Because the situation in poetry creation is very complicated, sometimes "injury" is inevitable. If you insist on avoiding it, you may hurt your meaning because of the rhyme and prose. Therefore, there must be a remedial measure to eliminate their harm as much as possible.
This problem is very profound, and to solve it, the author needs to have considerable ability to control words.
(1) The "hard injury" that should be avoided.
As I said before, the problems in rhyming with the Eight Rings are basically to be avoided. Specifically, it is necessary to refrain from falling rhyme, combining rhyme, overlapping rhyme, inverted rhyme, dumb rhyme, strange rhyme and complex rhyme. Because these problems generally do great harm to the rhythmic beauty of poetry and cannot be solved at all. Because their harm is not only phonology, but also artistic conception, grammar and visual beauty.
However, compared with other situations, "squeeze rhyme" and "couplet rhyme" do little harm to rhythm, and have no harm to artistic conception, grammar and visual beauty. Although "striking rhyme" does great harm to rhythm, it does no harm to artistic conception, grammar and visual beauty, just like "squeezing rhyme" and "couplet rhyme". More importantly, sometimes these problems seem inevitable.
What should we do when it becomes inevitable? Is there any way to reduce or even eliminate its harm to the rhythm of poetry? This is what we will discuss next.
(2) The methods of cracking rhyme collision, rhyme squeezing and rhyme linking.
The rhyming sentences in the poem are called "rhyming sentences". For rhyme sentences, if the focus of the whole poem is on the last word, that is, rhyme, such rhyme is called "dead rhyme"
On the other hand, if the reading sentence of the whole poem focuses on other words before rhyme, such rhyme is called "living rhyme"
Generally speaking, when the rhyme foot is "dead rhyme", rhyming, squeezing rhyme and couplet rhyme will hurt the rhythm of poetry and form a "hard injury"; However, when the rhyme foot is "lively rhyme", rhyme collision, rhyme squeezing and rhyme linking will not do much harm to the rhythm of poetry, or even be completely harmful.
For example, the last three sentences focus on "low", "wash" and "west" respectively, and the rhyming collision of the word "wash" will inevitably cause serious harm to the whole poem.
On the contrary, if we try to make the rhyme foot "live rhyme", then no matter how we bump, squeeze and rhyme, it will not do much harm to the rhythm, or even not at all. For example:
There is a lot of silk in the sky above the avenue, which is as delicate and moist as butter. The grass is vaguely connected in the distance, but it looks sparse in the near future.
This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring of the green willow.
-Han Yu's Four Musts, Early Spring Rain and Dew
The word "Chu" rhymes in this poem, but we don't feel the harm of rhyming, and we still feel that the whole poem is fluent and catchy. The key point is that the focus of the second sentence "near but nothing" falls on the fifth word "near", while the focus of the last sentence falls on the word "full", so the rhyme of these two poems becomes "living rhyme". The whole poem successfully avoids the harm caused by rhyming collision.
It is not difficult to see that the fundamental solution to the quality of poetic rhyme lies in understanding what is "living rhyme" and what is "dead rhyme". If there are more "lively rhyme" sentences in your works, even if there are some injuries, they may be harmless and will never constitute a "hard injury" in poetry. But if your work is full of "dead rhyme" sentences, it will cause "hard injury" to poetry, and any harm will be harmful.
What are the ways to make "living rhyme"? There are two ways:
1, shift the focus of reading sentences, so that the focus of reading sentences of the whole sentence falls on words other than rhyme.
This is the most important and commonly used method. I have already said it, so I won't say it again.
2. Try to use open rhyme and less closed rhyme.
For example, the word "late cigarette residue" feels awkward to read. Although the two words "smoke" and "can" do not belong to the same rhyme, they are only adjacent rhymes, but they are similar to the damage caused by "squeezing rhyme".
However, the robbery in Late Smoke Cold is very refreshing, and "cold" and "disability" belong to the same rhyme. Why do homonyms have different phonological effects?
The point here is that "residual" represents a process, but it is also an stressed word, so that the pronunciation is over before the meaning of the sentence is fully developed in the mind. In this way, the harm of "squeezing rhyme" to sentence reading is highlighted.
And "cold" is just a feeling and an opening word. Meaning and sound develop synchronously in the mind, so the harm of "squeezing rhyme" does not exist.
Therefore, stressed words as rhyme feet are easy to become "dead rhyme", while stressed words as rhyme feet are easy to become "living rhyme", which brings completely different phonological changes to the subsequent development of the whole poem. For example:
Jingkou and Guazhou are just separated by a water, and Zhongshan has only a few heavy green mountains.
Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me?
-Wang Anshi's "Four Musts, Going to Guazhou"
Let's look at the word "mountain" that "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains". Because the word "mountain" is used before the rhyme, it is not rhetorical repetition, and it is more harmful than using a word with the same rhyme, so it is more serious than the general rhyme phenomenon. But because it uses "several mountains" to make the rhyme lively,
Looking at the word "shore" at the end of the sentence, it is a serious rhyme, but we don't feel the harm of rhyme, and we still feel that the whole poem is fluent and catchy. First, because the last "shore" is an opening syllable. Secondly, the poet not only made the rhyme "mountain" in the last sentence into a living rhyme, but also used "give it back to me" in the fourth sentence, shifting the focus of reading sentences from the word "return" in the rhyme, and the rhyme became a living rhyme. In this way, the harm of rhyme is invisible.
As mentioned earlier, rhyme is particularly destructive to rhythm, so the ancients paid special attention to it when creating quatrains, and it is difficult to find examples of rhyme in the quatrains of the ancients. The following is a seven-melody verse to illustrate the method of cracking:
The new year's grass is far from blooming, and long-term visitors will get lost.
I don't know where the rain is, but the spring breeze only reaches the west of Muling.
The lonely city is empty, and there are no birds singing in three households.
Do you remember whether you are in the south of the Yangtze River? There are five willows in front of you.
-Liu Changqing's "Seven Laws, Making Two Anlu Send Friends"
In the first two sentences of this poem, the homonyms "Qi" and "Qi" form a rhyme. However, the author used the word "far" in the first sentence, and changed "far" into "living rhyme". This avoids the harm of rhyme.
Similarly, the word "zhi" and the word "low" in the last sentence are not homonyms, but they belong to adjacent rhymes, and their influence on phonology is similar to squeezing rhymes. And the closer to rhyme, the more obvious the damage when rhyme is squeezed.
Here, although the word "Ji" is the focus of this sentence, it seems that the "low" of the rhyme is made into a vivid rhyme, but because the word "Ji" is also the same as the vowel of "Zhi", but the tone is different, "Zhi" and "Low" belong to adjacent rhymes, reading the "low" at the end still feels sticky and not refreshing.
The above is the general method of cracking rhyme, squeezing rhyme and rhyming, and I hope it will inspire everyone. It should be pointed out that the specific situation is sometimes very complicated, and you can't be stuck on a post without knowing how to change. For example, squeezing rhyme means using words that rhyme with rhyme in sentences. If you use the same word, does it rhyme?
Of course. If this word is not used regularly and repeatedly, it can't form a circular musical effect, it is rhyme, which is one of the most serious and extreme situations in rhyme. In addition, generally speaking, the closer the rhyming words are to rhyme, the greater the damage. But if they are linked together, they are not rhyming, but overlapping in rhetoric.
Sometimes they don't seem to be connected, but they are connected in a special way, such as "taking a look". It is a special word formation, which is actually the same as "take a look", except that a meaningless word is added to adjust syllables, which can be regarded as an overlap, not a simple rhyme phenomenon.
Furthermore, as we said, the collision of rhymes is harmful and should be avoided in general. If it is inevitable, then the rhyme words on the rhyme feet must be as vivid as possible. If you can't do lively rhyme, can you do it in a similar way, shift the reading center of the sentence with rhyme, and dilute the phonological effect of the word with rhyme, which sounds less harsh?
Of course, there is no way. For example, the word "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" mentioned above is very eye-catching, very audible and carries a heavy weight in the sentence. It is the key point and the most important thing to read sentences. It also effectively weakens the phonological effect of the word "shore", thus further eliminating the harm of rhyming collision. Because of this, the poet left us a farewell song. (Excerpted from Poems on Xiaoyaolou)
Extended data
The rhyme of poetry needs attention.
In the rhyme of poetry, there are some phenomena, such as bumping rhyme, squeezing rhyme, inverted rhyme, continuous rhyme, double rhyme, compound rhyme, dead rhyme, three-yin rhyme, rhyme, rhyme and so on, which will affect the harmony of rhyme rhythm at the end of poetry, especially in the creation of classical metrical poems. So these should be avoided as much as possible.
(1) Rhyme collision: In a poem, the sentence that should not rhyme according to the law ends with a hyphen, and the vowel at the end is the same as the vowel at the rhyme foot, which affects the aesthetic feeling of rhyme.
(2) Squeezing rhyme: The vowels and rhymes of disyllabic words (generally 2, 4 and 6 words) in poetry are the same, which is also one of the taboos in poetry creation. In addition, if the vowel of the sixth word is the same as the rhyme, it constitutes a double rhyme, and if the vowel is the same, it constitutes a double tone, which needs to be avoided.
(3) Inverted rhyme: A regular disyllabic word is inverted for rhyme. For example, a river becomes a river, and although the same meaning is expressed, the axe marks are obvious.
(4) Rhyme: Rhyme is two adjacent rhyming sentences with homophones as rhyming words.
(5) Rhyme: Rhyme words that appeared in the poem appear again and are used as rhyme feet, which is called rhyme.
(6) Complex rhyme: words with the same meaning and rhyme, such as "Fang" and "Xiang", belong to Yang rhyme, while "Worry" and "Sorrow" belong to Youyun. This kind of words rhymes in a poem, which is called compound rhyme.
(7) Dead rhyme: If the reading sentence of the whole poem focuses on the last word, such a poem is called "dead rhyme". On the other hand, if the sentence reading of the whole poem focuses on other words before rhyme, such a poem is called "living rhyme"
(8) Yin San Yunping: If all three rhyming words in a poem are Yin Ping, it will also hurt the rhyme sense of the poem.
(9) Rhyme: randomly pick a rhyming word to make up the number, and its meaning has nothing to do with the whole poem.
(10) Rhyme: Poetry often rhymes because of inaccurate pronunciation, or because of the influence of dialects.
(1 1) Deviation of rhyme: I don't know that different meanings of the same Chinese character belong to different rhymes, so I will be biased when writing poems.