The first farewell song was written by Du Mu, and was selected into 300 Tang poems. Du Mu wrote this poem "From Mr Right to Flowers, from Flowers to Downtown Spring City, from Downtown to Beauty", and finally set off Mr Right. Twenty-eight words, handy, really handsome and light. Don't use the word "you (Jun, Qing)" for other lovers; Praise people without a word "female"; Even the words "flower" and "beauty" are absent, and a word can be "romantic". Language is ethereal and beautiful, and your personality is precious. For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry in Station. In addition, Du Mu also wrote a second poem: Farewell to the Second.
original text
Farewell one
Author: Du Mu
13 years of good posture is light, living like a scepter in bud in early February.
In Yangzhou, the spring breeze blows all over Sanli Long Street. With beaded curtains, no one can match her beauty.
To annotate ...
1, cardamom sentence: Yu virgin, later called thirteen-year-old woman cardamom.
Rhyme translation
Good posture, light manners, only thirteen years old, just like beancurd flowers in bud in early February.
I can't compare with the little beauty in Shili Long Street in Yangzhou City who rolled up the bead curtain to sell makeup.
Comment and analysis
These two poems were written by the poet Yamato when he left Yangzhou for Chang 'an in the ninth year (835). For more appreciation of Tang poetry, please pay attention to the 300 columns of Tang poetry in Station.
The first song focuses on its beauty and praises her as the first beautiful singer in Yangzhou. The first sentence describes the girl's posture, full of youthful charm; The second sentence compares people to flowers and writes that she is petite and beautiful; In a few words, there are many beautiful women in Yangzhou, but she is unique. In terms of technique, the strong and the weak are almost "eternal amber". The language is concise, easy to write, sincere and clear, and heartfelt.
explain
This poem was given by the poet to a good singer. From another poem on the same topic ("affectionate but always heartless"), we have deep feelings for each other. However, that poem focuses on "farewell", but this one focuses on praising each other's beauty and causing farewell. The first sentence describes: "graceful" is a light and beautiful figure, and "thirteen wonders" is a woman's age. There is neither a person nor a noun in the seven words, but it can give readers a complete, vivid and vivid impression and let people witness that beautiful image. Its effect is no less than "if surprised, such as Youlong; Rongqiuju, Huamao Chunsong "(Cao Zhi's Luo Shenfu) as a specific description. The whole poem describes the beauty of women in a positive way. This sentence is still evasive and superficial, and the sentence is really ethereal. In the second sentence, I didn't write about women, but I wrote about spring flowers, obviously comparing flowers with women. Cardamom is produced in the south. When its flowers become spikes, the tender leaves are rolled up, spikes are crimson, leaves are gradually unfolded, flowers are gradually released, and the color is slightly lighter. Southerners pick flowers in bud, which are euphemistically called "flowers with embryos" and are often used to describe virgins. The "early February" cardamom flower is this kind of "pregnant flower", which is used to describe the "thirteen wonders" young singer, and its image is beautiful and appropriate. And those who spend their flowers on the branches trembling with the wind are especially lovely. So "cardamom tip" secretly took care of the word "graceful and restrained". The metaphor here is not only novel, but also very subtle and seems handy. It is not too much to say that people are as beautiful as flowers, and flowers are gorgeous because of people. All metaphors such as "as beautiful as flowers and jade" and "falling in love with the country" will be eclipsed in front of such poems. And Du Mu wrote here, it seems that it is still a beginning, and his talent has not been fully exerted!
At that time, the poet was about to leave Yangzhou, and the object of "farewell" was a Yangzhou geisha he met in the frustrated life of his aides. So the third sentence is "Yangzhou Road". Yangzhou's economic and cultural prosperity in the Tang Dynasty is sometimes called "the second in Yang Yiyi". The phrase "spring breeze" is full of enthusiasm, which renders the wealth and luxury of the metropolis, and makes people see the ten-mile long street full of traffic and flowers. There are many song and dance pavilions here, and beautiful women are like clouds. The "bead curtain" is the scenery of the Song Building. You can see the "high tea" by rolling up the bead curtain. I don't know how many bead curtains there are on Yangzhou Road, and how many beautiful women with red sleeves and green sleeves are under all the curtains, but "it's better to roll a bead curtain"! As who? Who is inferior? There is nothing definite in this poem, but readers can fully understand it. Here, the word "rolling a bead curtain" is unusual, which not only makes the conclusion of "better than nothing" more vivid and convincing; It also spread the prosperous weather of Yangzhou. Poetry highlights a person's beauty by suppressing all the beauty in Yangzhou, which has the effect of stars arching the moon. There is a cloud in the Poems of Saint 'an Temple: "A writer's composition should be strong in this respect and weak in that respect, which is called' respecting the topic'." Du Mu's rhetoric here is "respect the topic". However, due to the wonderful metaphor of the first two sentences, the writing of "strong and weak" here is natural and wonderful.
Du Mu wrote this poem "From Mr Right to Flowers, from Flowers to Downtown Spring City, from Downtown to Beauty", and finally set off Mr Right. Twenty-eight words, handy, really handsome and light. Don't use the word "you (Jun, Qing)" for other lovers; Praise people without a word "female"; Even the words "flower" and "beauty" are absent, and a word can be "romantic". Language is ethereal and beautiful, and your personality is precious.
Brief introduction of the author
Du Mu (803- 852), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, Han nationality, Mu Zhi, a layman in Fan Chuan, a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), was the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. Tang Wenzong Yamato entered the Jinshi in the second year and was awarded the title of proofreader of Hong Wen Museum. Later, I went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, turned to Huainan to observe the envoys, and then entered the envoys. Edited by the History Museum, catering department, Bibi department and Si Xun were appointed as foreign ministers, while Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu were appointed as secretariat. Finally, the official came to Zhongshu Sheren. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, especially famous for his seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems.
Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, including poetry, prose and ancient prose. He advocated that all works should be based on meaning, supplemented by qi, defended by words and sentences, and had a correct understanding of the relationship between content and form of works. And it can absorb and melt the strengths of predecessors and form its own special style. In poetry creation, Du Mu is as famous as Li Shangyin, another outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and is called "Little Du Li". Influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, his classical poems have a wide range of themes and strong brushwork. His modern poems are famous for their beautiful words and ups and downs. The seven-law "Early Wild Goose" expresses the nostalgia for the people in the northern frontier displaced by the Uighur invasion, and it has a graceful and lingering taste. "Ascending the Mountain in Nine Days" writes his broad-minded mind in a bold style, but it also contains deep sadness. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty is gorgeous and dense, and Du Mu is influenced by the atmosphere of the times and also pays attention to the use of words. This tendency of rhetoric is combined with his personal characteristics of "heroic and heroic", which is elegant, magnificent and exquisite.
Chinese-English translation
Farewell (1)
Du Mu
13 years of good posture is light, living like a scepter in bud in early February.
In Yangzhou, the spring breeze blows all over Sanli Long Street. With beaded curtains, no one can match her beauty.
Parting I
Du Mu
She is slim and soft, not yet fourteen years old.
The tender tip of cardamom bud.
I traveled three miles on Yangzhou Road in the breeze.
Every pearl screen is open. But there is no one like her.