is definitely not from one person at a time. There are many mistakes and mistakes, so we have to take it and abandon it, which is obviously absurd from the original book of A Dream of Red Mansions. You shouldn't blindly believe it.
Lin Daiyu's funeral speech
Flowers are blooming all over the sky, but who has pity when the fragrance disappears?
The hairspring is soft and floating in the spring trees, and the falling wool lightly touches the embroidery curtain.
The daughter in the boudoir misses the spring dusk, and she is full of sadness.
She hoes the flowers out of the embroidered boudoir with her hands, and keeps stepping on the fallen flowers?
The willows and elms are from Fangfei, regardless of whether the peaches are floating in Li Fei.
peaches and plums will be released again next year. Who do you know in the boudoir next year?
in March, the fragrant nest was first built, and Yanzi in Liang Jian was too heartless.
Although flowers and hair can be pecked next year, no one can go to the empty nest.
36 days a year, the wind, knife, frost and sword are pressing hard.
when bright and fresh research can be done, it is hard to find once it is drifting.
flowers are easy to see but hard to find, and sorrow in front of the steps kills the undertaker.
tears are spilled in the dark by leaning on the flower hoe alone, and blood stains can be seen on the upper branches.
The cuckoo was speechless at dusk, and the lotus hoe went back to cover the heavy door.
The blue light shone on the wall and went to sleep, but thewindow was not warm.
Blame depends on the matter, which is half pity and half annoyance:
Pity for Spring suddenly turns to annoyance, and then turns to silence.
I heard a sad song outside the court last night. Do you know if it is a flower soul or a bird soul?
the soul of a flower bird is always hard to stay, and the bird is ashamed of itself without words.
I wish to have wings under the threat and fly to the end of the sky with the flowers.
at the end of the day, where is the fragrant hill?
a cup of pure land will cover up the wind if you don't have a trick.
it's better to be clean and clean than to be trapped in a ditch.
I'm going to be buried when I die. I don't know when I'll be buried.
according to today's flower burial person, who is he buried in?
Let's see that the residual flowers in spring are gradually falling, which is when the beauty dies of old age.
no sad songs for me, I don't know when flowers fall and people die!
Appreciation of Poetry
The Song of Burying Flowers is the representative of all the lamentations that Lin Daiyu suffered from her life experience, and it is also an important work by which the author Cao Xueqin shaped this artistic image and showed her personality characteristics. It, like "The Daughter of the Lotus", is the text that the author tried to copy. This song, which imitates the style of the early Tang Dynasty, is incisively and vividly lyrical and artistically successful.
This poem is not always sad and mournful, but it still has a sense of suppressing injustice. "Willows grow from wheatgrass, no matter whether peaches float or Li Fei", there is resentment against the cold world and the warmth of human feelings; "36 days a year, the wind, the sword and the frost are pressing each other hard" is not an indictment of the ruthless reality that has persecuted her for a long time? "May slaves have wings and fly to the end of the day with flowers. At the end of the day, where is the fragrant hill? If you don't have a trick, a cup of pure land will cover up the wind. It is better to be clean and clean than to be trapped in a ditch. " It is the aloof and arrogant character that is unwilling to be humiliated and defiled and unwilling to bow and yield when the fantasy of freedom and happiness is unattainable. These are its ideological values.
Another value of this poem is that it provides us with important clues to explore the tragedy of Baodai in Cao Xueqin's works. Jia Xu originally had a comment on writing: "I have read" Burying Flowers "until three or four, and its sadness and regret make people forget their life experience, so I can't approve it again." There is a guest day:' Mr. Wang is not a treasure owner, how can he write? "That is, every word is double-circled, and the words are immortal, but it is difficult to express the meaning of each other. Once you see Brother Yu, you will be approved again. Oh, hey! Those who want to stop are also coming from "The Story of the Stone", so they stop writing and wait for it. It is worth noting that the comment on writing points out that it is impossible to add comments to this poem without reading the "Jade Brother Hou Wen"; It is precisely the "post-essay" related to this poem that the critics "stop writing and wait". There is no doubt that the so-called "post-essay" refers to the writing of Daiyu's death in the second half of the lost manuscript. If this poem only generally symbolizes the misfortune of a beautiful woman with fallen flowers, there is no need to wait for the next article; Only when what is written in the poem is not general, but mostly related to the plot of Daiyu's death later, it is necessary to emphasize that after reading the later words, we should go back and deepen our understanding of this poem again. It can be seen that "Burying Flowers" is actually a poem written by Lin Daiyu. This point is proved by the quatrains in tihongloumeng, which was written by the author's contemporaries and probably his friends. Poetry; A sad funeral poem seems to come true. Andrew die for loving a wisp of, heavy fan renew red silk? "It seems to be true", which can only be said by people who know the plot of Daiyu's death written by the author. In the past, we thought that Mingyi might not be able to read the whole novel like Zhi Yan. Now it seems that he is very likely to read the second half of the manuscript, or at least listen to the people in the circle where the author associates to talk about the main plot of the second half in detail. If we say that the later things mentioned in the Ming Yi quatrains are like "gathering like spring dreams and scattering like smoke" and "there is no aura under the stone", we can still know by speculation; Then, it is impossible to write poems such as "Wang Sun is thin and bony" about Bao Wang's poverty, and "Shi Jilun who was ashamed of his misfortune" about his conviction. The same is true of the last two sentences in the poem quoted above: Mingyi said that he really hoped that die for loving, who came back from the dead, could save Daiyu, make two lovers, Bao and Dai, become well-connected, and reconnect the red silk rope held by the old man who had been cut off under the moon. Just think, as long as the "sinking cup" can rise, the "red silk" can continue, which is different from the reason why later book sequels imagined the tragedy of Bao and Dai because of the involuntary marriage! If everything is as written in the sequel compiled by Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E, Baoyu already belongs to him. What's the use of "sinking" Daiyu? Is "renewing red silk" for her to be Aunt Bao Er?
The poem "The person who buries flowers today laughs. Who does he know when he buries flowers?"? ..... "At the end of several sentences, such as repeated several times in the book, specially emphasized, and even learned to recite poems by writing parrots. It can be seen that the day when the beauty dies of old age is really when the spring flowers fall, and it is not a function word comparison. At the same time, it is said here that "he knows who it was when he was buried", and it is said in front that "who has pity when the fragrance disappears" and "it is hard to find once wandering", etc., so it is no doubt that Daiyu died in a very miserable and lonely situation like Qingwen. At that time, not everyone was busy with the wedding ceremony for Baoyu, so they had no time to take care of it. On the contrary, Baoyu and Xifeng were both living outside because of avoiding disasters. That was the day when "the family died, and each family had to find its own door". In the poem, "The willows and pods are from the wild grass, regardless of the peach floating with Li Fei" or this meaning. "In March, the fragrant nest has been built, and the swallow between the beams is too ruthless. Although the flowers can be pecked next year, it is difficult to grasp the meaning of the phrase "no one can go to the empty nest of Liang", which is between solvable and unsolvable. Now, if you look at it in a prophetic way, it is more clear. Probably in the spring, Baodai's marriage was basically settled, that is, the so-called "fragrant nest has been built". However, in the autumn, something happened, just like the swallow in the beam flew away mercilessly, and Baoyu was forced to run away from home. Therefore, she lamented that "the soul of flowers and birds is always hard to stay" and imagined that she could "give birth to wings" and go with her. She cried day and night, and finally "tears are exhausted." In this way, "I don't know when flowers fall and people die", and if "flowers fall" is compared with Daiyu and "people die" (exile), it is completely appropriate. Whenever Baoyu suffers from the so-called "ugly disaster", there are always others who will be unlucky. First came Jin Chuaner, then Qingwen, and finally sealed Daiyu. Therefore, there is a pun in the poem that "the quality is clean and clean, and it is better than being trapped in a ditch", which can be used to dissect and show integrity. When Baoyu returned to Jiafu in the autumn of the following year, the Yihong Courtyard was "red, thin and green" (fat review), and the Xiaoxiang Pavilion was a bleak scene of "leaves rustling, cold and lonely" (fat review). Daiyu's boudoir was the same as Baoyu's crimson porch, only to see "spider silk covered with carved beams" (fat review refers to Baodai's residence) "Although the flowers can be pecked next year, it is impossible for people to go to Liang's empty nest!" Isn't that what it means? These are just some details that can be confirmed from the clues mentioned in the fat review, and all of them may not be so appropriate. However, this poem and Baodai's tragic plot must take care of this, which is probably not subjective; In fact, the poems that "seem to come true" are not limited to this. Daiyu's "Farewell in Autumn Window" and "Peach Blossom Walk" also have this nature. The former seems to be unfortunate enough to say that she left Baoyu later, while the latter seems to be a pre-portrayal of her ending of "dying of tears" (fat review).
Some people say that "Burying Flowers" is "born out" from two poems by Tang Yin (A Dream of Red Mansions). Poetry is of course borrowed from others, but the relationship between "source" and "flow" of literary and artistic creation should not be confused. When it comes to the use of predecessors' works in some words, sentences and artistic styles, it is really unnecessary to look for them in the collections of Ming people. In the early Tang Dynasty, Liu Xiyi's "Generation of Sadness"