suggestion
Pang Tong
After Zhou Yu died, Lu Su recommended Pang Tong to Sun Quan, who didn't need him. Lu Su recommended Pang Tong to find Liu Bei. Seeing that he was ugly, Liu Bei arranged for him to be a county magistrate in Leiyang County. Pang Tong was unhappy and wanted to impress Liu Bei with his talent. Seeing Zhuge Liang's absence, I had to say goodbye. After that, I drank all day. Liu Bei heard that Pang Tong ignored politics, so he drank all day for fun. He was furious and ordered Zhang Fei to visit Jingnan. Zhang Fei went with Sun Gan. Pang Tong didn't come out to meet him at that time. Pang Tong's colleagues told Zhang Fei how Pang Tong ignored politics. Zhang Fei was furious and wanted to capture Pang Tong alive. It is not too late for Sun Gan to persuade him to see Pang Tong. When Zhang Fei met Pang Tong, he told him to scrap all kinds of things in the county. Pang Tong thought everything was trivial. As a result, it took only half a day to deal with everything this month. Zhang Fei admired him very much and recommended him to Liu Bei. Later generations turned Pang Tong into a county magistrate-two-part allegorical saying, which was overqualified.
In fact, Pang Tong did work as a county magistrate, which was not very good, but it didn't take half a day to solve the government affairs in one month. Later (because of his poor work), Lu Su wrote to tell Liu Bei that Pang Tong was not suitable to be a county magistrate, but should be a county magistrate and a coachman. Then, Pang Tong's performance was really excellent. But the previous two-part allegorical saying is definitely not true. Even if Pang Tong really has the ability to solve the problem for a month in half a day, this story also shows that he is ambitious and knows the world well. Instead of being overqualified.
Xin Qiji
Xin Qiji, also known as You 'an and Jia Xuan, is an outstanding representative of poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. His father died in his childhood and was brought up by his grandfather.
Story 1:
At that time, there was a famous pastoral poet named Liu Zhan, and Xin Qiji was Liu Zhan's most proud student. Once, Liu Zhan asked him, "Confucius once asked students to talk about their ambitions. I also asked you what you plan to do in the future? "
Xin Qiji replied: "I don't want to be an official. I want to write all the thieves in the world in words and kill all the thieves with my sword! " "Liu Zhan was taken aback and asked Xin Qiji not to say such ridiculous things in the future. But since then, Xin Qiji bravely devoted himself to the national anti-gold battlefield and became famous as a patriotic poet.
In AD 1 127, Jin signed a peace treaty with the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Civil War was suspended. 1 16 1 year, the gold Lord Yan Liang broke the peace treaty and led 400,000 troops south to invade the Song Dynasty. Northern China, which has been calm for 20 years, is experiencing stormy waves again.
People in northern China, ruled by the Jin people, always rebel. At this time, the Jin people invaded the south, and the rear was empty, and they revolted in succession. At that time, 22-year-old Xin Qiji led more than 2,000 people to form an anti-gold team and defected to Geng Jing, the largest rebel army at that time.
Jin people not only failed to invade the south, but also were killed by his men. Moreover, there was a coup inside the Jin Dynasty in the rear, and Wan himself who stayed behind became the emperor. In this case, the Jin people had to retreat.
Xin Qiji thought it was the best opportunity for the North and South to unite, attack the Jin people and recover the lost land, so he suggested that Geng Jing should contact the Southern Song Dynasty court. Song Gaozong accepted Geng Jing's suggestion and appointed Geng Jing, Xin Qiji and others as officials, asking them to convey their common will to resist gold in the north.
However, on the way north, Zhang Anguo, one of his men, bought it, killed it and led the people to surrender to Kim. Xin Qiji was very angry after hearing the news. With 50 cavalry, he galloped 500 miles overnight. Rushed into the 50,000-Jin-Jun camp with lightning speed, tied up the traitor Zhang Anguo who was celebrating and drinking, and took him to Jiankang for beheading. Xin Qiji's courage and courage shocked both inside and outside the imperial court.
However, due to the exclusion and attack of the capitulationists, Xin Qiji was not valued by the imperial court, and his revenge for Xu Jin's recovery of lost land has not been brought into full play. At the age of twenty-five, Xin Qiji presented his national salvation plan "Rong Shi Lun" to Xiaozong, which was not adopted. At the age of 30, Xin Qiji gave another book, Nine Treatises, to Prime Minister Yu, but it was still useless. At the age of thirty-nine, Xin Qiji was appointed as an envoy to eastern Zhejiang, and established the Flying Tiger Army, which became a powerful anti-gold force along the Yangtze River with excellent martial arts. Unfortunately, two years later, he was framed and retired. Later, he was rejected for a long time, but his ambition to save the country and the people never died out.
When Xin Qiji was sixty-four, he visited Lu You, a famous patriotic poet, in the western suburbs of Shaoxing. Lu You was fifteen years older than Xin Qiji, who was almost eighty at that time. His patriotic poems have always been appreciated by Xin Qiji. The two talked about state affairs together and met each other after a short meeting. After listening to Xin Qiji's analysis and unification of the current situation and his vision for the whole country, Lu You felt that he was a very talented person and hoped that he would succeed in his career.
In the second spring, Song Ningzong imperial edict Xin Qiji went to Lin 'an to ask his opinion on Xu Jinguo's Northern Expedition. Xin Qiji told Lu You about it. Lu You thinks this is a good opportunity for Xin Qiji to display his talents and is happy for him. In order to encourage Xin Qiji to develop his talents, Lu You wrote a long poem specially for him. According to the poem, Xin Qiji was a great statesman and strategist in ancient times, Guan Zhong, and a first-class figure in Xiao He. Being an envoy of Zhejiang East Road now is really a little useful. Encourage him to work hard to restore the Central Plains, and don't mind being excluded and frustrated.
However, after Xin Qiji went this time, he was still not reused. Finally, the Song Dynasty and Jin made peace. In this way, Xin Qiji, an accomplished civil and military generalist, died in anger at the age of 68.
Although Xin Qiji was unable to display his ambition after returning to the South, his belief in reunifying the Central Plains never wavered. He wrote more than 600 poems, which reflected the reality that the mountains and rivers were broken and the north and the south were divided at that time, expressed his high-spirited enthusiasm for serving the country, expressed his grief and indignation, and criticized the resignation of the court officials. He left us these immortal works, so he was praised as a patriotic poet.
Story 2:
Xin Qiji once worshipped Liu Zhan, a famous pastoral poet at that time, as a teacher, and he and the party were Liu Zhan's most proud students. On one occasion, Liu Zhan asked them both: "Confucius once asked students to talk about their ambitions, and I also asked you what you plan to do in the future?" Dang Huaiying replied: "The purpose of studying and being an official is to gain fame and honor our ancestors. I must go to the imperial court to be a big official; If you can't be an official, you will go home to live in seclusion and write pastoral poems like a teacher. "
Liu Zhan was very happy to hear this. He repeatedly called it good and thought his ambition was noble. Xin Qiji replied: "I don't want to be an official. I want to write all the thieves in the world in words and kill all the thieves with my sword! " "Liu Zhan was taken aback and asked Xin Qiji not to say such ridiculous things in the future. Since then, Xin and the party's life trajectory is completely different: Xin Qiji bravely devoted himself to the national anti-gold battlefield and was famous as a patriotic poet; While Dang stayed away from the ruling clique of the Jin people and did some help or even accomplice work for the Jin people.
After the Jin people invaded the south, Xin Qiji organized a team of more than 2,000 people to rebel in his hometown. Later, he led a team to participate in the uprising organized by Jinan farmer Geng Jing. Soon, the rebels accepted the appointment of the imperial court and cooperated with the imperial army to fight against the invading Jin army. However, Xin Qiji later lived in Shangrao, Jiangxi for a long time because of the exclusion and attack of the capitulators. 1in the spring of 2003, he was appointed as the magistrate of Shaoxing Prefecture and the peace envoy of East Zhejiang Road. This year, Xin Qiji was 64 years old.
There is a place in the western suburbs of Shaoxing called Sanshan, where the famous patriotic poet Lu You lives in seclusion. Lu You was fifteen years older than Xin Qiji. At that time, he was almost eighty years old. His patriotic poems have long been admired by Xin Qiji. Xin Qiji went to visit the elder soon after taking office, and they discussed state affairs and met each other after a brief encounter. After listening to Xin Qiji's analysis and unification of the current situation and his vision for the whole country, Lu You felt that he was a very talented person and hoped that he would succeed in his career.
In the second spring, Song Ningzong imperial edict Xin Qiji went to Lin 'an to ask his opinion on Xu Jinguo's Northern Expedition. "Xin Qiji told Lu You about it. Lu You thinks this is a good opportunity for Xin Qiji to display his talents and is happy for him. In order to encourage Xin Qiji to develop his talents, Lu You wrote a long poem specially for him. The poem says, "Xin Qiji was a great statesman and strategist in ancient times, Guan Zhong and Xiao He. Now, being a messenger of peace on Zhejiang East Road is really overqualified. Encourage him to work hard to restore the Central Plains, and don't mind being excluded and frustrated. At the age of sixty-six, the patriotic hero who was always overqualified finally died in grief and indignation.
Biography of Xin Qiji
Xin Qiji (1 140- 1207), a native of Licheng County, Shandong Province, was a great patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He grew up in the area occupied by nomads from childhood. At the age of 20, he led more than 2,000 people to fight against gold and defected to the peasant uprising army headed by Geng Jing, who served as secretary Geng Jing. Later, he returned to the Southern Song Dynasty and successively served as Jiankang Prefecture (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province), Zhizhou (now Chuxian County, Anhui Province), prefect of Jiangxi Criminal Prison, Hubei transshipment ambassador, Hunan Anfu ambassador and Jiangxi Anfu ambassador. During his tenure as a local official, he attached importance to the development of production, trained the army and actively prepared for the Northern Expedition, showing extraordinary military and political talents. Therefore, it is hated by the court authorities. After being dismissed from office, he lived in Shangrao, Xinzhou (now Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province) for nearly 20 years. Although he served as Fujian's special envoy for peace for a short time, he was quickly dismissed. In his later years, the imperial court was in a critical situation and was used by people, but he was still untrustworthy and finally died with a grudge.
Xin Qiji's ci deeply reflected the sharp national contradictions and internal contradictions of the ruling class at that time, and showed his patriotic enthusiasm for actively advocating anti-gold and realizing national reunification. There is also a collection of Jia's and short sentences
Bianrang
There is a story in the 10th Romance of the Three Kingdoms that Cao Cao's father Cao Song was killed by Tao Qian. Cao Cao vowed to avenge his father and led an army to kill Xuzhou. Jiujiang satrap befriended Tao Qian, and when he heard that Xuzhou was in trouble, he led five thousand soldiers to rescue him. Cao Cao was so angry that Xia Houdun stopped him on the road. The concession mentioned here is the hero of the idiom "overqualified". It is true that Cao Cao killed the frontier in history, but the time and plot are somewhat different from those in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Bianrang, the word courtesy, Chen, is the Kaifeng person today. Bian made this man eloquent and knowledgeable when he was very young. His most famous work is zhanghua Fu.
Liu Hongli, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, named He Fei as the queen and He Fei's half-brother He Jin as the general. Blades heard about Bian Rang's fame and talent, wanted to recruit him as an official, and was afraid that Bian Rang couldn't come, so he called Bian Rang to Luoyang in the name of conscription and appointed him as history.
Blades thought it was a good thing for him, but it caused the dissatisfaction of Cai Yong (Y not ng), a great scholar, poet and calligrapher at that time. Cai Yong thought that the official in the concession was too small!
Cai Yong found the blade and said, "I was lonely when I was a child, but I was smart and eager to learn hundreds of classics, and I could see the meaning." This man is omnipotent, "indecent assault, illegal silence" and a rare talent. The cauldron used for cooking cattle is not suitable for cooking chicken. There is too much soup to taste. Without soup, it can't be cooked well. As the saying goes, "the big things are small, the small things are small" so that the side can create history. I hope the general can give him a chance to show his talent. Later, blades let Bianrang become the satrap of Jiujiang.
At that time, the imperial court was in chaos, and I thought it was really boring to be an official in such an environment. Later, I simply resigned from my official position and went home to study. But how can a talented person have no view of society? Bian Rang looked down on Cao Cao, a rising star, and often scolded him on different occasions.
Later, someone complained to Cao Cao, and Cao Cao was in high spirits. Why would anyone say that about him? So he arranged for local officials to arrest and kill the border.
Pinyin: dà cá xi m: o yê ng
Explanation: metaphor is overqualified, metaphor is improper use, and it wastes talents.
Source: Jin Shichong's "On Xu Chao": "When a sage is in office, a group of talents and officials can make a difference. If you are ready for a big position, you will not be too big to make a small position; Small materials are extremely divided and have different positions for a long time. "
grammar
Subject-predicate type; As objects and attributes; Refers to improper personnel arrangement
Discrimination of words
Example: ~ The ancients lamented that Guan Zhong and Xiao He were actually doing business. ◎ Song Luyou's poem "Writing a Dynasty with a Heart at Peace"
Material: wood; Use the small one for the big one. Metaphor is improper in employing people, and people can't do their best. It also refers to the waste caused by improper use of materials.
Tip: Being overqualified is a phenomenon of wasting talents. Everyone has his own strengths, so it's best to work and apply in his own suitable position.
Subject-predicate type; As objects and attributes; Refers to improper personnel arrangement
Synonyms: Skillful skills, pearls playing finches, Niu Ding roast chicken.
Antonym: people make the best use of their materials, things make the best use of them, and people make the best use of them.
Two-part allegorical saying: the square table covers the jar; The big purlin is a big stick hammer; Big pine trees are used as firewood; Pat flies in the eighth five-year plan; A hundred years of pine is firewood; A big axe cuts branches; Girder is a civilized stick; Pang Tong became a county magistrate; Marble sauerkraut jar; The big cupboard is full of briquettes; Cannons hit mosquitoes; Big pine trees are used as firewood; Really cool like a rag; Telephone poles are used as chopsticks; Rod fishing; Telephone poles are used as matchsticks; The top rod is used as a needle.
Riddle: anti-aircraft guns hit mosquitoes; Iron bars are ground into embroidery needles.
Song Lu's poem "Send an Hall to Write a Dynasty" says: "There are too few materials, and I regret the past, but Guan Zhong and Xiao He really flow in Asia.