This poem was written by Du Fu in his later years. He experienced many disasters. The social background at that time was very complicated. At that time, the Anshi Rebellion was put down, but only one year later, Tibet rebelled, Tubo captured Chang 'an almost effortlessly, and Tang Daizong fled immediately. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Tibetan rebels found a puppet emperor, and then Fenyang, Wang Zizhong put down the rebellion. However, after Tubo and confrontation, Du Fu always paid attention to the situation in Beijing, so he wrote the famous "Building" in his hut.
Although the Supreme Court was attacked by Tubo, and even lost its own capital, Du Fu still hoped to imitate Zhuge Liang, like Zhuge Liang, to help the emperor restore their lost land, and hoped that people would remain orthodox and even be controlled by Tubo, knowing that they were from China and could not give them.
This poem comes straight to the point from the beginning. I was not happy after the beautiful flowers and tall buildings were in front of me, but it broke my heart as a guest. "Cute" here refers to the guest's heart. "10,000 square meters is difficult" refers to the continuous war. A few years ago, a Lushan Mountain caused a lot of damage, but it ended in less than a year. Tubo invaded again, and the emperor invaded the capital and made it a puppet emperor. There are not only external aggression and internal risks. After Tang Zong proclaimed himself emperor, although he relied on his future to quell the Anshi Rebellion, he ignored state affairs like Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and only indulged in debauchery and music. He listened to the slanderers of the court eunuchs, which caused the Tang Dynasty to be completely in civil strife and foreign invasion. It is precisely because the current court is in danger that Du Fu, who is heartbroken, has to climb a tall building to express his confession. "Climbing high and looking far" means climbing high and looking far. The "forest" here is not what we usually understand. Here, "forest" means looking down from above.
Jinjiang here refers to Jinjiang, a tributary of Minjiang River that flows through Chengdu. Now people don't know why. Jinjiang water flowing out of Chengdu is getting brighter and brighter, and now people call it Guang Jinjiang. "Spring" is the scenery of spring. It is beautiful in spring around Jinjiang. The riverside is a landscape of red flowers and green willows. The spring in Jinjiang seems to be integrated with heaven and earth. Lei Yu is a place name in the northwest of Chengdu. "Make the past serve the present" means making the past serve the present. "Floating clouds" means that the political situation at that time was as unpredictable as floating clouds, and people's lives were as unpredictable as floating clouds. It can be seen from this poem that Du Fu began to combine his own destiny with the destiny of the country and put the destiny of the country first.
"North Pole" refers to an astrological name, which is used here to refer to the court. The ancients often used "North Pole" to refer to the court. After all, it means that it will not change after all. "Xishankou bandits" refers to the invasion of the Tubo group. When the Tubo clique invaded the east, and two generals guarding the frontier in the Tang Dynasty took refuge in Tubo to survive, Tubo quickly reached Chang 'an and occupied the capital. The present court will always be the court of the Tang Dynasty in my mind and will never change. Even if you set up a puppet emperor now, I won't submit to you. We will always recognize only one court, and that is the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu used "bandits" here to refer to the Tubo invasion. From this, we can see Du Fu's contempt for the Tubo invasion.
"Master" refers to Liu Chan, son of Liu Bei of Han Shu Group during the Three Kingdoms period. Han Shu's Liu Houchen has undergone the treatment of Si-Mg layer. After the conquest, he still did not forget to eat, drink and be merry. Zhao was the duke of silicon and magnesium. "Returning to the Temple" means that people like Liu Chan can still have a temple. Liu Chan Temple was built in Chengdu, with Liu Chan Temple in the east, Zhuge Liang Temple in the west and Liu Bei Temple in the middle. "Chatting" means not wanting to do this, but doing it. "Song of Fu Liang" means that Zhuge Liang likes to sing "Song of Fu Liang" every day when he is not in politics. This is a gift from Fu Liangge to Miss Zhuge Liang.