1, understand the meaning. Including time, place, people, events, environment and so on, these factors determine the tense and intention of a composition.
2. Plot laying. Everyone is the same, so the design of the plot is particularly important.
A picture composition should not only write what you see in the picture, but also write some of your own imagination, including the psychological activities of the characters in the picture, the story background and so on. Clever plot design can often add a lot of color to an article. 3. Word count control.
Looking at pictures, I often disapprove of too many words, which are basically around 500-600 words. As long as the article is vivid and the events are specific enough to show the content of the picture, it is considered successful.
4. Grab the buckle. This is the last point.
Generally speaking, a composition that looks at pictures will not deviate from the center. However, maybe the center you see is not equal to the center that the picture really wants to express, so you need to try to figure it out.
2. How to write a composition with pictures? When writing a composition with pictures, you should pay attention to the following points: 1, and know the meaning of pictures, including time, place, people, events, environment, etc. It determines the tense and thought of the article. 2. Plot laying. Everyone's picture is the same, so plot design is particularly important. A composition with pictures, don't just write what you see on the picture. Including the psychological activities of the characters in the picture, the background of the story and so on. Clever plot design can often add a lot of color to an article. 3. Word count control. Picture composition often disapproves of too many words, which are basically around 500-600 words. As long as the article is vivid and the event is specific enough to show the content of the picture, it is considered successful. 4. Grasp the topic. This is the last point. Generally speaking, a picture composition will not succeed.
3. The method of composition is mainly to cultivate students' observation, imagination and expression ability.
The author believes that teaching must be guided patiently, requiring students to determine the center first on the basis of observing the pictures, and then describe the contents of the pictures in detail around the center. When I instruct students to write this type of composition, I mainly proceed from the following four aspects.
First, guide the picture, grasp the center of picture composition, the picture is the composition material, and the picture becomes the basis of composition. So, first let the students look at the pictures, let them master the main contents of the pictures, determine the center of the article, and then write a composition.
How to guide students to look at pictures? The author thinks: first, from the overall point of view, make clear what time and place is painted on the screen, what is painted, who is doing what, etc. , and roughly understand the meaning of the picture, master the basic content; Secondly, observe and analyze each part of the picture, so as to clearly understand the relationship between the characters and each part and grasp the main content of the picture; Thirdly, grasp the key points and details, and observe and imagine deeply. Only when students understand the meaning of pictures can they grasp the central idea of the article well in menopause.
Otherwise, no matter how the article is written, it does not meet the basic requirements of graphic composition. Second, hierarchical observation, structural description of the picture composition. Like proposition composition, we must have clear thinking and rigorous structure.
An article, what to write first, what to write later, and how to organize materials are closely related to observing and analyzing things. So first of all, we should observe the picture in layers.
For example, what to look at first, what to look at later, from top to bottom or from bottom to top, from left to right or from left to right, from whole to part or from part to whole and so on. Look at the picture, observe it in a certain reasonable order, and then put it on paper, and the article will be organized.
It is very important to choose the right observation point, because only by observing in layers can it be convenient to sort out the composition order. All kinds of pictures are different, some should be written according to the spatial order of things, some should be written according to the development order of things, and some should be written according to the categories of things.
In short, as long as the observation angle is correctly selected according to the actual situation depicted in the picture, the written composition will be organized. Third, stick to pictures and reasonably associate pictures. After all, the picture is a plane, and it is impossible to contain the space-time content of things.
Therefore, reasonable association needs to rely on rich imagination. In teaching, students should be guided to add people or things related to life that they have experienced and understood to the picture according to the content in the picture, so as to fill the content that is not shown in the picture due to the limitation of time and space. These contents do not come out of thin air, but are closely related to image analysis.
So the foundation of association is the picture itself. In addition, when we guide students to play association, we should be good at going from this to that, from static to dynamic, from drawing sound, from outside to inside, from front to back.
Reasonable association is an important aspect of reading pictures, but it is by no means a daydream. Be close to the picture, reasonable, neither divorced from the picture nor bizarre. Fourth, we should grasp the key points and describe them properly. As we know, every article expresses the central idea through the description of the key content.
Only by writing the key contents concretely and vividly can we highlight the central idea and be vivid and touching. How to describe it? The author believes that: first of all, we must grasp the key points.
For example, the picture composition "Happy Festival" in unit 10 of primary school Chinese textbook focuses on the scene of a mother trying on new clothes for her children on the morning of the festival, reflecting the happy life of Mongolian people and the happy mood during the festival. Secondly, it is necessary to properly describe the characters' clothes, posture, movements, expressions and psychological activities.
The author believes that the teaching of composition by looking at pictures must work hard on the key issue of stimulating and cultivating students' observation and imagination. Through the teaching of picture composition, students' keen observation, rich imagination and creative thinking are further developed.
This is the basis of my teaching. Think twice refers to the three stages, or three steps, in the process of speaking and writing with pictures.
The first step: think about it; The second step: Lenovo; Step 3: Think. Because every step has the word "think", it is called three thoughts.
After several years of experimental research, it is proved that this is a good way to improve students' expression ability. The first step is to guide students to think and think. In the teaching of speaking and writing with pictures, teachers guide students to observe and understand the relationship between the overall content of pictures and the contents of each part, and then find out the content and clues from pictures, which is thinking.
The thinking stage can be divided into four teaching steps: introducing new lessons, proposing teaching objectives, fulfilling the first teaching requirement and fulfilling the second teaching requirement. 1. Introduce the new lesson.
Below, taking "Ningning's sewing kit" (the speech of basic training five in the third volume of nine-year compulsory education and five-year primary school Chinese) as an example, let's talk about how we design the teaching of new curriculum introduction. The teacher said, "Today we continue to practice oral English. Please open your books and read the requirements of this training. "
After the students read it, the teacher asked, "How many steps are there to teach, speak and write by looking at pictures?" The student replied: "The teaching of reading, speaking and writing is divided into three steps. The first step is to think about it; The second step is association; The third step is to think about it. "
2. Put forward the teaching objectives. The teacher shows the teaching goal of this step while asking questions: look at the picture, understand the content of the picture and the relationship between the picture and the picture, tell what is drawn on the picture according to the four elements of division, and find out the clues and contents of speaking and writing from the picture.
Then this teaching goal is decomposed into two teaching requirements: the first teaching requirement is to tell the meaning of the picture in a general way according to the four elements of division; The second teaching requirement is to find out the pictures that need to be associated from the pictures, that is, the contents and clues to write. 3. Complete the first teaching requirement.
According to the four elements, the meaning of the picture is summarized. The four elements refer to time, place, people and things. Let's take "Sweeping Snow" in Basic Training 8 in the third volume of Chinese for Primary Schools (PEP 1995) as an example (the same below).
First of all, put forward teaching requirements: look at the picture carefully and ask students to say what is drawn in the picture according to the four elements. Students can also answer the following four questions one by one: ① What is the picture?
4. Look at the pictures and write a composition. How to write a good picture composition can be single or multiple, but looking at pictures is the premise of writing. Look at the picture and think in order, or from top to bottom and from bottom to top; Or from far and near, from near and far; Or from the middle to the periphery; Or from people to scenery, from scenery to people. Think about what is drawn on the picture, and first have a general understanding of the main content expressed in the picture. Then look at the picture carefully, understand the environment and place where things happen, and analyze the time when things happen from the scenery and the clothes of the characters. Carefully observe the clothes and figures of the characters and think about their identity, age and occupation; Observe the movements of the characters carefully and think about what they are doing and how to do it; Observe the expressions of the characters carefully and think about their thoughts and feelings. Then think about what the whole painting shows and what the purpose of the painting is. Finally, write an outline according to the meaning of the picture. A single narrative picture only shows part of one thing. In addition to the methods mentioned above, you should also learn to imagine what will happen before and what will change in the future from the content of a picture, and pay attention to writing the beginning and end. If there are multiple pictures, pay attention to the connection between them. Pay attention to things that don't appear in the above picture, such as what new characters have appeared and what changes have taken place. Even if it is the same picture, we should pay special attention to the subtle changes in the picture, such as the movements and expressions of the characters and the changes in the weather. To understand the development and changes of things. Read them one by one, and then read them again in succession, so that things on the screen can happen, develop and result. Make a complete impression in your mind, then list the outline according to the main meaning of each picture, highlight the key points, pay attention to the details, and don't use force evenly in each picture. The narrative description of each picture should be coherent and interrelated, and should not be a pictorial explanation. The picture of reading and writing is static and monotonous We should make the still picture move through careful observation and reasonable imagination, so as to enrich the monotonous picture, such as making the scenery colorful through psychological activities. The method of writing words by looking at pictures can be simply summarized as twelve words: sequential observation, trying to express and reasonable imagination.
5. Look at the picture and write a composition in the second grade: whose method is good? One day, Uncle Elephant assigned a task: Let the bear, pig and monkey try to transport some wood back to the forest farm.
When he came to the forest farm, the bear thought that he had the greatest strength. He picked up the long log and left. The little pig saw it and thought, "Little bear's strength is so great! I don't have that much strength, but my nose is hard and I can walk on wood.
This time, let my nose work! "So the pig was desperate to arch the wood. At this time, the little monkey still didn't start work.
He saw the bear carrying the wood, and after a few steps, he was tired and sweaty. Then he watched the pig arch around, panting. Seeing this scene, the little monkey thought, "What can be done easily and laboriously?" Suddenly, it found a small river beside it. It rolled its eyes, patted its forehead and shouted, "Good!" "I saw the little monkey find a hemp rope, tie one end of the wood and push it into the water. The wood slowly drifted downstream along the river, and the little monkey just walked deep into the forest, humming while holding the rope.
Finally, the little monkey brought out more and faster wood, which was praised by uncle elephant. Everyone gave a thumbs-up and praised the little monkey for his brains. Its method is the best.
6. What does the teaching of reading and writing teach? What should be taught to students in the teaching of reading pictures and writing? I think we should guide them from the following aspects. First, focus on the whole-teaching students to master the correct order of observation is the premise of writing well, and teaching students to master the order of looking at pictures from the whole to the part and then to the whole, thus forming an accurate understanding of the contents of pictures. Writing with pictures usually includes two kinds: single picture and multiple pictures. Observe a single picture, and focus on letting students see who, where and when the people in the picture are drawing, and what or how the people in the picture are doing. First form the overall impression, then grasp the details and observe carefully, and finally return to the overall picture to write words coherently. For the observation of multiple pictures, we should first browse all the pictures to find out what several pictures describe together, then observe what each picture is, and finally connect all the pictures to express the overall idea in a few simple sentences. From then on, students will feel that the picture is no longer isolated and monotonous, but an interesting "cartoon city", willing to look at the picture and appreciate the people and things in it. Second, grasp the details-teach students to master scientific observation methods. Generally, define the topic or give sentence hints according to the picture scene, and teach students to determine the observation angle according to the topic or suggestive keywords, and grasp the details that can best highlight the meaning of the topic. Including the unique environment, the movements and demeanor of specific "characters" in the picture, and the relationship between them. For in-depth observation. In observation and guidance, teachers should emphasize the analysis of details, avoid the average exertion, pay attention to stimulating students' interest in reading, speaking and writing with interesting details, and guide students to appreciate observation like watching cartoons, so as to achieve the effect of never getting tired of reading and getting more interesting. Because of different life experiences, students' interest points in observation are obviously different. But as long as they can appreciate the fun of looking at pictures, students will explore their new discoveries according to their own personality, which will make reading pictures and writing more colorful. Third, static pictures will become "animation"-teaching students to associate rationally and develop their thinking. The picture is static, and the content of the performance is jumping, just like a specific shot in a film and television work. There are some omitted blank contents between different parts of the picture and between pictures. Even if the main characters in the picture only describe actions and gestures, they can't directly describe the related internal psychological activities. In teaching, properly using these gaps to train students' imagination ability can not only enrich students' thoughts, but also help to cultivate students' habit of imperceptibly observing things in daily life. In the primary stage of reading pictures and writing words in lower grades, multimedia can be used to make animated demonstrations of pictures. Or, if necessary, organize students to perform a situational drama according to the picture, so that still images can be vividly displayed in students' minds like cartoons, thus inspiring students' imagination and making the picture convey more information. Bon voyage-teaching students self-education, happy writing "as if they were human" reveals the relationship between composition and being a person, and the process of students' writing based on pictures is based on the content of pictures. Teachers should combine the psychological process of self-construction and self-improvement with the existing experience, and consciously use the teaching of writing words by looking at pictures to guide students to achieve potential self-education goals. After students have mastered the correct observation methods, they should set aside enough time for independent observation and imagination, and then organize various forms to look at pictures and talk, so as to pull students into the realm of unity of pictures and people with relaxed and happy emotional experience and turn the picture content into a process of students' spiritual understanding. In teaching, first of all, students talk to themselves, constantly enriching and developing their own ideas, then talk to each other at the same table, inspire and improve each other, and finally make a creative speech by name, so that teachers and students can improve their comments. Teachers' comments should focus on stimulating students' desire to express, encouraging more and denying less. When students master their ideas and are full of happy mood after talking, let them write down what they said and write down their own words.
7. The way to write by looking at pictures in the sixth grade exam is to write articles by looking at pictures or photos. In order to make the article accurately reflect the meaning of the picture, it can not be ignored to see the picture clearly. To see the picture clearly, one must have a global view, see the whole picture and observe it step by step. The second is to observe the background and characters. For example, the background of the picture reflects how the scene and vision cooperate, and what is their relationship with the characters on the picture; And the figure, age and activities of the characters. The third is to observe the details. (such as facial expressions, costumes, utensils, etc.). ). Painting is like this, and so is composition with pictures. The most important thing is to be good at seeing the details on the screen and thinking about the purpose of the author's painting these details. The fourth is to understand the author's creative intention. Accurately grasp the theme of a painting, and you can write well by looking at the picture. In this way, we should carefully understand the author's creative intention: what does he (she) advocate and oppose in the painting? What do you praise and criticize? What does he want to explain? How do you integrate your intentions into the picture?
Pictures only depict "instantaneous" scenes in life. Writing with pictures is to develop a reasonable imagination, draw out the dynamics from the static state, write the process from an "instant", make the picture move, let the people in the picture move, and let the things in the picture move. How to cultivate a reasonable imagination by looking at the picture composition? Looking at the composition of the picture and developing a reasonable imagination, we can use the method of "looking forward and looking back" to think about what the scene before and after this painting is; What the people in the photo were doing before and what they will do in the future. It is unreasonable to abandon the content of the picture to think. Reasonable imagination, we should boldly combine our own life reality and put ourselves in the shoes. Suppose you are the person in the picture, what would you do and think at this moment? Doing so can enrich the content of the picture.