I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.
This song "Jinse" is Li Shangyin's masterpiece. With its obscure meaning and hazy artistic conception, it attracts poetry critics, commentators and poets of past dynasties to try to uncover its mysterious veil again and again. From Liu Fang and Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty to the modern master Zhou, according to the teaching reference books, there are more than 100 interpreters and nearly a dozen important different theories. Facing the beautiful, confusing poetic realm and a lot of opinions, it is inevitable to be dazzled at first, but if you look carefully, you will find that the confusion and similarity in painting can be traced. Many different views are actually different feelings and associations caused by the rich connotations and hints of poetry itself among different readers. If we follow the clues provided by the poet, find out its theme and tone, and synthesize various theories (love theory, mourning theory, hurting the world theory, poetry creation theory, etc.). ), we may be able to get closer to the true nature of this poem and have a more practical understanding of its poetic purpose without castrating its rich connotation.
Generally speaking, there are many narrative and direct lyrical elements in the beginning and end of a metrical poem, and the theme of the whole article is often rich in it, sometimes even clearly pointed out. The couplets of chin and neck often express the theme, and the image density is relatively high. In Li Shangyin's Jinse, the first couplet evokes "thinking about the New Year" with the shape of "fifty strings" and the sad sound of "one string and one column" (that is, one string and one column), and the last couplet responds to the word "thinking" with "remembering success" and arouses the feeling of thinking about the New Year with "melancholy", thus clearly telling people that this poem This kind of melancholy has a wide connotation, which can cover the poet's grief and even love, and is also closely related to the poet's unfortunate life experience and sentimental poetry creation. For Li Shangyin, a poet with a bleak life experience and a lonely situation, "deliberately hurting spring to save parting" may be multifaceted. Jinse can not only be regarded as a symbol of the poet's bleak life experience, but also as a vivid metaphor of his sentimental life experience, as he said in the poem "Let the East Palace Drunk and Work": "A good name makes a beautiful life experience." Of course, according to the author's poems, such as "I learned that it was a good day and I was surrounded by the golden harp" ("Fishing on the Moon") and "When I returned, I was better than the golden harp" ("Song in the Room"), I think that the golden harp is related to missing my wife, and it can also coexist with the above understanding, because the sad sound played by the golden string column already contains the sound of sadness and joy.
"I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." Jinse's "Fifty Strings" is not only a real writing (generally speaking, ancient musical instruments are fifty strings, and later there are different musical instruments such as twenty-five, seventeen strings), but also a virtual writing. The poet's association of Fifty Strings with the past events of the Chinese New Year may be related to the poet's approximate age at that time (Zhang Caitian's Notes on Yu Xisheng's Chronicle holds that this poem was written when the poet was abandoned in Zhengzhou due to illness, at the age of 47. "For no reason" means for no reason, for no reason, including feelings such as fear, resentment and helplessness. The poet's interest in touching things was originally due to the stagnation of inner feelings. Instead, I think things are intended to annoy him, so I can't help complaining and saying "unprovoked" can be described as "unreasonable". "Every flower has a youthful interval", similar to Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip, the strings are covered with the sound of willow and pipa, as if telling us the pain of her life. That is to say, when I hear the plaintive wails played on the strings and columns of Jinse, I can't help but feel my own life experience and immerse myself in the memories of China's demise. In the year of China, that is, beautiful youth, He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Who is the year of Jin Sehua?" Yuan Hao, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, asked, "Beauty, Jin Se, complain about the New Year!" (On Thirty Poems), that's all. The first two sentences are a general hint of the content and expression of the collar-and-neck couplets, indicating that they describe the musical realm played by the strings and columns of Jinse, and are also the poet's sincere feelings about the life situation he experienced when thinking about China.
Turn couplet with Zhuangzi dream butterfly allusions, "Zhuangzi? The theory of everything: "In the past, Zhuang Zhou's dream was a butterfly, lifelike and metaphorical. I don't know, Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I don't know if Zhou's dream is a butterfly, but is the butterfly's dream Zhou He? "The story of Zhuang Zhoumeng Butterfly itself is full of unpredictable and confusing colors, and when the poet uses this story, it highlights the word' mystery'." Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies "is Zhuang Sheng's dream of being fascinated by butterflies. The word "ecstasy" not only describes the dreaminess, but also describes the emptiness and disillusionment after waking up. From the perspective of describing the musical realm, this confusing situation is dreamy and confusing. From the perspective of expressing the poet's China calendar and life experience, it symbolizes dreamlike life experience and pursuit, disillusionment and confusion. In other poems, poets have used dreams many times to describe the change of life experience and the disillusionment of ideals, and some even directly use the allusion of dreaming butterflies, such as "What else does an angel have in life except dreams" (Untitled), "Pity me for dreaming butterflies in autumn" (Pan Wei won't wait until the same year in the water period), and "Sleeping on butterflies and leaving them" (Night Thinking about Autumn Moon), which can all be related to "The Moon". To say "Meng Xiao" means that its disillusionment is fast. Unfortunately, the theory of bereavement involves the story of Zhuangzi's wife's death because of the story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly, to prove that this sentence contains the pain of bereavement. Of course, the disillusionment of a short and beautiful dream could have included the pain of mourning, because the latter is an integral part of the poet's absurd tragic life experience.
Couplets use hope to standardize Du Fu's allusions. According to legend, the monarch of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty was Du Yu. Later, he retired from Zen, unfortunately died, his soul turned into a bird, crowed in late spring, and even bled in his mouth. The voice is sad and touching, named Du Fu. Spring generally refers to the yearning for love, but also can be compared to the pursuit of good things. The "spring heart" here is linked with Du Fu's mourning, which actually contains the meaning of hurting and hating spring. In Li Shangyin's poems, hurting spring refers to worrying about the country and the people, hurting time and sentimental life experience. The so-called "eternal change of heart, though broken, is not as good as hurting spring" (Qujiang), "Creative farewell to hurting spring" (Du Sixun) and "Nothing happened in my life, but I hurt myself in spring" (Qinghe) can all be used as evidence. "Wang Chunxin's cuckoo crow" shows a picture shrouded in sadness: it symbolizes that cuckoo has turned into a ghost. In the wailing of blood and tears, there is an endless grievance. This picture, on the one hand, shows the sadness and sadness of the voice, on the other hand, it also means that a person's desire for love and hate (good wishes and feelings of worrying about the country and the people and sentimental life experience when injured) is all entrusted to the sad and broken voice of cuckoo crying blood. The word "entrust" in the sentence, that is, the meaning of "entrust", is the crowning touch of the whole sentence, which not only writes that Du Yuzhi entrusts spring to Du Fu, but also writes that the poet entrusts spring to hate. It implies the nature of those who place their "desire for love", which is really wonderful.
The sentence "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea" on the necklace uses a series of legends and allusions related to pearls. In ancient times, it was thought that the round and short of the mussel spider in the sea corresponds to the moon's profit and loss, the full moon is full of pearls, and the moon is short of pearls, so it is called "sea moon". In ancient times, there was a legend that Jiao Ren in the South China Sea turned tears into pearls when he cried (see Natural History), so "pearls" and "tears" were linked here. And the whole sentence implicitly uses the allusion of "the pearl of the sea" The pearl in the sea, originally a rare treasure, is now left by collectors and becomes a "teardrop" in the vast sea reflected by the bright moon, which is a metaphor for buried talents. New Tang book? Di Zhuan: "(Jie) cited the Ming Classics, transferred Bianzhou to join the army, and falsely accused officials. Yan was called to ask, his talent is different. He thanked him and said, "Zhong Ni said he knew benevolence. You can be described as a pearl left from the sea." "This picture of the sea and the moon, like pearls and tears, is not only a description of Jinse's lonely and miserable artistic conception, but also a metaphor for the poet's lonely life experience of being abandoned and unable to serve the world. "The pearl has tears" seems unreasonable, but it is obvious that the personalized Canghai legacy pearl is sad and lonely inside. Although this sentence and "looking to the emperor" belong to the category of bitterness, the sentence "looking to the emperor" is almost sad because of the cuckoo's tears of blood, while the sentence "sea" is lonely because of the sea and moon, and the artistic conception is still different, and the meaning is even less important.
"Lantian is breathing their jade against the sun", the next sentence of the neck couplet depicts the beautiful jade buried in Lantian Mountain, and under the bright reflection of warm days, plumes of light smoke rise. Lantian Mountain, located in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, is a famous jade producing area. In the late Tang Dynasty, the empty map "Ji Pu" said: "Dai Rong said:' The poet's scenery, such as the warm Lantian, is close at hand and should not be placed in front of him. "From the Dai language quoted by Si Kongtu, it is inferred that' Lantian is warm, good jade produces smoke' is a popular symbol at that time, referring to the scene of' not showing your eyes'. The artistic conception of Li Shangyin's music here is ethereal and hazy, like the light smoke rising from lantian jade Mountain in the warm sun, if something is pointed out, it is close at hand; It is also used to symbolize the realm that a person yearns for and pursues all his life. Just like "Lantian is breathing his own jade against the sun", it is just out of reach and belongs to the realm of emptiness. Similar realm and feelings often appear in Li Shangyin's other poems. For example, sentences such as "It's far away from Puwai, and there is a slight noise in the smoke" (if any), "How to make a snowy moon and a bright night, and be on the 12th floor of Yaotai" (untitled), "I am in a trance, and I am still depressed" (I dreamed with scholar Wang Zheng after listening to the rain on July 28th) are all connected with the sentence "Lantian". Or think that this sentence means that Meiyu is buried underground and unknown, but its brilliance cannot be hidden. It is a metaphor. Although it has been abandoned, the China color of the word is exposed to the world. It is not unreasonable to say that it is in line with the previous sentence, "The passage of time leaves tears".
The last couplet is a summary of "every flower is the interval of youth". "This realm" refers to the situation summarized by Qin Hejing Erlian, that is, various realms of his own tragic life experience. "Being able to cure" means what to cure and what to cure. The meaning of two sentences is: Why are you at a loss when you hear about the various situations experienced during the Chinese New Year today? At that time, it was already disconsolate and melancholy. The word "melancholy" sums up all the feelings of "thinking about China", including all the feelings of confusion, sadness, loneliness and fantasy. As for what to remember, the mourning at that time not only emphasized the sadness of the past during the New Year, but also set the past and the present against each other, doubling the unbearable sadness recalled today. If we say that the two couplets of chin and neck are the time imagination when hearing Jinse playing and the sad sound from the bottom of my heart corresponding to the sound of the piano, then the final couplet is the disappointment after playing. The sad voice of Jinse is over, but in the silence, there is still a boundless melancholy, echoing a long and sad aftertaste-"How can so many silks be like words? I am sad for the eternal love in the world!"
This is an elegy of life played by an ambitious and talented poet when he recalled the tragic death of his youth. With the help of poetic language and imagery, the whole poem transforms various artistic conceptions (psychedelic, sad, ethereal and ethereal) played by Jinse into vivid pictures (Zhuang Sheng dreaming of butterflies, cuckoo weeping for blood, tears leaving pearls, Lantian cooking smoke), so as to describe his various life situations and feelings in China years and convey his confusion, sadness, silence and embarrassment when thinking about China. Therefore, it has three meanings: the artistic conception of music, the image of the picture and the image of poetry. Because of the integration and unity of these multiple hints, the connotation is vague, abstract and hazy, which is easy to arouse readers' association in many aspects. However, these ambiguous symbolic pictures are subject to the general themes of "thinking about China" and "disconsolate". Therefore, some specific differences in readers' feelings and understanding do not affect the overall grasp of the poet's tragic life experience and sense of loss.
This is my favorite and most emotional song ~ ~