During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, many vassal states had their own treasures. According to the "Warring States Policy", "Zhou has a hard time, Song has a green knot, Liang has a hanging worry, and Chu has peace." Harmony is harmony, and harmony is jade. Harmony is a jade that has not been polished.
The earliest records about He Shibi can be found in Han Feizi, New Preface and other books, and the plots are roughly opposite. It is said that in the Spring and Autumn Period, there was an expert in cutting jade named Bian He in the State of Chu, and he got a piece of rough jade in Jingshan (now the inspection mountain area in Nanzhang County, now Yuyin Rock, which is said to be the jade place in Bian He). Bian He went to see King Li of Chu with rough jade, and King Li ordered a jade worker to check it out. The jade worker said it was just a stone. King Li was so angry that he cut off Bian He's left foot for deceiving the monarch. King Li died, featuring acceded to the throne, Bian He once again holding a rough jade to see featuring, featuring and jade workers to see, jade workers still say it's just a stone, so Bian He lost his right foot. King Wu died, King Wen acceded to the throne, and Bian He wept bitterly for three days and three nights under Chushan, holding the rough jade. Tears dried up, and then blood flowed out. When King Wen learned of this, he sent someone to ask why. Bian He said: I am not crying that my feet were cut off, but crying that Baoyu was treated as a stone, and loyal people were treated as bullies, innocent and humiliated. So, King Wen ordered people to cut open this piece of rough jade, which was really rare, and named it Heshibi.
During the Warring States Period, King Huiwen of Zhao got a precious treasure originally lost by the State of Chu-"Heshibi". When King Zhao of Qin learned about this incident, he sent an envoy to the king of Zhao, saying that he was willing to exchange fifteen cities for the "Choi of Harmony".
Zhao Wang read the letter and thought to himself: Qin Wang has always been a man who only wants to take advantage and refuses to suffer. Why are you so generous this time? If you don't agree to his request, you are afraid that Qin will attack; If you say yes, you are afraid of being cheated. He thought it over and over, and he couldn't make up his mind, so he discussed it with the ministers, but they couldn't think of any good way.
Lin Xiangru knew this and said to the prince of Zhao, "Your Majesty, let me take' He Shibi' to see the king of Qin. I'll play it by ear when I get there. If the king of Qin refuses to exchange fifteen cities, I will definitely bring back' He Shibi' in one piece. " The prince of Zhao knew that Lin Xiangru was a brave and witty man, so he agreed to go.
Lin Xiangru arrived in the state of Qin, and the king of Qin met him in the palace. Lin Xiangru hands "and choi" dedicated to the king of qin. The king of Qin took it and looked left and right. He loved it very much. After reading it, he passed it on to the ministers one by one, and then handed it over to the concubines in the harem.
Lin Xiangru stood alone and waited for a long time, but he didn't see the king of Qin mention the cession of fifteen cities. He knew that the king of Qin didn't exchange fifteen cities for Baoyu's sincerity at all. But Baoyu has been in the hands of the king of Qin. How can we get it back? He thought about it and came up with a plan. Lin Xiangru stepped forward and said to the king of Qin, "Although this piece of' Heshibi' looks good, it has a little flaw. Let me show it to the king." When the King of Qin heard that the "Choi" was defective, he quickly asked someone to bring Baoyu from the harem to Lin Xiangru and ask him to point it out.
Lin Xiangru took a few steps back with the "Harmony Jade", leaned against the pillar and said angrily to the king of Qin: "At the beginning, the king sent a letter to the king of Zhao, saying that he was willing to exchange fifteen cities for the" Harmony Jade "of Zhao. Minister Zhao said, don't believe Qin's lies. I don't think so. I said that the people still speak faith, not to mention the king of Qin! The prince of Zhao listened to my advice and sent me to send "He Shibi". Unexpectedly, just now, the King took Baoyu over and handed him over to the people below, but he didn't mention the change of fifteen cities. From this point of view, the king really didn't have the sincerity to exchange the city for the wall. Now that Baoyu is in my hand, if the king insists on persecuting me, I would rather smash my head with this Baoyu on this pillar! " Lin Xiangru said, and raised the "and choi", in the face of the pillar, is about to fall on airs.
The King of Qin wanted to ask the samurai to rob him, but he was afraid that Lin Xiangru would really smash Baoyu. He quickly apologized to Lin Xiangru and said, "Don't worry, doctor, how can my words not count!" He told someone to bring the map, falsely pointed to the map and said, "From here to there, 15 cities will be allocated to Zhao." Lin Xiangru thought, the king of Qin often plays tricks, so don't be fooled by him again! He said to the king of Qin, "This piece of' Heshibi' is a world-famous treasure. When the prince of Zhao sent him to the state of Qin, he fasted for five days and held a grand ceremony to present Baoyu at the court. Now, if the king wants to accept this treasure jade, he should also fast for five days and hold a ceremony to accept it in the court, so that I can present it. " The king of Qin didn't want to do this, but seeing Lin Xiangru's resolute attitude, he had to say helplessly, "Good! Just do it! " Say that finish, he sent someone to send Lin Xiangru to the hotel to have a rest.
Lin Xiangru took the treasure jade to the mansion. He told one of his men to dress up as a businessman, wrapped the treasure jade in his body, and secretly ran back to the state of Zhao through the alley. As for what the king of Qin would do to him, he didn't consider it at all.
Later, when the King of Qin found out about it, it was too late to regret it. If you want to send troops to attack Zhao, Zhao is prepared militarily, and I'm afraid you can't win. Finally, the king of Qin was very angry, but even if he killed Lin Xiangru, he couldn't get Choi, but he would make bad friends with Zhao, so he let him go back to Zhao.
In history, this incident is called "Return to Zhao in perfect condition". This matter is recorded in detail in Sima Qian's Historical Records. At the same time, it is the story that records the harmony between Lian Po and Lin Xiangru (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru).
But later, Heshibi was still owned by the State of Qin. As for when and how it was owned by the State of Qin, there is no record in history. In the tenth year of the reign of the King of Qin (237 BC), Li Si mentioned in the book "Exhortation and Expulsion": "Today, your majesty gave Kunshan a jade, which is a treasure of harmony and harmony." "Treasure of Sui and Harmony" means "Pearl of Sui Hou" and "Treasure of He Shi", two famous treasures at that time. It is very likely that Zhao was afraid of Qin's power and gave it to Qin because of necessity.
Since then, there have been many records about He Shibi, and most of them believe in the records of Han Feizi, New Preface and other books. For example, Fu Xian's Yu Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty said: "When he dives into the wild, he ignores it, and everyone regards it as a stone, and he knows it by himself." There are more records about He Shibi in Tang poetry. The great poet Li Bai's "Antique" has "carrying jade into the State of Chu, seeing the ancient and hearing." Good treasure finally abandoned, futile three offer jun "poem.