1 Seven-Step Poetry
Author’s Background
Cao Zhi (192-232), named Zijian, the fourth son of Cao Cao, Pei Guoqiao (now Bo, Anhui) County) native, famous poet. He was very talented when he was young and was loved by Cao Cao. Therefore, he was jealous of his brother Cao Pi, and later died of depression. His poems have concise language and beautiful words. He is a representative poet in the Jian'an period.
Explanation of the word
Kettle: an ancient cooking utensil, equivalent to the current pot.
聐: Bean stalk.
Roll: filter.
豉: tempeh. Made from fermented cooked soybeans, there are two types: salty and light, for seasoning.
Modern Translations of Ancient Poems
The beans are cooked by burning the bean stalks, and the tempeh is filtered to make soy milk. The bean stalks are burning under the stove, and the beans are crying in the pot. Originally born from the same root, why should I be so anxious when suffering!
Appreciation of famous quotes - "We are born from the same roots, so there is no need to worry about each other."
Cao Pi and Cao Zhi were brothers. Cao Zhi was very smart when he was young, able to speak well and write well. A thousand words. After Cao Pi became emperor, he was afraid that Cao Zhi would threaten his position and wanted to persecute Cao Zhi. He once asked Cao Zhi to compose a poem in seven steps, otherwise he would be executed. Cao Zhi stood up in response and finished the poem before he had even taken seven steps. Cao Zhi compared himself to the beans in the pot, and Cao Pi to the bean stalks under the pot. The beans and the bean stalks originally grew on the same root, but now the bean stalks are burning under the pot, frying the beans in the pot, and the beans in the pot are unable to resist. Cao Zhi used this metaphor to imply that Cao Pi and you are biological brothers. We should be deeply affectionate and sincere to each other, but now we are fighting against each other, expressing his inner sorrow and indignation. According to legend, Cao Pi looked ashamed after hearing this. This poem has apt metaphors, clever language, easy to understand and profound meaning.
2 Birdsong Stream
Translation:
Spring is silent, and the sweet-scented osmanthus falls unconsciously. The silence makes the mountains feel even more empty on a spring night. The moon came out, and the birds were startled by the moonlight. The chirping from time to time echoes in the mountain stream.
Era: Tang Author: Wang Wei Genre: Five Unique
The people are idle, the osmanthus flowers are falling, the night is quiet and the spring mountains are empty.
When the moon comes out, birds startle the mountains, and they sing in the spring stream.
Wang Wei likes to create a quiet artistic conception in his landscape poems, and this poem is no different. The word "human leisure" shows that there are no human disturbances around, indicating the poet's inner peace. It highlights the integration of man and nature!
[Appreciation]
This five-character poem mainly depicts the silent scene at night in deep mountains and valleys, expressing the author's love for nature.
The greatest artistic characteristic of poetry is to use movement to contrast stillness, and to blend stillness with movement. The two sentences "Osmanthus flowers fall when people are idle, and the spring sky is in the quiet night" describe a quiet and beautiful artistic conception: in the quiet valley, there are few people around, only the spring osmanthus falls silently; the deeper in the night, everything is silent, as if there is nothing . Then the poet wrote a more poetic scene: "The moonrise scares the birds, and they sing in the spring stream." Because the mountains are so quiet, when a bright moon suddenly rises and its bright silver light shines on the empty valley shrouded in night, it actually alarms the birds in the mountains, and they start chirping by the valley stream. This cry seemed to break the tranquility of the mountain for a moment, but it also made people feel that the empty mountain was even more peaceful and quiet. Wang Ji once wrote a poem like this: "The noisy cicadas in the forest are more quiet, and the birds singing in the mountains are even more secluded." Wang Wei's little poem has the same meaning but the same meaning. But if you taste it carefully, Wang Ji's poems can't help but give people a sense of reasoning. They are full of philosophical implications, but they lack vivid descriptions. However, this poem is written with realistic images, vivid and natural, and infinite interest. Although the poem contains flowers falling, moonrise, and birds singing, "these moving scenery makes the poem appear full of vitality and not dull, and at the same time, through movement, it more prominently shows the tranquility of the spring stream" ("Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry"). 》), it can be seen that we are still coming from behind.
3 Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Tower
Wang Changling
Entering Wu at night in the cold rain and falling across the river,
Send off the guest Chu Shangu in the bright morning.
When relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other,
A piece of ice is in the jade pot.
[Note]
1. Fulong Tower: a city tower in Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province). Xin Jian: A friend of the author.
2. Cold Rain Lianjiang: Runzhou is on the bank of the Yangtze River. This sentence means that it rained cold rain on the Yangtze River at night. Wu: During the Spring and Autumn Period
The state of Wu was located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, so this area was called Wu.
3． Pingming: early morning. Chu Mountain: The Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period was located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, so this area was called Chu Mountain.
4. Luoyang: Today's Luoyang, Henan, is where Xin Jian went.
5． Bing Xin: a metaphor for the purity of heart. Jade Pot: Ice is in the jade pot, further metaphorizing a person’s integrity.
[Explanation]
After a night of cold rain, the poet said goodbye to his friends in Furong Tower. At this time, only the morning light reflected the mountains in the distance.
He told his friends that if relatives and friends from far away ask about me, please convey my honest and honest thoughts to them.
[Appreciation]
This poem is not like ordinary farewell poems, which strive to express the deep attachment to a friend, but focuses on describing one's pure feelings and noble aspirations. . At that time, the poet's friend Xin Jian was about to go north to Luoyang via Yangzhou.
The poet who was working in Jiangning (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) personally saw him off and went to Runzhou. He bid farewell to him at the northwest tower (i.e. "Furong Tower") and wrote this poem. "The cold rain comes to Wu at night along the river, and I see off my guests in Chushan alone during the day." The cold night rain, the surging river, and even the hazy distant mountains look lonely. This scene highlights the poet's attachment to his friends. But the focus of the poem lies in the last two sentences. The destination of my friend's westward journey is Luoyang, where the poet also has many relatives and friends. The poet deeply misses his relatives and friends in Luoyang, and imagines that they also miss him deeply. He told Xin Jian that when relatives and friends ask, he should say that my heart is still pure and flawless, as crystal clear as ice and as clear as jade. The poem uses a clever metaphor to describe a pure and perfect character, showing high language skills and leaving an unforgettable impression on people.
About the author: Wang Changling (about 698-756), courtesy name Shaobo, was born in Chang'an, Jingzhao (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). Poet of Tang Dynasty.
4 Walking alone by the river to look for flowers
Du Fu
Huang Si’s natal family is full of flowers,
Thousands of them hang low on the branches.
Lingering butterflies dance all the time,
The orioles are just singing at ease.
[Note]
1. Dupo: Walking or walking alone.
2. 芊(xī): small road.
3． Jiao: cute.
4. Cha Cha: Happen by chance. Talk about the sound of birds.
5． Linger: that is, being nostalgic and reluctant to leave. This poem is used to describe butterflies flying around among the flowers, reluctant to leave. "Liu Lian" is a "connected word". The two characters that make up a Lianmian Ci are only a record of the pronunciation of the word, and have nothing to do with the meaning of the word. Therefore, a Lianmian Ci may have several different writing forms. For example, "Liu Lian" is also written as "Liu Lian", but the meaning of the word is still the same.
[Translation]
The path to Huang Si’s mother’s house was filled with flowers, with thousands of flowers weighing down the branches.
The playful and colorful butterflies kept flying, and the carefree and charming orioles sang chacha.
5 Lime Song
Thousands of hammers and chisels come from the mountains,
It is still indifferent after being tempered by fire.
Don’t be afraid of being shattered into pieces,
Keep your innocence in this world.
If it’s easy: It seems to be normal.
Hun: All.
Thousands of hammers and thousands of chisels: hammers and chisels.
Innocence: a metaphor for a person’s noble character.
The main idea of ??"Song of Lime" is: Stones quarried from the mountains after thousands of hammers can be burned by fire indifferently. As long as you can keep your innocence in the world, you won't be afraid of being shattered into pieces. The whole poem expresses the poet's noble sentiments of not being afraid of hardships, dangers, sacrifices, and living a clean life on the road of life.
The first sentence "It takes thousands of hammers to carve out the deep mountains" describes the difficulty of mining limestone. The second sentence is "The fire burns as if it were nothing." "Burning with fire", of course, refers to the smelting of limestone. The addition of the three words "ruo taking it easy" makes people feel that it is not only writing about smelting limestone, it also seems to symbolize that people with lofty ideals and benevolence take it easy and take it easy no matter what severe tests they face. The third sentence is "I am not afraid of my bones being broken into pieces." "Shattered bones and shattered body" vividly describes burning limestone into lime powder, and the words "hunbuwei" remind us that there may be a spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. As for the last sentence, "I want to stay green and white in the world", it is the author's direct expression of his feelings and his determination to be a pure and innocent person.
Yu Qian was an honest and upright official. He once redressed injustices and provided relief for disasters and famines, and was deeply loved by the people. During the reign of Emperor Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty, Wala invaded and Yingzong was captured. Yu Qian proposed to establish Emperor Jing, and personally led his troops to defend Beijing and repel the Oara, thus protecting the people from another barbaric rule by the Mongolian aristocrats. However, after the restoration of Yingzong, this national hero was falsely accused of "treason". This song "Lime Song" can be said to be a true portrayal of Yu Qian's life and personality
6 Bamboo Stone
Zheng Xie
He insists that the green mountains will not relax, and the roots will be broken. In the rock.
After countless hardships, I am still strong, regardless of the wind from east to west, north or south.
[Notes]
1. "Bamboo and Stone" is a poem on painting.
2. Determined: a metaphor for taking root firmly, as if one is biting and not letting go.
3. Grind: torture. Jianjin: firm and strong.
4. Er: That. This sentence means: No matter how strong the wind from east to west or northwest blows, it cannot be blown down.
[Explanation]
This is a poem with profound meaning. The first two sentences say that bamboo takes root in broken rocks and has a solid foundation. The second sentence says that no matter how strong the wind blows from all directions, and how much torture and blow the bamboo and stone receive, they remain firm and strong. In praising the firm and tenacious spirit of bamboo and stone, the author implies the strength of his own character. "Standing strong despite being attacked by the enemy, no matter how wind blows from east to west, north or south" is often used to describe the revolutionaries' firm stance in the struggle and their character that will never waver when attacked by the enemy.
[About the author]
Zheng Xie (pronounced Xie) (1693-1765), courtesy name Kerou, alias Banqiao, was born in Xinghua (now Xinghua County, Jiangsu Province). A famous calligrapher and painter in the Qing Dynasty.
The first sentence "It takes thousands of hammers to carve out the deep mountains" describes the difficulty of mining limestone. The second sentence is "The fire burns as if it were nothing." "Burning with fire", of course, refers to the smelting of limestone.
The addition of the three words "ruo taking it easy" makes people feel that it is not only writing about smelting limestone, it also seems to symbolize that people with lofty ideals and benevolence take it easy and take it easy no matter what severe tests they face. The third sentence is "Don't be afraid of being broken into pieces." "Broken to pieces" vividly describes burning limestone into lime powder, and the words "not afraid at all" remind us that it may contain the spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. As for the last sentence "to leave innocence in the world", the author expresses his feelings directly and is determined to be a pure and innocent person.
7 Hearing that the official army had taken over Henan and Hebei
Original text
Wen that the official army had taken over Henan and Hebei
Jianwai suddenly announced that it had taken over Jibei.
When I first heard it, my clothes were filled with tears.
But see where my wife is worried.
The poems and books are full of joy.
You must indulge in drinking while singing during the day,
Youth is a good companion for returning home.
That is, cross Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge,
then go down to Xiangyang towards Luoyang.
Today's translation
Outside Jianmen Pass, I suddenly heard that the army had recaptured Jibei.
I heard uncontrollable tears filling my clothes.
Looking back at the sad faces of my wife and children, I don’t know where they have gone.
I couldn’t help but feel ecstatic while packing up my poems and books.
In the daytime, I sing loudly and drink to my heart's content.
The spring scenery just happens to accompany me back to my long-lost hometown.
Immediately set off through the Ba Gorge and then the Wu Gorge,
Then passed Xiangyang and then turned to the old capital Luoyang.
About the author
Du Fu (712-770), a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The courtesy name is Zimei, a native of Gong County, Henan Province (now Gongyi City, Henan Province). Du Fu was born during the prosperous age of Kaiyuan and the Anshi Rebellion. He lived a life of wandering and hardship. His poems extensively recorded the real life of this period and are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was good at various poetry styles, and his poetry style was melancholy and frustrating, which had a great influence on later generations.
Notes
Official and Army: The army of the Tang Dynasty.
Recover: Recover.
Henan and Hebei: generally refers to the area south and north of the Yellow River, equivalent to today's Henan, Hebei, and Shandong areas.
Jianwai: Outside Jianmen Pass, which is now the area in Jiannan, Sichuan.
Jibei: Northern Hebei Province today. At that time, it was the base area of ??An and Shi rebels.
First hearing: First hearing.
Tears: tears.
Look back; look back.
Manjuan: rolled up randomly.
Indulge in alcohol: Indulge in drinking.
Youth: Spring.
Baxia: on the Jialing River in the east of today's Chongqing City.
Wuxia Gorge: in the east of Wushan County in present-day Sichuan Province.
Xiangyang: in present-day Xiangfan City, Hubei Province.
Appreciation
This poem was written by Du Fu when he was living in Zizhou. Du Fu was 52 years old this year, and it was his fifth year since he had drifted away from Jianmen due to the Anshi Rebellion. Du Fu always looked forward to quelling the rebellion and returning to his roots. Suddenly he heard that the army had recaptured Jibei, and he cried with joy and could not restrain himself. The author uses four consecutive actions of "suddenly passing", "first hearing", "unexpectedly seeing", and "managing" to express the surprise incisively and vividly. In the four dynamic and rhythmic descriptions of "from", "through", "down to" and "toward", the author imagines that he has passed through Ba Gorge and Wu Gorge, passed by Xiangyang and Luoyang, and returned to The hometown of dreams. Later generations said: "This poem has a joyful meaning, a flow of energy, full of twists and turns, absolutely no embellishment, the more simple and true it is." This poem is Lao Du's "first fast poem in his life", and so on. It's a very accurate comment.
Miscellaneous Poems of Jihai
[Notes]
1. This is the 220th poem in "Jihai Miscellaneous Poems". Kyushu: China.
2. Angry: A lively situation.
3． Rely on (sh??阂兰君?
4. Silence (yīn): mute. Thousands of horses mute: a metaphor for the lifeless social and political situation. After all: after all, after all.
5. God ：Creator. Refresh: cheer up.
[Explanation] This sentence profoundly expresses Gong Zizhen's dissatisfaction with the lifeless social situation in the late Qing Dynasty. Therefore, he passionately called for social change, and believed that the bigger the better, it should be as big as earth-shattering spring thunder. He also believed that the most effective way to implement social change was. The important factor is talent, so he called enthusiastically: God! Please cheer up and give us all kinds of talents.
Huanxisha
·Yan Shu. < /p>
Although this poem has the meaning of regretting spring and cherishing the time, it is actually a sentimental expression. The upper part of the poem combines the present and the past, overlaying time and space, focusing on thinking about the past; the lower part cleverly uses the foreground to describe it. Rewrite today's sentimentality. The language of the whole poem is fluent, clear, clear and natural, with profound meaning, enlightening and thought-provoking, giving people philosophical enlightenment and beautiful artistic enjoyment. p>
Start with the sentence "A new song with a glass of wine, the weather last year is the same pavilion." Write the current situation of drinking and listening to the song.
From the intricate sentence patterns and the brisk and fluent tone, we can feel that when the poet faced the current situation, he initially had relaxed and joyful feelings and a free and easy attitude. But while listening and drinking, this situation unexpectedly triggered the recollection of a similar state experienced "last year": it was the same late spring weather as this year, and we faced the same pavilions and pavilions as before us. Clear songs and fine wine. However, under the appearance that everything seems to be the same, it is clearly felt that something has undergone irreversible changes. This is the long passing years and a series of personnel events related to it. So the poet couldn't help but sigh from the bottom of his heart: "When will the sunset return to the west?" The sunset is in the foreground. But what the poet triggered by this was his lingering on beautiful scenery and love affairs, his regret at the passage of time, and his faint hope for the recurrence of beautiful things. This is an instant feeling, but what is felt is actually not limited to the immediate situation, but extends to the entire life, which not only contains perceptual activities, but also contains some kind of philosophical contemplation. There is no way to stop the setting sun. We can only hope that it will rise again in the east. However, the passage of time and changes in personnel can never be repeated.
"There is no choice but the flowers fall away, and the swallows return as if they have known each other before." The line of work is clever and complete, fluent and implicit. This is also the reason why this poem is famous. But what is more interesting is the intention contained in this couplet. The withering of flowers, the passing of spring, and the passage of time are all irresistible natural laws. Although it is useless to linger on regrets, so I say "there is nothing I can do". This sentence is connected with "the sunset"; however, in this late spring atmosphere, I feel What is suffered is not just the helpless decline and disappearance, but also the gratifying reappearance. Isn’t the swallow returning gracefully like an old acquaintance who nested here last year? This sentence should be "when will you return". Although flowers falling and swallows returning are also in the foreground, once they are associated with "helplessness" and "déjà vu", their connotations become very broad, with the symbolic meaning of beautiful things. In the intertwining of regret and relief, there is a certain philosophy of life: all the beautiful things that are bound to disappear cannot be prevented from disappearing, but while they disappear, there are still beautiful things reappearing, and life will not become nothing because of their disappearance. . It's just that this kind of reappearance is not the same as the intact reappearance of beautiful things. It is just "deja vu".
The fundamental reason why this word is so popular and widely recited is that there is thought in the emotion. The words seem to be unintentionally describing commonplace phenomena, but they have philosophical implications, inspiring people to think about the universe and life issues from a higher level. The poem involves the profound and broad idea that time is eternal but life is limited, but it is very implicit.
Bu Suanzi sends Bao Haoran to East Zhejiang
Era: Song Dynasty Author: Wang Guan Genre: Word Category:
Water is the wave of eyes, [1]
The mountain is a gathering of eyebrows and peaks. [2]
If you want to ask pedestrians where to go,
The place where the eyebrows are full. [3]
Only then did I send you back in spring,
I sent you back again.
If you go to the south of the Yangtze River to catch the spring,
Ten million people will live with the spring.
Notes
[1] Eye waves: Describes the flashing eyes, like water waves flowing across the water.
[2]Mei Feng Ju: describes the frowning of the eyebrows, like two peaks standing side by side.
[3] The place where the eyebrows are full: refers to a place with beautiful mountains and rivers. Yingying: It looks beautiful.
With its novel conception and brisk writing style, this word is unique among farewell works.
The two sentences at the beginning of the chapter, "Water is like waves in the eyes," are ingenious: predecessors used to use metaphors such as "eyebrows are like spring mountains" and "eyes are like autumn water" to describe the beauty of a woman's face. For example, it was named after Liu Xin's "Xijing Miscellaneous Notes" Volume 2: "Wenjun is handsome, his eyebrows are like looking at distant mountains"; Li Bai's "Song of Love": "In the past, the eyes were full of waves, now they are a fountain of tears"; Bai Juyi's "Zheng Shi": "Double eyes. Cut the autumn water and peel the spring onions with your fingers." (Case: There are also people who use "autumn water" to describe men's eyes, such as Li He's "Tang Children's Song": "A pair of pupils can cut the autumn water.") But the author here uses his meaning instead, saying that water is the waves flowing across the eyes and the peaks of the eyebrows on the mountain. The beauty of gathering is not only to innovate and come up with unique ideas, but also to use empathy to turn ruthlessness into emotion, so that the mountains and rivers that are originally indifferent to human affairs can also intervene in the farewell scene and be moved by the departure of friends.
The two sentences "I want to ask a traveler" are still based on the "eyebrows", and the writing is flexible and the language is novel. "The place where the eyebrows are full" not only refers to the beautiful landscape of the friend's hometown, but also reminds people of the mood of the friend's wife and concubines leaning on the railing to look forward to their return. A witty pun, it’s not easy to cast.
After the film, the two sentences "Only to send off the spring home" express the good feelings and farewell: just now "sending off the spring", I was already very sad; now I am "sending you off" again, which is even more sad. From day to day, the two knew each other and were separated from each other. How could their love be so embarrassing? However, the author deliberately spoke lightly and did not reveal anything.
The two sentences "If you go to the south of the Yangtze River" are another whim, telling friends that if they can catch the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, they must wish the spring scenery together with the spring scenery.
Commentary
"Collection of Appreciation of Tang and Song Poems": Poetry is about love. This little poem touches the readers' heartstrings with the sincere emotions it expresses.
There is no need to question the title. Its healthy sentiment, distinctive language and folk song artistic skills absorbed from folk nutrition arouse the readers' sense of beauty and excitement, making it reach the level of excellence in poetry.
"Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu": Wang Zhuke sent Bao Haoran on a tour in eastern Zhejiang, and wrote a long and short sentence: "Water is like a wave in the eye" and so on. Han Zicang wrote a poem to Ge Yaqing in Hailing: "Today a cup of sorrow will be given to you, and tomorrow a cup of sorrow will be given to you. You should follow the spring thousands of miles away, and if you go to Taoyuan to ask for your way back." The poem and the words have the same meaning.
--Quoted from Hui Qiyuan's "Wanyue Ci"
This is a farewell poem. The poem expresses the author's mood when bidding farewell to his friend Bao Haoran with a light and lively style, clever and unique metaphors, and humorous language.
The upper part of the poem focuses on the person. The first two sentences use interesting words and ink to turn the scenery into love language, and turn the natural landscape seen during the farewell into sentimental things. When this friend returned, the mountains and rivers on the road showed special affection for him. Those clear and bright rivers seemed to become the flowing eyes of the people he missed; and the tangled mountains along the way seemed to be their frowning eyebrows. Landscapes have become emotional objects, precisely because of the deep feelings of nostalgia for his friend Bao Haoran on his way home.
The third and fourth sentences point out the purpose of the traveler's trip: his destination is "the place where the eyebrows are full". The four characters "eyes full of eyebrows" have two meanings: one refers to the mountains and rivers in the south of the Yangtze River, which are clear and beautiful, like a woman's beautiful eyebrows and charming eyes; the other refers to the person with full eyebrows and eyes. Therefore, "The place where the eyebrows are full" not only describes the landscape of Jiangnan, but also describes the characters he wants to see. These two sentences describe the deep affection at the time of farewell, but they are not revealed.
The first part describes a friend's journey through the mountains and rivers, implicitly expressing the deep feelings of farewell; the second part expresses his heart directly, writing both the sorrow of separation and the deepest wishes for his friends. Two sentences after the film, a positive point of farewell. The author uses two words of "send" to describe the author's "sad and ecstasy" feeling very deeply. In addition, the author's own home is in Rugao, not far from the Yangtze River, and he cannot return home, making the worry of traveling abroad even more difficult to bear. The last two sentences at the end are the poet's best wishes and instructions to his departed friends while suppressing the deep sadness in his heart: I hope that my friends will live with the beautiful spring scenery after arriving in Jiangnan. These two sentences are contrary to the usual sadness in farewell words, and are written with affection and spirituality.
Wang Zhuo said in "Bi Ji Manzhi" that Wang Guan's works are "astonishing in both their novelty and frivolity". This article is an excellent explanation of the above comments.
I should be the best answer!!!!