(2) Sima Guang and others within the ruling class lack understanding of Wang Anshi's reform thought; Wang Anshi's political reform violated the interests of big bureaucrats and big landlords and was opposed by interest groups.
(3) Lack of effective protection from social mechanisms (or independent banks and legal institutions); One-sided local officials and simplified implementation; Some officials took the opportunity to blackmail the people.
(4) Fundamentally speaking, the social and economic foundation of the Northern Song Dynasty is far from being developed to adapt to this reform.
Question (1) If you find Wang Anshi in the material 1, you can get the answer. (2) It is required to fully read the materials and extract information: The first material reflects that Sima Guang has differences with Wang Anshi in financial management methods, indicating that the ruling class has different ideas about Wang Anshi's political reform; In the second document, Su Zhe thinks that Wang Anshi's "establishing a young crop law to seize the benefits of enriching the people" is obviously opposed to political reform. (3) According to the third question, we should pay attention to the comprehensiveness of the extracted information. Question (4) requires finding the central sentence in material 4 and answering it according to the central sentence.