Poetry 1 On Qu Yuan's Characters
Qu Yuan (about 340 BC or 339 BC-278 BC), surnamed Mi, Qushi, human, the original word; While his name is formal, his words are even. Born in Chu Danyang (now Yichang, Hubei). China was a poet and politician of Chu State during the Warring States Period, the first great patriotic poet in China history, the founder of romantic literature in China, and the founder and representative writer of Chu Ci.
In his early years, Qu Yuan was deeply trusted by Chu Huaiwang and advocated "American politics". He advocated using talents for internal development, perfecting statutes, and uniting external forces to resist Qin. He was exiled because he was slandered by the nobles. After General Qin Bai Qi attacked Ying, the capital of Chu, Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River. His masterpiece "Songs of the South" represents the origin of China's romantic literature.
Extended data
Qu Yuan's Major Achievements
Political ideal
First, the political thought of promoting talents and empowering people in the United States.
Qu Yuan's works record his persistence in the ideal of "beautiful politics" and his struggle against the decadent aristocratic groups in Chu. His ideal of "beautiful politics" is reflected in his works, that is, "cultivating talents and empowering them, but doing things without being equal" (Li Sao). The so-called "promoting talents and empowering" is to select truly talented people to govern the country, oppose the secular world, and limit the monopoly of the old aristocracy on power.
He also took the historical stories of Fu Shuo, the slave, Lv Wang, the butcher and Ning Qi, the vendor, as examples to illustrate the rationality of selecting talents regardless of their status. The so-called "following the rope without being rude" means practicing the law, that is, the law is not expensive and limiting the privileges of the old nobles.
Although Qu Yuan was exiled or even exiled, he always thought about the rise and fall of the motherland and the sufferings of the people, hoping that the king of Chu would repent and work hard to become the master of ZTE. He knew that being loyal to honesty and frankness would lead to disaster, but he always "endured but could not give up";
Knowing that he faced many dangers, he could have gone to other countries to find a way out in the era of "using Chu materials", but he refused to leave Chu. It shows his infinite loyalty to the motherland and his personality and will to win glory with the sun and the moon.
Second, as the reform spirit of constitutional order.
Qu Yuan's position of advocating reform and legal system is confirmed by his own works. Qu Yuan, who was good at managing chaos, knew that to make his motherland rich and strong, he had to innovate politics and promote the legal system, just like the reformists in other countries at that time. In Li Sao, he made a request to Wang Huai, the monarch of Chu at that time, saying, "Why not change this degree and take care of the strong?" Ride at a gallop and come to my guide. "
Qu Fu, a poet in A Qing, said: "Zhuang" refers to "American politics", "filth" refers to "corrupt politics" and "degree" refers to the old law. Ma Maoyuan also said: "Abandoning filth means abandoning Chu's corrupt and dark political laws and reforming them. This degree refers to the current political laws. "He asked the king of Chu to practice American politics and abandon evil politics.
Reform the status quo, abolish the old system, and firmly express that you want to be the pawn and pioneer of this reform. Qu Yuan's reformist stance is fully revealed here. In another poem, Nostalgia, Qu Yuan described his specific practice of reform: "Nostalgia and faith, ordered to foretell the future. Serving the first merit shines on the next merit, and it is suspected of statutes.
The country is rich and powerful, legislating, and is a loyal minister. "He said that his reform was ordered by Chu Huaiwang; The second is to "make meritorious service first"-inherit the legacy of previous innovators; Third, focus on the "doubt of knowing the law"-establishing a new legal system; Fourth, the top-down political reform movement aimed at achieving national prosperity.
Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Qu Yuan (poet of Chu State during the Warring States Period)
2. Qu Yuan's character image
I can give you some information. It's actually very easy to write.
There are many in Baidu Encyclopedia, but they are a bit verbose.
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You can evaluate exiles according to your life profile and current situation. You can refer to it
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Attach a brief introduction.
Qu Yuan. 340 BC ~ 278 BC), surnamed Mi, a native of Shiqu, a native of Chinese, with a native word; While his name is formal, his words are even. Han nationality, born in Danyang, Chu during the Warring States Period, is now from Zigui County, Yichang City, Hubei Province [1], and is a descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Chu Wuwang Xiong Tong. Claiming to be descendants of Zhuan Xu, he advocated the alliance with Qin and advocated "American politics".
Qu Yuan is one of the greatest patriotic poets in China, and also the earliest known famous poet, thinker and great politician in China. He created the style of "Chu Ci" (that is, the style of "Ci Fu") and the tradition of "vanilla beauty". Li Sao, Nine Chapters, Nine Songs and Tian Wen are the most important representative works of Qu Yuan. Li Sao is China's longest lyric poem. The works of Qu Yuan seen in later generations are all from the Songs of Chu compiled by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty. This book is mainly composed of Qu Yuan's works, including one Li Sao, nine songs and eleven chapters (Taiyi, Yun, Lady Xiang, Shao Siming, Hebo, National Mourning and Ritual Soul).
Qu Yuan was trusted by Chu Huaiwang in his early years and worked as Zuo Tu and a doctor in San Lv. He often discussed state affairs with Chu Huaiwang, participated in the formulation of laws, advocated clear laws and regulations, appointed talents, reformed politics, and united with Qin. While presiding over foreign affairs. He advocated that Chu should unite with Qi and * * * should contend with Qin. With the efforts of Qu Yuan, the national strength of Chu State has been enhanced. However, due to Qu Yuan's honest and frank personality and the slander and rejection of others, Qu Yuan was gradually alienated by Chu Huaiwang. In the first 305 years, Qu Yuan opposed the conclusion of the Yellow Thorn Alliance between Chu Huaiwang and Qin, but Chu completely embraced Qin. Qu Yuan was also expelled from the capital by Chu Huaiwang and exiled to the Northern Han Dynasty. Qu Yuan was expelled from Du Ying. During his exile, Qu Yuan felt depressed and began to create literature. His works are full of attachment to Chu and enthusiasm for the country and the people. His works, gorgeous words, strange imagination, novel metaphors and profound connotations have become one of the origins of China literature. In the first 278 years, the general of the State of Qin conquered the capital in vain. In desperation and indignation, Qu Yuan threw a big stone into the Miluo River and died. 1953 is the 2230th anniversary of Qu Yuan's death. The World Peace Council passed a resolution that Qu Yuan was one of the four cultural celebrities in the world that year. Note 1:
Recently, the research results of "Hanshou Theory of Qu Yuan's Hometown" submitted by Qu Yuan Society in Hanshou County, Hunan Province passed the appraisal. After carefully reading the report materials and the introduction of unearthed cultural relics, we went to Canggang Ancient Town in Hanshou County for a field trip. A large number of Qu Yuan's relics, unearthed cultural relics and descriptions related to Qu Yuan's works confirm that people have to feel that Qu Yuan's hometown is probably in Hanshou. At least, "Qu Yuan's hometown is in Hanshou" can be regarded as a well-founded new theory.
3. Poems about Qu Yuan
Qu yuan's famous sentences
There is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down. (Qu Sao)
Take a long breath to hide your tears and mourn the hardships of people's lives. (Qu Sao)
For the ideal cherished in my heart, I will not regret it a thousand times. (Qu Sao)
The whole world is muddy. I'm alone. Everyone is drunk. I wake up alone. (Qu Yuan Fisherman)
I can't change my mind and follow the custom, so I will end my poverty in sadness. (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
I will talk about Tao Dong without worry, and I will be shocked for life. (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
If you have an upright heart, how can it hurt to stay away? (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
A hundred dollars for a horse, a thousand dollars for a beautiful woman and a million dollars for a noble knight, where can you buy youth?
Buy clear water from surging waves, and you can wash my clothes.
The muddy water of surging waves can be used to drown feet.
Run with the horse, come to my doffer first.
Autumn wind blows gently, and Dongting waves under the leaves.
4. A famous poem about Qu Yuan
There is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down. (Qu Sao)
"It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan. I'll get on and off it." In other words, the road ahead is very long, and I will go up and down for it (the sun in my heart). "Xiu Yuan" is not a word and cannot be compared. The significance of "cultivating", "cultivating" and "learning" embodies Qu Yuan's exploration spirit as a romantic poet. And "far" means that there is still a long way to go to achieve this kind of cultivation, so there is the next sentence "I search up and down"
Take a long breath to hide your tears and mourn the hardships of people's lives. (Qu Sao)
"I can't help crying and lamenting that people's lives are so troubled."
For the ideal in my heart, I will die a thousand times without regret.
As long as it conforms to my beautiful ideal, I will not be depressed even if I die nine times.
For the ideal cherished in my heart, I will not regret it a thousand times. (Qu Sao)
These are all treasured in my heart, and I will never regret dying nine times.
The whole world is muddy. I'm alone. Everyone is drunk. I wake up alone. (Qu Yuan Fisherman)
The whole world is polluted, and only I am clean; Everyone was drunk, but I was the only one awake.
I can't change my mind and follow the custom, so I will end my poverty in sadness. (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
I can't change my ambition and obey the world. Of course, I will be unhappy and frustrated for life.
I will talk about Tao Dong without worry, and I will be shocked for life. (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
I will stick to the right path and never waver. I would rather be in darkness all my life.
If you have an upright heart, how can it hurt to stay away? (Qu Yuan photo taken by Jiang)
As long as the heart is upright, what's the harm of being exiled to a far, far place?
References:
5. What is the poem of the amorous Mrs Xiang in Qu Yuan's works?
Di Zi fell on Zhu Bei, and his eyes were pitiful.
Autumn wind blows gently, and Dongting waves under the leaves. Celebrate the wedding day by boasting a white cup.
What are the birds and trees in the apple? In yuan there, and Li Lan, and I think the childe dare not speak.
Looking from a distance, look at the flowing water. What do elk eat? What is the source of coke? Chi Chao Ma Yu Xi Gao Jiang, Xi Ji Xi Lu.
When I hear that beautiful woman calling me, I will drive away. Build a room in the water, repair it and cover it; Sun wall Xi purple altar, sowing fragrant pepper Xi into the hall; Guidong Xi Lan Residence and Yixinmei Xi Pharmacy; That's a curtain, it's both open; Yes, the town is square; Wu, dazzling Du Heng.
A hundred herbs combine with the real court to build a fragrant door. When nine flowers meet, the spirit comes like a cloud.
I appreciate this river, but I appreciate Lipu more. "Zhou Ting ·Xi· Du Ruo" will be left behind; Time can't be sudden, talk easy! Annotation (1) is selected from Zhang Ju of the Songs of Chu, which is one of the Nine Songs.
Nine Songs is the general name of Qu Yuan's eleven works. "Nine" is a general term, not a real number, and "Nine Songs" is the name of an ancient movement.
Wang Yi's "Chapters and Sentences of Chu Ci" holds that: "In the past, Chu was a city in the south, with the same customs as Yuan and Xiang, believing in ghosts and being good at shrines. Its temples will make songs and music to inspire the gods.
Qu Yuan's exile was full of bitterness and bitterness, and his worries were boiling. He saw the sacrifice of the laity and the joy of singing and dancing, and his words were humble. Because he wrote the song "Nine Songs", he respected the gods, and when he saw his grievances, he let him remonstrate with the wind. "Some people think that Qu Yuan wrote it on the basis of folk sacrificial songs.
This article is a companion to Xiang Jun, another article in Nine Songs. There are different opinions about who Mrs. Xiang and Mr. Xiang are.
There is no doubt that they are Hunan water gods. This article is about Xiang Jun's thoughts and sadness caused by his failure to heal his wife.
(2): refers to Mrs. Xiang. Shun Fei is the daughter of Emperor Yao, so she is called the son of Emperor Yao.
(3) Mimi (O): an invisible son. Worry: It makes me sad.
(4) nio: the way the breeze blows (5) waves: making waves. Down: down.
(6) Bi: the name of aquatic plants, born in the lake. Look ahead: look straight at it.
(7) Jia: Beauty refers to Mrs. Xiang. Period: period.
Zhang: Furniture. (8) extraction: setting.
Birds want to gather on the wood, but they are said to be in the grass. (9) zēng: fishing net.
What should be in the water is on the wood, which is a metaphor for not wanting what you want and losing what you deserve. (10) Yuan: namely, Shui Yuan, in today's Hunan Province.
Miao: Tongli, namely Lishui, flows into Dongting Lake, in today's Hunan Province. Angelica dahurica, a kind of vanilla.
(1 1) childe: refers to Mrs. Xiang. In ancient times, nobles were called Gong Zu, and their children could be called "sons", regardless of their surnames.
(12) Abrupt: Blurred appearance. (13) Ripples: The appearance of water.
(14) Elk: The names of animals are like deer. (15) Water source: water edge.
This name means that coke should be on the edge of the abyss and water. Metaphor is chaotic.
(16) Height: Waterfront highland. (17) Li (stone): water margin.
(18) Teng Jia: galloping in a carriage. Die together: Go together.
(19) Decoration: weaving grass to build a house. Cover: refers to the roof.
(20) Sunshine wall: decorate the wall with sunshine grass. Sun (ū n): A kind of vanilla.
Purple: purple shellfish. Altar: atrium.
(2 1) Zanthoxylum bungeanum: a kind of fragrant wood. (22) architecture: architecture, building the spine.
Rafters (23) Xinyi: Muming, bloom in early spring.
The beam on the door. Medicine: Angelica dahurica.
(24) Wang: Pass the "net" and make a solution. Ficus pumila; A kind of vanilla, which grows on the edge of trees.
Curtains: Curtains. (25); Analyze it.
Hui: A kind of vanilla. Mián: Speaking as a "curtain", at the top of the account.
(26) town: suppress things sitting at the table. (27) Sparse: divide sparse and divide Chen.
Shi Lan: A kind of vanilla. (28) dazzling: winding.
Du Heng: A kind of vanilla. (29) combination: combination.
White grass: refers to various herbs. Reality: enrichment.
(30) Xin: A fragrance that can be smelled from a distance. Tuo (Lang (3 1) Jiuyi (yí): The name of the mountain, the legendary burial place of Shun, is in the south of Xiangshui.
This refers to the god of Mount Jiuyi. Bin: The appearance of having more babies.
(32) Spirit: God. As a cloud: describe a lot.
(33) mèi: sleeves. (34) Dieu: Coat.
(35) Ting: Flat land in water or near the water. Du Ruo: A kind of vanilla.
(36) Further: refers to Mrs. Xiang. (37) Sudden gains: If you count, you will get it again and again.
(38) Xiaoyao: play. Tolerance: a leisurely look.
Mrs. Xiang boarded and looked into the distance, which made me disappointed. The trees shook gently, the autumn wind began to cool, and the Dongting waves beat the shore, and the leaves fell.
Standing on a white cup and looking around, I met a beautiful woman tonight. Why do birds gather in the water plants? Why is the fishing net hanging on the treetops? The grass in Shui Yuan is green, and the orchids in Lishui are in bloom. I miss Mrs Xiang, but I dare not say it.
Looking into the distance, I saw the river slowly flowing. Why are elk foraging in the yard? Why do dragons wander by the water? In the morning, I was riding by the river, and in the evening, I crossed to the west of the river.
I heard that Mrs Xiang was calling me, so I drove with her. I want to build my house in the middle of water and cover the roof with lotus leaves.
The wall is decorated with witch hazel, and the altar of the court is covered with purple shells. The walls are covered with peppers to decorate the hall.
Guimu is the pillar, Mulan is the truss, Magnolia is the lintel, and Angelica dahurica is the bedroom. Woven Ficus pumila to make curtains, and curtains made of grass have been set up.
The seats in the town are made of white jade, and Shi Lan is decorated with fragrance everywhere. Cover the Lotus House with Cao Zhi and wrap it with Du Heng.
Pick all kinds of flowers and plants, fill the courtyard and build a fragrant porch. All the gods of Mount Jiuyi came to greet Lady Xiang, and the stars were like clouds.
I threw my sleeves into the river, and I threw my light coat by the Lishui River. I am picking Du Ruo in Zhou Xiao and giving it to a girl in the distance.
Good times are rare. I'm just browsing. Ode to Lady Xiang is one of the nine songs of Chu, a poem dedicated to the goddess Xiang Shui, and a companion piece with the Xiang Army.
The whole article is written in the style of missing Mrs. Xiang, and depicts the melancholy mood of looking far away and praying for the blessings. It is generally believed that Mrs. Xiang is the goddess of women, while Xiang Jun is the goddess of men and spouses.
Xiangshui is the largest river unique to Chu. This pair of gods and Mrs. Xiang reflects the primitive people's idea of worshipping natural gods and the concept of "love between god and man"
Chu's folk literature and art have a strong religious flavor, and the altar is actually a "theater" or "literary world". Take Mrs. Hexiang as an example: when people offer sacrifices to her, female singers or worshippers play the role of greeting; When offering sacrifices to your wife,