Du Fu's life was full of ups and downs, mostly in the second half of his life, and he had a turning point in the Anshi Rebellion of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. Once upon a time, his family was well-off, and his father was a senior official in the imperial court. When he was young, he traveled around and was strong. The song "Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." It was written when he climbed Yueshan while traveling, at the age of 29. At that time, their high spirits and lofty aspirations were all manifested in their early pride. There is a saying that "last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I went to the tall building alone to look at the horizon." Meaning.
When Du Fu was young, his family was well off, he traveled around the world and lived a chic life. How could he have expected that when people reach middle age, things will be difficult, the country will be destroyed, and he will embark on the road of being displaced. Lu You has a poem, "When I was young, I knew that the world was difficult, and the Central Plains looked at Beiyue." Expressing the feeling that ambition is hard to pay, Du Fu will express the same feeling as Lu You, even when he looks back on his early years in his later years.
Facts have proved that times make heroes. Although in his early years, he was able to write a poem with lofty sentiments and ambitions, but Du Fu's early works were only about 40. Most of the works in his life were created when his life was difficult.
When he began to look forward to real life, the poverty of the people, the darkness of the imperial court, the cruelty of the war, and express his inner grief, the "poet saint" at this time only saw his first shadow. The history of poetry began to unfold.
At the age of thirty, he ended his life of traveling around the world for ten years before getting married. Soon after, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty began to fight and sought to expand his territory. Du Fu often expresses his feelings when he sees the poor life of people devastated by war. His first poem reflecting the decline of people's livelihood is "Garage Shop", "Go to the blue sea and look along the coast, in all the forgotten old bones. The new ghost wails there, and the old one is loudest in the stormy dark sky. "This is the beginning of a turning point in his poetry.
Then "The Second Way" wrote the extravagant life in the palace and satirized the Yang sisters. These are all famous books.
From the age of 30 to 40, Du Fu's experience was not so bad, but his career was bumpy and his life was down and out. After his father's death, his family's fortune declined, and Du Fu's situation went up in smoke. When Jinshi failed the list, he was favored by the emperor, but the road to being an official was cut off by treacherous court official Li. All my life, three years as an official. The rest of the time is to write poems for rich and powerful families and sell medicines for a living. The basic life is not guaranteed.
After forty years old, An Shi Rebellion broke out and Du Fu was trapped in Chang 'an. His works were divided into three categories. The "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Tongguan and Xin 'an officials, and the "three farewell" are "farewell", "marriage" and "homelessness". Du Fu's later poems are called the history of poetry, which has a great relationship with these poems.
In the most difficult period of his life, the last two years of his life, Du Fu was seriously ill and dying, but at this time he created a lot of touching poems, and two thirds of modern poems were written at this time.
We are familiar with the song "The Hut is Broken by Autumn Wind". In August and autumn, the wind roared and Sanhe grass rolled in my house. There is a song called "Climbing". "In the strong wind, from the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and birds fly home on the clear lake and white beach. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably. Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. Bad luck has formed a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick dust in my wine. "How grand, how powerful, how touching.
In fact, Du Fu was strong when he was young, unlike middle-aged people who were weak and sickly. In his later years, he recalled his youth. "I remember when I was fifteen, I was a child, as healthy as a yellow calf." Pear and jujube are ripe in August before the court, and the tree day can return to a thousand times. "
Throughout Du Fu's life, Du Fu was able to write poems when he was young, which can be described as a genius in poetry. However, there are not many poems, most of which are plain and simple, and his days as an official in the court are even more boring. His poems are mostly used in official words, which are unremarkable and not worthy of praise.
But when he was displaced from place to place, he inspired many popular and touching works. These works were written by the poet with blood and tears, and the poet spoke his mind. They are the poet's sympathy for the state affairs and people's feelings at that time, the poet's deep sympathy for the people, the poet's deep concern for the country, and the poet's deep concern for the country and the people. It was the turbulent political affairs and Anshi rebellion in Xuanzong period of Tang Dynasty that created the great poet Du Fu.
Mr. Feng Zhi is a professor at National Southwest Associated University. He once wrote a poem: "I didn't believe Shao Ling's words until I took my wife and daughter to Japan. Perhaps we can only experience Du Fu's true love poems after a period of drift from place to place. But this does not prevent us from feeling bitter tears between the lines and being deeply shocked when reading ancient poems.
Of course, Du Fu also has many vivid and beautiful works, such as the quatrain "Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets flying to the sky". The window contains the autumn snow in Xiling, at the gate of Wu Dong Wan Li boating. There is also a moonlit night in Far Away Fuzhou. She is watching the moonlight, alone in the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is. Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? . "
In our opinion, these poems are all beautiful, but the first one, Moonlit Night, was written when I was trapped in Chang 'an and my country was ruined. It can be seen that there is optimism in the poet's delicate feelings.
Du Fu also had many close friends in his life, such as his friends Gao Shi, Cen Can and Li Bai, and Yanwu, who sheltered him in official life, gradually became miserable after their death.
Du Fu was poor all his life, and it was rare for him to be handsome several times. He was only ill in bed in his later years, and recalled those years emotionally several times. When I was fourteen or fifteen years old, I could climb trees more than a thousand times a day, but that was just the past and I couldn't go back.
At that time, the high spirits were completely gone, leaving only deep hesitation. Although I am still breathing in my old age, I still have the vitality to generate. Just like this song "Climbing Yueyang Tower", "I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I have finally boarded this building. The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water. But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat. "
There are so many powerful poems that let us see the image of such an old man who cares about the people, but at the same time, we are all infected by deep feelings. "Where petals flow like tears, lonely birds sing their sadness" is only empathy with the scenery, but it is shocking.
We read Du Fu's Biography to see Du Fu's growth history, Du Fu's bumpy life and the sadness of a generation of poets in historical changes. In addition to feeling the background of Du Fu's poems, we have a deeper understanding of the poems he was familiar with when he was a child, and we can also feel the freshness, exquisiteness, momentum or blood and tears of his poems, which can not help but inspire a passion.
We should be infected by the old people and be patriotic from now on, not be poets, but always miss our country and make contributions to it. It is good to be a patriotic poet.