Ancient philosophers and literary critics in China believe that images are abstract and elusive, but images in many ancient literary works are concrete. Modern psychology believes that image is the representation of people's past feelings and perceptual experiences in their minds. As the German philosopher Kant said, image is a perceptual image reconstructed by imagination. "
① In China's ancient poems, many poets love to express their thoughts with images, and the aesthetic consciousness of poets and poets is externalized through images. From their favorite images, we can see the content of the work, the author's aesthetic taste, thoughts and feelings, artistic style and so on.
For example, the fragrant path in the small garden in Yan Shu's works and the sunset in the cuckoo sound in Qin Guan's ci can show the theme of the works, the author's emotion and even his personality. Although it is not always easy to capture images, when reading a work, you can quickly capture the images in the work by carefully understanding the content of the work and trying to figure out the author's mind.
In our poetry appreciation teaching, guiding students to grasp the image of tall buildings is conducive to accurately and effectively grasping the author's feelings and understanding the theme of the works. "Tall building" should be said to be an image that impressed me deeply in the works of poets in Song Dynasty. Appeared in the works of Yan Shu, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi. Although the frequency of appearance is not as high as Sunset, Bright Moon and Willow, it attracts me with its unique personality charm.
The reality of life shows that those who climb high and look far, especially those who lean against buildings and railings, are most likely to arouse parting thoughts, arouse emotions and best express the author's psychological emotions. Climbing a tall building, or facing the water, or hanging high, can refresh you, but it is more likely to cause people a sense of depression and trouble.
Therefore, I think poets love to climb stairs, but they are afraid of climbing stairs. Ouyang Xiu warned in words: "The building is not close to the dangerous building!" Su Shi also sighed deeply: "I regret going upstairs.
Bring up the past. "("Qinyuanchun "), and Wu Wenying's" Mo Deng Lin, a few trees, a tall building in the northwest. "
("High Balcony") Zhang Yan is "arrogant and has the setting sun, but he is afraid to go upstairs." (Ganzhou) clearly shows the poet's attitude towards going upstairs.
This further shows that the image of "tall building" is intriguing and has a unique literary meaning. Below, we will try to take the concrete works of two or three poets as an example to analyze how the literary significance of the image of "tall building" makes people and the author produce an emotional sound.
Butterfly loves flowers, chrysanthemums are sad, and cigarettes are weeping. The curtain is light and cold, and the swallow flies away.
The bright moon doesn't know how to leave sorrow and hate bitterness, and shines obliquely through Zhuhu Lake. Last night, the west wind adjusted the trees, and I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon.
To send colorful stationery and rulers, I don't know where the mountains are long and the waters are wide! This poem was written in late autumn, which vividly shows the loneliness and sadness of the owner who stayed alone in Zhuhu Lake, and embodies the poet's gentle and delicate feelings. The first paragraph of the word is an emotional scene, and the second paragraph is a description of behavior rather than psychology, which shows the hero's strong and irresistible yearning through "looking at the horizon alone in a tall building"
Most scholars believe that Yan Shu, as the Prime Minister of Taiping, has a very superior life, and his works mostly linger on the scene to express his listless works. However, from this poem, we can see that although Yan Shu lived a stable and prosperous life and had an elegant and tolerant attitude towards life, he couldn't help but think of the past, miss his old friend and feel worried after he boarded the tall building alone, all because the independence of the tall building highlighted the situation of a person at that time, and he suddenly felt sad.
Yan Shu was demoted from office three times in his life, and was dismissed from office for the third time until his death, but he was strong and straightforward, just like the broad-minded realm of "looking at the horizon" in the next movie, which made this sad word vaguely reveal some philosophy. If Yan Shu's "high-rise building" only reveals a faint sadness, then Fan Zhongyan's lonely building brings a deep autumn loneliness.
Let's look at Fan Zhongyan's Su Curtain Covering: Su Curtain Covers the sky, yellow leaves, autumn waves and cold smoke. The mountain reflects the setting sun and the sky meets the water, and the grass is ruthless, even outside the setting sun.
Dimfragrance's soul, chasing the thoughts of travel, every night unless, good dreams make people sleep. The bright moon tower is lonely, and the wine turns into sorrow and tears.
As a famous politician in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was loyal, outspoken and bold-minded, so most of his ci poems were broad in artistic conception and distinctive in style, which reflected the poet's broad mind. However, in such an open environment, there is a gloomy figure of the author leaning alone on the tall building.
Between the lines, we can see the author's sadness and homesickness. In the lonely autumn night, in the cold moonlight like water, alone, leaning against a tall building, the building is lonely here, and people are lonely here, and they feel quite appreciate each other.
There is no one to complain about homesickness, so we can only drown our sorrows by drinking, but unexpectedly, "it is even more worrying to drown our sorrows by drinking." The "tall buildings" here are places where wanderers live, but they are also places where stranded people miss home.
In these two poems, the loneliness of the "tall building" leaves feelings for those who climb the building, but in Su Shi's "Water Tune", what kind of feelings does this "tall building" in the sky bring to the author? "I want to go home by the wind, but I am afraid of Qionglou Yuyu. It is too cold at the top." Su Shi's poems greatly improve the quality of Ci, expand the realm of Ci, and show heroic and unrestrained personal character and detached attitude towards life.
Such people also have the sigh of "regret going upstairs" in "Qinyuanchun". Even though he climbed the high-rise building in the sky-Qionglou Yuyu, he was still "unattainable". "The so-called' going home' is the Old Moon Palace, that is, leaving secular interests and disputes and giving up the name of meager profit.
The phrase "because of fear" means that it is too cold and quiet to make up your mind. These explanations show that no matter how extraordinary, you have to face a realistic problem that any official traveler can't avoid-how to treat being an official and retiring, and also show that the cold silence symbolized by "Qionglou Yuyu" is one of the factors that the poet can't decide.
High-rise buildings are naturally cold and lonely, so they are also afraid of going upstairs. It seems that "tall buildings" are really unforgettable images in Song Ci.
For the ancients, the feelings and thoughts aroused when climbing a tall building made people "afraid to climb the building."
2. What poems describe "high-rise buildings"? 1. What is a tall building? Have a safe trip.
2. Dangerous buildings 100 feet high, you can pick up the stars with your hands.
Tall buildings yearn for dusk, and there is rustling rain on the leaves of airplanes.
The moon rises far, so whose house is it?
High-rise buildings live next to each other, and you can hear A Qiang flute in the canal.
6. Tall buildings marked by lights. Exposed tobacco leaves and people's worries.
7. I want to go upstairs to avoid worry. Sorrow still followed me to the tall building.
8. Spring breeze makes tall buildings sad.
9. Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng. I treat them in this villa and drink my wine.
10. Those who are upstairs tonight are tossing and turning and sighing.
1 1. What a tall building. Have a safe trip. -Lu Ji "There are tall buildings in the northwest"
Interpretation: Looking at those towering buildings, there is a feeling of leaving and going far away.
12. The dangerous building is hundreds of feet high, and you can pick the stars with your hands. -Li Bai's Sleeping in the Mountain Temple
Interpretation: How high are the tall buildings of temples on the mountain? People can reach out and pick the stars in the sky.
13. Tall buildings yearn for dusk, and there is rustling rain on the leaves of airplanes. -Yan Shu, "Walking on the beach, there is no wave in the blue sea"
Interpretation: Since people are far away and it is difficult to get through the news, it is a delusion to climb high and look far.
14. The moon rises in the distant sky, so whose house is it? -Yu Wuling's "Tall Buildings"
Interpretation: The bright moon is in the sky in the distance, and I don't know whose tall building lights up.
15. High-rise buildings live next to each other, and Qiangdi is made in the winding canal. -Anonymous "Niannujiao"
Interpretation: I live in a tall building and listen to the music from the flute.
16. Lights trace tall buildings. Exposed tobacco leaves and people's worries. -Yan's "Huanxisha"
Interpretation: Even though there are lights shining on tall buildings every day, I have no one to share my sadness.
17. I want to go upstairs to avoid worry. Sorrow still followed me to the tall building. -Xin Qiji's "Partridge Days, Want to Go Upstairs to Avoid Sorrow"
Interpretation: I want to go to a tall building to avoid my sadness, but this sadness has followed me to the tall building.
18. In spring, the wind rises and the city falls, and the tall buildings are sad. -Du Fu's quatrains
Interpretation: Chengdu martial law, for a time, flags and drums filled the suburbs in spring.
19. Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng, and I am drinking my wine against them in this villa. -Li Bai's Farewell to Minister Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou.
Commentary: Wan sent away flocks of autumn geese. Faced with this scene, they just enjoyed themselves upstairs.
20. Those who are upstairs tonight are tossing and turning and sighing. -Guan Shanyue of Li Bai
Interpretation: On this bright moon night, the wife of Huaifu who is looking at the moon upstairs is also sighing frequently. When will you come back, distant relatives?
3. What are the meanings of tall buildings in ancient poems? Their meanings vary according to the content of the poem. Some refer to rights, kingship, some refer to sad places, some refer to looking up, and some refer to gods.
For example, Li Bai's poem "The dangerous building is 100 feet high, and the hand can pick the stars" means admiration; Yu Mei Xiao Lou, written by Li Houzhu writer Li Yu, expressed his yearning for the land: "Climb the tower alone and look at the horizon". Another example is "the bright moon shines on tall buildings, and the time is falling"; The small building in Lu You's The First Night of Spring Rain in Lin 'an refers to a place of leisure.
The "West Building" often refers to leaving sorrow, which is a place to send away sadness or look at the old country, lover and friends, such as Li Qingzhao's "Nothing to say when going to the West Building alone, the moon is like a hook". Wait a minute.
In short, high-rise buildings have a wide field of vision when climbing, and they can see far away. Its meaning varies with the artistic conception of the poem.
4. "Sleeping in the Mountain Temple" talks about the artistic conception of dangerous buildings in ancient poems.
Tang Libai
The tall buildings of the temple on the mountain are really high, like a hundred feet. People upstairs are like a hand that can pick off the stars in the sky.
Standing here, I dare not speak loudly for fear of disturbing the gods in the sky.
To annotate ...
1. Accommodation: overnight.
2. Dangerous buildings: high-rise buildings refer to temples at the top of the mountain. Danger: high
3 100 foot: Imagined, not real, the building described here is very high.
comment
The high-rise building of the temple on the mountain is really high, it seems to be 100 feet. People can take off the stars and the moon in the sky with one hand upstairs. I dare not speak loudly here, for fear of disturbing the gods in the sky.
Distinguish and appreciate
The first sentence depicts a steep, straight and towering temple building. The word "danger" is eye-catching and eye-catching. The ingenious combination with the word "high" in the same sentence accurately, vividly and vividly depicts the extraordinary momentum of the mountain temple standing on the top of the mountain and dominating the world. The second sentence uses extremely exaggerated techniques to set off towering peaks and temples. Every word leads the reader's aesthetic sight to the splendid night sky of Xinghan. Instead of feeling "too cold at the top", it gives people a broad feeling. The beauty of starry night arouses people's yearning for towering "dangerous buildings".
5. What are the poems praising "high-rise buildings"? 1. Partridges dream of going upstairs to avoid worrying.
Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji
If you want to go upstairs to avoid sadness, sadness will follow me upstairs. After several changes, many relatives and friends have become old friends.
Go find Hugh. Go find Hugh. Don't all adults have to be blocked? The origin of clouds is uncertain. They are as free as clouds.
Interpretation: My heart wanted to see the beautiful scenery upstairs to avoid sadness, but sadness followed me up the tall building. I have gone through several places, and the mountains and rivers have changed beyond recognition. Many relatives and friends have lost their heads. Go home and retire. Go home and rest. Does everyone have to go to the frontier fortress to make meritorious deeds? There is no fixed place for floating clouds. How free I am to come and go, just as I like floating clouds.
The tallest building let me down.
Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji
I was going to get mine back, but my son didn't stop me with his land, so I was scolded.
I am weak, when should I be rich? Wealth is a crisis. I forgot to put up a tent for the time being, so I left the office without rice. Mr. Mu, the county magistrate of Tao, is my teacher.
When the garden is renovated, it will be called "Lao", and even a pavilion will be called "Hao", drinking wine and poetry. How many spoonfuls does a population put for 800 owners of Millennium Farm? Take a rest, not to mention right and wrong!
Interpretation: I asked to resign and retire, and my son refused to resign on the grounds that the real estate was not settled, so I wrote this word to scold my son. I am old and exhausted. How long can my fame and wealth last? What's more, wealth and reputation still lurk crises everywhere. Mu Sheng resigned because the king of Chu was a little lax in etiquette, and Tao Qian left his post and didn't get his salary. Teacher Mu and Teacher Tao Xianling are both teachers I admire very much. After retiring, the abandoned garden must be repaired. "Old Garden" is a suitable name. Build another pavilion and name it "Ye Hao", so that you can drink in your spare time and recite poems when you are drunk. In a thousand years, a piece of land needs 800 owners, and a few rice spoons can be stuffed into a person's mouth. After retiring, I will give up everything. Why say what is right and what is wrong?
3. The tallest building in Baidicheng
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The tip of the city is full of sadness, and it is an independent and ethereal flying building.
Clouds cover the gorge, dragons and tigers lie down, and Jiang Qingri swims with cats.
The west branch of Fusang is against the broken stone, and the weak water flows with the east shadow.
Those who sigh the world with sticks and quinoa burst back into white hair with blood and tears.
Interpretation: Steep mountain cities, rugged paths, and flags inserted at the head of the city are all secretly worried. In such a place, a towering tall building stands alone, looming. Clouds and haze block the continuous canyons, and the mountains are like dragons and tigers lying still; The sun shines on the clear river, and the waves are like floating giants. The branches at the western end of Fusang are far away from the broken rocks in the gorge, and the shadow of weak water from the east is very close to the flowing water of the Yangtze River. Who is the man who sighs the world with crutches? Blood and tears floated in the air, just as I looked back with white hair.
4. Liang Zhu, windowsill, chrysanthemum, sadness, smoke, blue tears and dew.
Song Dynasty: Yan Shu
The threshold chrysanthemum worries about smoke and tears, the curtain is light and cold, and the swallows fly away. The bright moon doesn't know how to leave sorrow and hate bitterness, and shines obliquely through Zhuhu Lake. (Two-way escape: two-way departure, hate and suffering; One-way departure, bitter)
Last night, the west wind withered the trees, and I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon. Want to send colorful stationery and rulers, where do you know?
Interpretation: The chrysanthemum outside the railing in the morning is covered with a layer of sad smoke, and the orchid dew is like a weeping dew. Between the screens, there was a faint chill, and a Shuang Yanzi flew away. Yue Ming didn't understand the pain of parting, and oblique Yin Hui went into Zhuhu Lake until dawn. Last night, the west wind was fierce and dried up the green trees. I climbed the tall building alone and watched the road disappear at the end of the world. I want to send a letter to my lover. But the mountains are endless and the water is endless. I don't know where my sweetheart is.
5. Bodhisattva Linping is a vast place.
Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
The flat forest is misty, and the cold mountain area is compassionate. When the color enters a tall building, someone upstairs is worried.
The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly quickly. Where is the return trip? Long pavilion with short pavilion.
Interpretation: The distant forest is smoky, like a piece of textile, and the mountains in autumn are like a belt, sad and green. Twilight entered the boudoir, and someone was upstairs alone. On the jade steps, looking at the sky stands. The homing bird flew away at the urging of homing. Where is my return trip? Pass the long pavilion, and then pass the short pavilion.
6. Write a poem of 1 about tall buildings. Take the piano to the high building, and the building will be full of empty moonlight. -From the Tang Dynasty
2. Hesitation shows that tall buildings are rising every day. -From Don Zhao Zhiming's Homecoming.
3, high-rise buildings don't last for a hundred years, and they used to be the best. -From Don Joe Zhi Zhi's Green Pearl.
4, always homesick, climbing tall buildings is easier. -Excerpted from Don Li Jiuling's "Going upstairs to see you off"
There are tall buildings in the northwest, which are flush with the clouds. -from the Han dynasty, anonymous "there are tall buildings in the northwest"
6, life is embarrassing, and drinking wine to climb the stairs. -Excerpted from Tang Li Bai's Liang Yuan Yin.
7, climbing stairs at dusk, who pity small hands. -From two poems about spring by Don Ayla Zhang.
8. The bright moon shines on tall buildings, and the time is falling. -From Wei and Jin Dynasties, Cao Zhi's "Tall Buildings and Bright Moon"
9. On a rainy night, camels sing far away, and lonely people in homesickness lean against tall buildings. -"Suizhou Zuo" quoted from Zhuang.
The poem in the middle "Tall Buildings"
1, high-rise buildings talk about hope, and a river is flat. —— Excerpted from Song Kouzhun's "Spring is Empty"
2. There are towering buildings and Bai Yutang. -from Tang Li Bai's Twelve Ancient Imitations.
3, welcome the spirit for the gentleman to drink, the horse tower hangs willow. -From Wei's Journey of Four Boys.
4. The tall building overlooks and the sun shines. -from Tang Yu's "Ancient Banquet Song"
5, the tall building is late, and the song is not audible. -from don Xu Xuan's Vernal Equinox.
6. Those who are upstairs tonight are tossing and turning and sighing. -from Guan Shanyue by Tang Li Bai.
7. A tall building overnight is the heart of Wan Li's hometown. -Excerpted from Tang Bai Juyi's "Jiang Lou Wen Anvil"