Different versions of four famous buildings in Jiangnan in history;
The first statement: Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge in Jiangxi, Xieshulou in Xuancheng, Anhui;
The second statement: Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge in Jiangxi, Yuejiang Tower in Nanjing, Jiangsu;
The third statement: Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge in Jiangxi and Furong Building in Xinhongjiang, Hunan;
The fourth statement: Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Wangtengting in Jiangxi, Zhenwuge in Rong County, Guangxi;
The fifth statement: Yueyang Tower in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge in Jiangxi and Dexing Juyuan Building in Shangrao, Jiangxi.
Yueyang Tower
It is the only ancient building that keeps its original appearance among the four famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, and its architectural artistic value is unparalleled. 1988 1 was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council, and was listed as a national key scenic spot protection area in August of the same year. 200 1 year 1 month, approved as the first batch of national AAAA-level tourist attractions. It is the only scenic spot in Hunan on the Yangtze River Golden Tourism Line, an important window for Yueyang to open to the outside world, and the leader of Yueyang tourism.
Pavilion of Prince Teng
One of the four famous buildings in China. Located on the banks of Ganjiang River in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. In the fourth year of Tang Yonghui (653), Li Teng Yuan Ying, the great-grandfather son, was appointed as the secretariat of Hongzhou, and was named after this title. In the second year of Shang and Yuan Dynasties (675), Yan Bowen, the secretariat of Hongzhou, gave a banquet here, and Wang Bo improvised "Preface to Wang Tengting", which became a famous work throughout the ages. The Wang Teng Pavilion lasted more than 65,438+0,300 years, and was repeatedly destroyed and built. In 65,438+0,926, it was burned by Northern Warlord Deng Ruzhuo. Then rebuild.
Yellow Crane Tower
One of the four famous buildings in China. The building is located in Sheshan Huangli Machine Investment, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. According to legend, it was built in the second year of Wu in the Three Kingdoms (223), and it was destroyed and built repeatedly in the past dynasties. The last burning was in 1884. Celebrities such as Cui Hao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi and Lu You all wrote poems. 1985 rebuilt on the western slope of sheshan senior official. The building is five stories high (with 10 mezzanine floors) and 50.4 meters high. The building area of the main building is about 4000 square meters. It has a national style and is an antique building with reinforced concrete structure.
Hongjiang furong building
◆ Furong Building is located in Qianyang Ancient City, a provincial-level historical and cultural city in Hunan Province, at the intersection of Yuan and Wujiang River. It is a classical garden building, covering an area of 4250 square meters, facing the river in the north and surrounded by forests. Because of its ingenious conception and patchwork, it is known as "the first scenic spot in the upper reaches of southern Chu" and is a place where scholars of all dynasties recite poems and paint. Furong Building has a blue tiled roof, painted clay sculptures and a strong local flavor. Although there is not the imposing manner of the royal garden and the exquisiteness of Suzhou garden, there are also a bunch of cornices, which are elegant, elegant and pleasant.
1June, 956, the people's government of Hunan Province announced "Furong Building" as a key cultural relic protection unit in Hunan Province. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the state allocated funds for the restoration and maintenance of the "Furong Building" for many times, and expanded the West Garden of the Furong Building to build a root carving showroom, displaying a super-large root carving of the Millennium camphor tree with a diameter of 1.98 meters, a height of 1.54 meters and a total weight of about 800 kilograms, engraved with more than 30 folklore and allusions, 65.
◆ According to legend, in the seventh year of Tang Tianbao (748), after Wang Changling was demoted as a captain of Longbiao (now Qianyang County), he built the Furong Building as a place to drink and compose poems and entertain guests. Due to disrepair, the old site was abandoned. In the 20th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 15), in order to commemorate this famous poet, a garden was built in Xiangluyan in the west of the city, and the Furong Building was built after this name. The present building was rebuilt in the 19th year of Qing Daoguang (1839). Furong building has the reputation of "the first scene in the upper reaches of southern Chu" The back porch of the main building is river-facing, with pure wood structure, three rooms on the front, a double-eave resting on the top of the mountain, and Amin Xuan on the second floor for overlooking. Bingxin Yuhu Pavilion, Songcui Building, Banyue Pavilion and other historical sites are surrounded by it, which are cleverly arranged with natural rocks, rivers and trees, forming a magnificent scene of "the mountains are green when climbing, the trees are shaded when overlooking, and the Yuan River is surrounded from the north". On the side of Furong Building, there are more than 80 poems and stone tablets, including Wang Changling's poem 15, and the handwriting of Yan Zhenqing, Yue Fei and Mi Fei. Surrounded by bamboo and wood, the shade is like a cover, the strange grass is fragrant, and the environment is very quiet.
◆ The couplets on the main floor of Furong Building: "Poems are inscribed upstairs, and the stone walls are still marked with celebrities; Jiangtou sees the guests off, and the ice shell is like seeing an old friend. " Elegant charm still exists, and there is a pool in the middle of the back of the building, also known as "Furong Pool". There are grotesque rocks in the middle, and oranges and pomegranates are planted on the rocks. According to legend, there is a wonderful legend that "Fairy Furong sings poems and plays the flute on a moonlit night". Behind the pool is the Half Moon Pavilion, fifty steps to the left are the Green Tower and the Triangle Pavilion, and a few steps to the right are the Jade Pot Pavilion between Wu Tong and Gaofu under the green forest tree. In the twenty-first year of Daoguang (184 1), Long Qirui, the top scholar of Xin Chou and the minister in charge of Jiangxi, jointly carved the pot-shaped stone of "the jade pot is a piece of ice heart", which still stands in the pavilion today. There are stone tablets lined up in the south of the Garden, and there are more than 80 stone tablets inscribed on the spleen by historical celebrities such as Yan Zhenqing, Mi Fei, Huang Tingjian, Yue Fei and Zhao. There is a "send-off pavilion" by the plum blossom stone beside the river.
Furong architectural literature
◆ Furong Building, with a long history and culture, is full of youthful vitality today. Many contemporary scholars have written poems praising Furong Building, which has a far-reaching impact on Furong Building culture. [Edit this paragraph] Xiejialou Xiejialou is located at the top of Lingyang Mountain in downtown Xuancheng. This is a famous cultural building. It is not only a local symbol of Xuancheng, but also a symbol of China's traditional poetry and literature. Xie Gulou has always been known as the four famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River with Yueyang Tower, Yellow Crane Tower and Wangtengting. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period (1937), the building was bombed by Japanese planes.
Xie Tiao Building 1987 At the Ninth People's Congress of Xuanzhou City, 18 NPC deputies jointly proposed to rebuild Xie Tiao Building; 1990 formally adopted by the mayor's executive meeting; 1August 8, 997, ground was broken and completed the following year. 1May, 1998, Xie Shoulou site was listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. The site is a platform with a height of 6m, with an area of1500m2. In order to protect the Xie Gulou site, the protection scope is 50 meters around the basement of the site; The designated construction control zone is 100 m in the south, 80 m in the west and 50 m in the east and north. At present, the hand-in-hand park has been established and the hand-in-hand building management office has been established.
Yuejiang Tower
Yuejiang Tower Nanjing Yuejiang Tower, Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Yueyang Tower and Nanchang Wangtengting are collectively called the four famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. After Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he wrote a letter to build Yuejiang Tower, and personally wrote Yuejiang Tower, ordering all civil servants to write the article Yuejiang Tower. Song Lian, a great scholar, wrote the best article and was selected in China's View on Ancient Literature. Yuejiang Building was completed and opened to the public in 200 1 year, ending the 600-year history of "memory without architecture". The Yuejiang Building is L-shaped, with the main wing facing north and the second wing facing west, and the two wings can enjoy the scenery of the Yangtze River. The main building is located at the corner of the two wings, with three or seven floors outside and four inside, with a total height of 5 1 m and a total construction area of more than 5,000 square meters. [Edit this paragraph] Further reading: The Yellow Crane Tower was built in the second year of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period (223), with a history of 1700 years. In history, the Yellow Crane Tower was built and destroyed repeatedly, including seven times in Qing Dynasty, the last time was destroyed in Guangxu ten years (1884), and then it was rebuilt. The current Yellow Crane Tower was rebuilt by 198 1 It is surrounded by mountains and waters, with dangerous buildings and unique style. The newly-built Yellow Crane Tower was officially opened to tourists in June 1985. The building is five stories high, with a pyramid-shaped roof and cornices at different heights. The building is 5 14 meters high, and the bottom floor is 30 meters long and 30 meters wide. There are quaint ancillary buildings around the main building, which is extremely spectacular and colorful. "Pull the ground and lean on the sky, green as a screen." Climbing upstairs overlooking Jianghan, it is magnificent and has enjoyed the reputation of "the first scene in the world" and "the first floor in the world" since ancient times. Poets and poets of all previous dynasties went to the building to recite poems and compose poems, praising the magnificent landscape of the Yellow Crane Tower. Up to now, more than 1000 poems and 100 essays have been handed down. Since ancient times, because there are many touching stories and beautiful legends about the Yellow Crane Tower, coupled with its spectacular scenery, literati have come here for thousands of years to express their feelings and left countless scrolls.
In the summer of 495, Lou Nanqi was in the second year of Jianwu. In Xie Tiao, there was a poet with a distinguished background who was over 30 years old. He sailed against the current and slowly arrived at Xuan. His name is xie zhi, and he has been a lieutenant under Xiao for more than ten years. Xie Shu's poetic style with emotion in scenery directly influenced Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and other landscape poets in Tang Dynasty. Xie Tiao has a special contribution and position in the history of China's poetry. During the Jianwu period of the Southern Qi Dynasty (494-496), Xie Yong was appointed as the magistrate of Xuancheng and was named "Gaozhai". Xie Shu once worked as a director and lived here, and wrote poems such as History of Gaozhai Poetry, Wang Xian in Gaozhai and Looking Back at the Back House. Waste behind the building.
In the early Tang Dynasty, Xuancheng built a new first floor in the former site of Gaozhai to commemorate Xie Shu. Because the building is located in the north of the county seat, it is named "North Building", and because Jingting Mountain was famous when it was built, it is also called "Beiwanglou". In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai visited Xuancheng many times and paid tribute to this building to express his feelings with poems. The poem "Autumn Ascending the North Building of Xuancheng Qi Xie" is well-known and has been sung through the ages. The poem says: "The river is picturesque, and the mountains look at the clear sky at night. Between the two rivers, one lake is like a bright mirror; The two bridges on the river look like rainbows falling from the sky. Orange forest pomelo is set off in the cold smoke of kitchen smoke; Autumn is boundless, and the phoenix tree has become old. Whoever goes to the North Building appreciates the wind. " Because Li Bai's poems are widely praised, this building is also called "Xie Gong Lou" and "Xie Shou Lou". At the end of Tang Xiantong (874), Xuanzhou Secretariat Du rebuilt the North Building. Because of the high terrain and dangerous cliffs, it was named "overlapping buildings" and recorded. (Annals of Jiangnan): After Ningguo County was ruled, Xie Tiao was the high position of Xuancheng Prefecture. A North Building, also known as Xiegong Building. During the reign of Tang Xiantong, the secretariat of Dugulin was rebuilt and renamed. )
During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, every time the magistrate was rebuilt, it was renamed "Gao Zhai" and also inscribed.
In the 40th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (170 1), Xu Ting, the magistrate, renovated it and said, "The name of Diedie is also named after the earth, and the name of Xie Gong is also recited by people. The north building is known from ancient times to modern times, and people are among them. " Hence the name: "Gubei Building". At the beginning of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1875), the magistrate Lu rebuilt the city. After the transformation, the North Building is divided into two floors, the upper floor is surrounded by a circle, the whole wood structure, glazed tile roof and cornices on all sides. The upper floor is "stacked building", surrounded by wooden railings, and the lower floor is "Xie Gulou", with screen doors on all sides. Around the bottom of the building, there are poems and buildings.
During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period (1937), the building was bombed by Japanese planes.
1987 At the Ninth People's Congress of Xuanzhou City, 18 NPC deputies jointly proposed to rebuild Xie Tiao Building; 1990 formally adopted by the mayor's executive meeting; 1August 8, 997, ground was broken and completed the following year. 1May, 1998, Xie Shoulou site was listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. The site is a platform with a height of 6m, with an area of1500m2. In order to protect the Xie Gulou site, the protection scope is 50 meters around the basement of the site; The designated construction control zone is 100 m in the south, 80 m in the west and 50 m in the east and north. At present, the hand-in-hand park has been established and the hand-in-hand building management office has been established.
Since the Tang Dynasty, other buildings in Xuanzhou City have been named in memory of Xie Shu: Diaofeng, Qingshu, Yingchun, Guanfeng, Shuangxi, Huaixie, Yun Qi (named after Xie Shu's poem "You Jing Ting Shan"), Qixia (named after the poem "Yu Xia scattered into Qi") and Chengjiang (. The poem "Chengjiang jathyapple" says: "Chengjiang opens the celestial mirror and shines more brightly. I hope that the quiet period will always pay off, and I will listen to songs with you. " ) and other pavilions. Among the Pantheon built in Jingting Mountain, Xie Shu ranks first. Therefore, some people once called Xuancheng "Little Xiecheng" (Du Mu's "From Xuanzhou to Beijing, Pei Tan, Lu Yu to Xuanzhou Judge, due to the title):" There are hundreds of hectares of bamboo under Jingting Mountain, including poets. " Ouyang Xiu's "Mei Wen Er awarded Dexing (Order) Drama Book": "Your family is a Luoyang guest." Zhang Lei's "A Little White Title for Chao Wu Xiu": "Guanhe is in the Eastern Qin Dynasty of the Warring States, and the romantic moon is in the south." ), "Xie Gongcheng" (Du Mu's "From Xuancheng to Beijing": "Xie Gongcheng Creek is a dream, and willow blows in front of Su Xiaomen." Xun Mei's Butterfly Clothes Building: "Xie Gongcheng is on the Xie Gonglou, hanging on the bullfight a hundred feet." ), "Xie Shucheng" (Du Mu's "Xuanzhou Kaiyuan Temple": "Xie Shucheng in the Southern Dynasty, the deepest place in Soochow." Xu Tang's "Before Ruzhou Shili returned to Xuancheng for farewell": "Re-introduce the pond and thank the city." )。