Filial piety in the early years
Be honest and clean.
Kaifeng Yin Fu
Bao Zheng resigned because his parents were old. When he got the position of inspector and national tax, and his parents didn't want him to leave, Bao Zheng resigned and went home to support the elderly. A few years later, his parents died one after another, and Bao Zheng built a drafting hut next to his parents' grave. Until the mourning period passed, he was still hesitant and reluctant to leave, and his fellow villagers came to comfort and encourage him many times.
Be honest and clean.
It took Bao Zheng a long time to accept the appointment to manage Tianchang County. A thief cut the tongue of another farmer's cow, and the owner of the cow complained. Bao Zheng said, "Just go home and kill the cow and sell it." Not long after, another person came to (the county government) to say goodbye to slaughtering cattle in private. Bao Zheng said, "Why did you cut the tongue of someone else's cow and report him?" The thief was shocked and convinced.
(Bao Zheng) was transferred to Duanzhou as a magistrate and promoted to Cheng in the temple. Duanzhou produced inkstones, and the last magistrate took advantage of the tribute to collect dozens of times as many inkstones as tribute and gave them to the dynasty dignitaries. Bao Zheng ordered the inkstone to be made only to satisfy the tribute, and he didn't take a inkstone home in power for a whole year.
Soon, because he supervised the empire, he changed to supervise the empire. At that time, Yao Zhang helped to save Festival Xuanyu, while Right Division remonstrated with Zhang Ze, Tang Jie and Bao Zheng. His words were very urgent. Someone once said: "It is not a tactic for the state to pay property to the Khitan every year to resist the Rong people. It is necessary to train the military to choose generals and devote themselves to enriching the border defense. " He also called for attaching importance to the system of returning the seal under the door, deposing corrupt officials as officials, choosing counties to be slaughtered, and implementing the method of trying to recruit students through the grace examination. At that time, various transshipment and provincial judges were added. Most impeached officials accuse minor faults, and they pay attention to harsh and strict examination, which makes officials feel uneasy. Therefore, Bao Zheng requested to replace the provincial judge.
(Bao Zheng) sent an envoy to Khitan, and Khitan ordered the guests to say to Bao Zheng: "Recently Xiongzhou City (in your country) opened a private door to lure traitors in our country in order to spy on frontier intelligence, right?" Bao Zheng said: "Zhuozhou City (in your country) once opened a private door. Why does it have to open a private door to spy on the frontier? " Men are speechless.
He has served as a judge of the Third Division of the Ministry of Industry, went out to Beijing as a transshipment ambassador, changed to Yuan Wailang of the Ministry of Industry in Shangshu, transferred to Jixian Academy, transferred to Shaanxi, transferred to Hebei, and served as an assistant to the Third Division of the Ministry of Industry. The shipbuilding wood of Qin Long Gujie Office was collected from the people. Seven other states pay taxes on bamboo cables and bridges, which generally amount to hundreds of thousands. Bao Zheng calls for abolition. The Khitan gathered troops in the neighboring frontier, and the border county became increasingly alert, so Bao Zheng was ordered to transport rations to Hebei. Bao Zheng said: "People can't cultivate fertile soil in Zhanghe area. Xing, Numa and Zhao all have 15,000 hectares of fertile land for raising horses. I request that all these be distributed to the people. " Listen to his advice. The provisions of the salt law in Xiezhou exhausted the people, so Bao Zheng took care of it and demanded that all of them be exchanged with vendors.
In addition to the Tianzhangge, we should also make a system to advise the court. On many occasions, he reprimanded those ministers who were favored by powerful people and demanded that all gifts given by the palace be exempted. In turn, he handed over three notes of Tang Zhenggong and Wei Guo, hoping to put them on the right side of the seat for reference. It is also said that the son of heaven should listen and adopt clearly, distinguish cronies, cherish talents, and not stick to preconceived rhetoric. It calls for the abolition of harsh and ruthless practices, the suppression of lucky speculation to get officials, the prohibition of criminal law, the prohibition of construction work, and the prohibition of rumors and rumors. Most of the courts have executed it.
In addition to the straight bachelor of Longtuge, Hebei is a transshipment ambassador. I once suggested that the army be transferred to the mainland without any problems, but there was no response. At this time, the request: "Withdraw the troops stationed in Hebei, which are distributed in Yanzhou, Dan, Qi, Pu, Cao and Ji counties south of the Yellow River. If there is an emergency, don't worry about being late. " If we can't immediately reduce the number of troops stationed, demand militia training, and supply dry food a little, and the annual cost is less than the one-month expenditure of troops stationed and the tax revenue of a state, then the number of people supplied will be more. "There is no answer. Transferred to Zhou Zhiying, the states used the government's money to do business, and accumulated losses of several hundred thousand each year, all of which were removed. Because of his son's death, he requested to be appointed as an administrative county official, know Yangzhou, be transferred to Luzhou, and be promoted to a doctor of punishments.
He was convicted of guaranteeing an official's recommendation, and was demoted to the Ministry of War Shangshu, Yuan Wailang and Zhi Chizhou. Restored his official position, transferred to jiangning house, called the right magistrate Kaifengfu, and moved to the middle of Youlang.
(Bao Zheng was summoned by the imperial court), acting as the temporary Kaifeng prefect Yin, was promoted to doctor right. Bao Zheng was strong and determined in the imperial court, so eunuchs were greatly restrained. Everyone who has heard of him is afraid of him. People compare Bao Zheng's smile to the clear water of the Yellow River (an extremely difficult thing to happen). Children and women, who also know his reputation, call him "guaranteed". Therefore, people in Beijing say, "(secretly bribing) can't get along with (people), including Yan Luowang and old man Bao." According to the old rules, all lawsuits can't go directly to the official office (submit a complaint). Bao Zheng opened the front door of the government office, and let the accuser come to the front to state the right and wrong, so the small officials dare not cheat. North Korean officials and powerful families built private gardens and pavilions and occupied Huimin River, thus blocking the river. Due to the flooding in the capital, Bao Zheng destroyed all the garden pavilions. Some people used land certificates to falsely report the number of their fields, but Bao Zheng strictly inspected them and impeached the fraudsters.
He was promoted to an admonition officer and represented the ancient doctor. Bao Zheng said: "The position of the Prince has been vacant for a long time, and everyone in the world is worried about it. Why didn't your majesty make a decision for so long? " Injong asked him, "Who do you think is good?" Bao Zheng replied, "I'm incompetent. I haven't decided yet. I asked for an early crown prince because of the ancestral hall's eternal plan. Your Majesty asked me who I would appoint. This is a doubtful minister. I am seventy years old and have no son. I am not thinking about asking pets for myself and future generations! " Injong was very happy and said, "We should discuss this matter slowly." He called for the reduction of internal staff and unnecessary expenses, and urged all supervisors to be loyal to their duties according to regulations. The Ministry of Internal Affairs can recommend its own officials and reduce the number of official holidays for one year. These suggestions have been implemented.
When Zhang was a three-secretary ambassador, Bao Zheng impeached him in the last chapter because he bought the property of local tyrants, making him just an official; Song Qi succeeded to Zhang Fangping and Bao Zheng was impeached; After Song Qi was exempted, he was temporarily replaced by Bao Zheng, a bachelor of the Tang Dynasty. In this regard, Ouyang Xiu said: "Bao Zheng is the so-called Petunia who tramples on the fields and takes away other people's cattle. The punishment is already heavy, but he is greedy for this job. Is it too much? " So Bao Zheng hid at home to avoid the orders of the three agencies, and it took a long time to come out. He changed some practices when he was in charge of the third division in the past. In the past, all kinds of articles sealed in warehouses for the emperor's use were shipped from all over the country, causing difficulties to the people. Bao Zheng hereby establishes a market where both public and private businesses can buy and sell fairly. From then on, people will no longer be violated and worried. It turns out that most of the clerks in our department owe money and cloth, and most of them are in prison. Some of them often run away, and they jointly detain their wives and children. Bao Zheng, in this case, has released them. Promoted to something, to three secretaries. A few days later, thanks to parliament. Soon, he was transferred to the assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, but he refused and died at the age of 64. After his death, he was named the Minister of Rites, and posthumous title was filial.
Bao Zheng is strict and upright, and hates petty officials for being selfish and mean, and being honest and honest. Although he hated it very much, he never forgot to practice the principles of loyalty and forgiveness. He doesn't associate with people at will, doesn't please people with sweet words, doesn't have a personal letter at ordinary times, and even cuts off friends and relatives. Although the status is noble, the clothes (clothes), utensils (use) and diet (food) are the same as those of ordinary people. (He) once said: "If future generations are officials and politicians, they are corrupt and pervert the law, and they are not allowed to return home, and they are not allowed to be buried in the family cemetery when they die. If you don't listen to my will, you won't be my descendants. "
At the beginning, a son named Mao married Cui Shi, sentenced him to Tanzhou and died. Cui Shi was widowed to death and refused to remarry. Bao Zheng once abandoned his concubine, and she gave birth to a son at her parents' home. Cui Shi secretly comforted his mother to take good care of him. After Mao's death, he took my concubine's son home and named him Wan. There are fifteen volumes of memorials.
General comments
Bao Zheng is a famous upright official in the history of China. Bao Zheng's name has become a symbol of incorruptibility. "Dragon figure bao gong, life? Lung, liver, ice and snow, chest, mountain. Loyal to the country, anarchy. Clear your name and don't wear it. " This poem expresses people's praise for Bao Zheng. Bao Zheng studied at Xianghuadun in the city when he was young. He was a scholar at the age of 28. I used to know Tianchang, Duanzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Luzhou, Chizhou, Kaifeng and other county capitals, and worked in Qidan. He also worked in the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of War, worked as an assistant ambassador, a transshipment ambassador and a three-department ambassador in the Ministry of Finance, and worked as an ambassador and doctor in the Ministry of Supervision. Finally, he is a deputy secretary. He has the nickname "Make sure everything is ready" and "Make sure everything is ready". Ordinary people prefer to be called "Bao Gong". Bao Zheng is a famous official in the history of our country and an outstanding representative of honest and upright officials. "History of Song Dynasty" says: "To save the imperial court, it is resolute, and the eunuchs are noble and honest, so they must gather their hands for it, and those who hear it are afraid of it. People laugh at Bao Zheng more than Huang Heqing, and the naive women in the hedge know their names, calling them "everything is guaranteed". The capital said,' If you can't reach your joints, you will have Yamaraja to support you.' Under the old system, you can't go to court. Keep the front door open so that officials dare not bully them. He also said, "Salvation is steep, evil officials are harsh, and service is sincere"; If you don't agree with others, you won't flatter others with lies. "If you are normal and selfless, you will never be pro-Party.". Bao Zheng has done many good deeds that benefit the common people and won the admiration of the world. Since the Song Dynasty, many stories about Bao Zheng's fame, storytelling novels, traditional Chinese opera and folk art, and even contemporary movies and TV shows have been told. Because of romance, Bao Gong's image has become fuller and even deified and legendary. He became an ideal figure for people to pin and pray for. The shaping and spreading of Bao Zheng's image began in front of him. However, Bao Gong Opera, which originated in Song Dynasty and flourished in Yuan Dynasty, developed and innovated continuously from Ming and Qing Dynasties to modern times and was deeply loved by ordinary people. The story of Bao Zheng's being sentenced is the most wonderful and widely circulated, and it has melted into people's fiery "Bao Gong Qing". Bao Zheng, an official, escaped from prison and was famous for his wisdom honest and frank. Knowing Luzhou, law enforcement does not avoid relatives. When the government was opened, the main entrance of the government was opened, so that the litigants could make meritorious deeds until the court put an end to traitors. The imperial court was resolute, and the nobles and eunuchs stopped for it. There is a saying in Beijing that "the joints are not enough, and Yamaraja provides for the aged".