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Pre-Qin Dynasty: Song Yu
King Xiang of Chu visited Lantai Palace, and Song Yujing served. The wind suddenly came, and Wang Nai patted him with his skirt and said, "Come on, the wind! What am I doing with Shu Ren? " Song Yu said to him: "This is the only king's ear. Shu Ren has won peace and won peace!"
Wang Yue said, "He who has the wind of a husband is the spirit of heaven and earth, and he comes free, regardless of his position. How can I say that my son thinks I am alone? " Song Yu said to him, "I heard from the teacher that there is not a word of truth in the story. If it is entrusted by people, the atmosphere will be different. "
The King of Qi said, "If the husband's wind is the beginning, then it will be safe." Song Yu said to him: "The husband's wind was born in the ground and began at the end of the green apple. Invasion of the valley, anger at the mouth of the soil bag. The fate of Mount Tai lies in dancing, wandering and being angry under the pine and cypress. Thunder, go back to the wrong point. Cutting trees depends on cutting stones, and Lin Mang is killed on the tip. Until it will decline, it will be dismantled by Li, punched and moved, and it will be revived and scattered. So, when it is cool and magnificent, it floats and lifts. Take Gaolingcheng and enter the deep palace. Arriving in China, leaves and vibration, wandering between cinnamon peppers, soaring in the water, Haruki. Will hit the essence of hibiscus. Hunting grass, being close to the new, being fattened by Yang, returning to the cave to rush to the mausoleum, depression. Then wander the atrium, go north to Yutang, join Luo Zhuang, and cross the bridal chamber, which is the wind of kings. Therefore, it is a person in the wind, straight and sad, cool and cool. Clear and clear, the more sick you are, the more you can analyze your illness, the more you can invent your eyes and ears, and the better you can do. This so-called the glory of the king is also. "
The king said, "It's good to talk about things! How can you smell the wind in Shu Ren? " Song Yu said to him, "The wind in Shu Ren suddenly blew from the mean streets. It raised dust, made people feel depressed and slammed the door. Shaking sand, blowing dust, miserable and rotten, evil is thinner than an urn. As for the room. Therefore, they are people in the wind, straight and gloomy, wet and cold, people in the center, and people who are sick and hot. The middle lip is scorpion, the eyes are scorpion, and coughing will kill you. This so-called Shu Ren female wind also. "
Make an appreciative comment
There is no life in the wind, and there is no distinction between men and women, but it is a fact that the air in the palace is fresh and the air in the slums is dirty. The author's perception of wind is different from hearing, sight and smell, and vividly describes the difference between "masculine style" and "female wind", reflecting the world difference between emperors and poor people. The former is arrogant and extravagant, while the latter is miserable and sad. Satire is included in the description and is intended to imply.
The emperor lived in seclusion in the deep palace and had a superior living environment. The violent wind entered the deep palace of the high city, and it has already become a cool and healing wind. The people who live in poor alleys and caves have a bad living environment and no protection. The wind is invading wantonly, but they are helplessly affected by the wind. As pointed out in the article, "once a hook comes to the nest, there is no wind tunnel, and the trustee is also different." Because of different living conditions, we feel different about the wind. The wind brought enjoyment to the emperor and disaster to the poor. Whether it is Song Yu's gag, amusing the emperor or subtle irony, the feelings of happiness and misfortune brought by the wind to people of different conditions are objective.
From the beginning of the article, "listen to the teacher: anecdotes spread to the nest, groundless." If it is entrusted, the atmosphere will be different. "For the first paragraph. Based on the dispute between "male style" and "female style", this paper puts forward the argument that national spirit brings people different feelings.
The second paragraph discusses the formation and origin of the wind, and the process from weak to strong, from strong to weak, until it enters the palace and becomes a breeze, floating around to absorb the essence of everything and then bringing it to the emperor for enjoyment. Before entering the city, the furious wind floated like a breeze, climbed the city wall and entered the deep palace, shaking the leaves of China and wandering among the fragrant trees, looking for their fragrance; Picking hibiscus fragrance in Linchi; Water swept away the grass; Split Qin Heng, wave magnolia flowers to grab the fragrance, put on poplars to collect the tender fragrance, and then stroll in the atrium with spiced flowers, go north to the Jade Palace, and enter the deep palace through layers of curtains. This description is quite vivid, like describing an affectionate and cautious king courtier, carefully modulating the wind that the king needs. The description of the wind here implies the sacred privilege of the emperor's greed and the respect and piety of the courtiers when they serve the emperor. What the emperor got was not natural wind, but carefully modulated service. The enjoyment brought by the wind to the emperor seems to be a panacea. This kind of relaxation and pleasure is like waking up from illness, hearing and seeing, and it is extremely pleasant, which makes the emperor sigh "what a pleasure!" This is the glory enjoyed by emperors. This is also a profile of the emperor's life, revealing the luxury and greed of the emperor's life.
The third syllogism describes the wind in Shu Ren. Suddenly, it started in the blocked roadway, raising dust, screaming like an angry ghost and banging on the door. When this comes, people feel how arrogant and terrible the wind is for the poor! Then roll up sand, blow up ashes, stir up dirty garbage, raise a rancid smell, insert it obliquely into the window made of broken urns, and go straight to the hut. This evil wind runs rampant in the caves of the poor, making them dizzy, depressed, weak and weak, and then they get sick with fever, get aphtha in their mouths, and then get red eye disease in their eyes, and then their mouths twitch, suck, scream and scream, unable to speak, and have a stroke. This is the feminine style in Shu Ren. Through this description, we can deeply feel the poor living environment of the people and feel the difficulties and pains of the people's survival.
Through the majesty of the emperor and the femininity of the poor, we deeply feel that life under the same blue sky is so unequal. The root of this inequality is not natural disasters, but wanton trampling on human rights. Because of the different living environment, masculinity brings unparalleled enjoyment, while female wind brings disaster of wanting to cry.
Creation background
Xiang Wang's father, Wang Huai, is incompetent and willful. He listens to gossip, alienates the virtuous and refuses to tell right and wrong. At first, he was confused by the rhetoric of Zhang Yi, the ambassador of Qin State. Later, he joined Qin State, and later rashly attacked Qin State and lost his land. Finally, he was lured by Zhao Haoqi of Qin State and died in a foreign country. After Wang Xiang ascended the throne, not only did he not change his tune, but he was far from a villain and kissed the virtuous. On the contrary, he stepped up his efforts. As for forgetting your great hatred and marrying Qin, he is more decadent and ignorant. According to Records of the Historian Chu Family, he died in Qin three years later. "In the seventh year, Chu married his wife and went to the State of Qin, and Qin Jun recovered the State of Chu." "In the fourteenth year, the King of Chu and Wan met and got married." "In the sixteenth year, I met Wang Haohui in Yan." "In the nineteenth year, Qin attacked Chu, and the Chu army was defeated and cut Qin. ...... Twenty-one years, General Qin then pulled me out and burned the tomb of my late king. King Xiang of Chu was defeated, so there was a truce and the Northeast was protected in Chen Cheng. " It can be seen that King Xiang of Chu failed to cheer up, shook hands with the enemy who killed his father, and finally suffered a fiasco and even ceded territory and moved the capital. Although the national strength of Chu is declining, Wang Xiang, as a monarch, leads a luxurious and dissolute life. He took his courtiers around for sightseeing, or boarded the platform of the Tang Dynasty, or swam in the Yunmeng Pool, dreaming and forgetting to return (see Song Yu's Gao and Goddess Fu). As a courtier, Song Yu was worried that Wang Xiang would seek pleasure and ignore the decline of the country, so he wrote this article about the wind.