14 lines of ancient poetry

Sonnet is basically a dialectical structure. By juxtaposing two thoughts, emotions, inner states, beliefs, behaviors, events, images, etc. The poet hopes to examine their nature and parallel results by analyzing or revealing the tension between them. Sonnets in Italian (or Petrarch) style: The basic meter of all sonnets written in English is iambic pentameter (the basic knowledge of iambic pentameter), although there are a few sonnets with four or even six steps. Italian sonnets are divided into two parts by two groups of stanzas with different rhymes. The first eight lines are called eight-part essay and its rhyme: ABB ABB ABB ABB ABBA, and the other six lines are called six-part essay, which can have two or three rhymes in various forms: C, D, C, D, C, D, C, D, D, D, D, C, D, D, D, D, C, D. What the six-line stanza should avoid is ending the sentence with a pair of rhyming antitheses (dd or ee), because this is never allowed in Italy, and Petrarch himself (it is said) has never used rhyming antitheses; In practice, sometimes the stanza of a six-line poem ends with a rhyming antithesis, and Sidney's seventy-first sonnet is an example of such an Italian sonnet. The point here is that poetry is divided into two parts by two different rhyme groups. According to the principle (which is said to be applicable to all rhyming poems, but often not necessarily), changing from one rhyme group to another means changing the theme. This change happened at the beginning of the ninth line of the Italian sonnet, which is called volta (turning point), or "transformation". Transformation is a basic element in the sonnet form, perhaps the most basic element. This second meaning was introduced in voodoo, such as Wordsworth's sonnet: "London, 1802" Milton! You should live until now: Britain needs you: she is a stagnant pool; But the altar, sword, pen, stove, hall and the hero's relics in the inner room have lost their inner joy-the ancient British tradition. We are selfish and narrow-minded; Help us stand up and come back to us; Give us style, morality, freedom and strength! Your soul is like a star, still approaching in the distance. You have a voice, as grand as the ocean, as pure as the clear sky, solemn and heroic. In this way, you have gone through an ordinary life path with happiness and piety; At the same time, your heart has worked hard, even the most humble responsibility. (Poet translator: Tu An) In this poem, the eight-line stanza is used to spread the meaning of the decline and corruption of the English nation, while Milton's quality in the six-line stanza is used to resist that kind of loss, which is urgently needed by the nation now. A very skilled poet can arrange the position of voodoo at will for dramatic effect, although this? 6? 7? 6? It's hard to do well. There is an extreme example, by Philip? 6? A sonnet written by Sir philip sidney. He postponed Volta to line 14: sonnet 7 1. Who can learn how virtue depends on beauty from the most beautiful nature books? Let him read it to you when he understands love. Stella, those beautiful sentences are really good displays. There, he will find that all evil deeds are thrown far away, not the brute force of Kong Wu, but the cutest rational authority, whose light can make the night birds escape, the sunshine of the soul twinkle in your eyes, and so on. Don't be satisfied with the "perfect" heir, you, put all your thoughts on making it "open the way", and someone will comment on what is best for you. Therefore, when your beauty attracts the love in your heart, your virtue will soon lead this love to the good direction. "But, ha," the desire is still shouting, "give me something to eat." Here, after using the line 13 to prove "why reason explained to him that the latter virtue is the right way he should uphold", he seems to favor the proposition that "virtue is beneficial". However, Walter has effectively played a radical role in the argument that reason is beneficial to virtue: it reveals that desire is not dominated by reason. With the passage of time, English sonnets have evolved into quite a number of varieties, which is to facilitate people to write Italian sonnets in English. The most common change occurs in the eight-line stanza, and its rhyme paradigm changes from a b b a a b b a ABBA, which omits the requirement of two sets of four rhymes, which is not easy for English, a language with poor rhyme. Wordsworth uses this example in the following sonnet and ends with a rhyming antithesis: "Critics, don't despise sonnets!" " You are as cold as ice and don't care about its due honor; Shakespeare opened his heart with this key! The melody played by this pipa cured Peterak's wounds; Tasso blew this flute a thousand times; Plus Mogens used it to ease the sadness of exile! Dante put the crown of cypress on his thoughtful forehead-the sonnet is a beautiful myrtle in Ye Hua, shining on the branches of cypress; It is a firefly lamp, which makes the gentle Percy Spencer wake up from the fairyland and feel happy when fighting against the darkness; There is Milton Lu Yu's Foggy Sky, where the sonnets became horns in his hands, and he played thrilling songs with this instrument-too few, what a pity! (Poet Translator: Tu An) Another change in Italian form is this song, written by Charles Tennyson, the eldest brother of Tennyson's brothers. 6? 1 was written by Charles Tennyson-Turner. He wrote 342 sonnets in different forms. Here, Turner uses the example of ABBA C D C D E F E F E, and Volta is moved back to the middle of line 9: Is the missing meteor a sign of rain? This doubt is a bit lazy. What can drive me to the bed? It is not too late. It was meteorites that met and erupted in the air, which made the men stunned and the children shouted: Why are the flying meteor beams scattered? Disturb my fatigue, fiddle with my nerves, and make my pale and boring dreams go up in smoke right under my nose? How painful my soul is, my soul, when others are still at large, it has fallen asleep. At this time, even the children's joy is beyond words, and their enjoyment has revealed gadgets from the depths of the universe in their little eyes! I mistook it for a coincidence that it didn't rain-that was by no means the goal of that night. Second, Spencer's Sonnets: The paradigm of Spencer's Sonnets is as follows: ABABABABBCBCBCC, which was written by Edmund? 6? The invention of 1 was invented by edmund spenser, who used it in "A B B B B B B C B C" and deduced it from the stanza paradigm. Here, the pattern of "a b a b" has established a number of clear four-line groups, and each group develops its own specific ideas; The first 12 line formed by overlapping rhymes of A, B, C and D ends with a single homophonic dual unit. Three groups of four-line poems have developed three completely different but closely related ideas, while the idea of homophonic antithesis (or comment) is completely different. Interestingly, Spencer often uses "but" or "however" as the opening word of the ninth line of his sonnets to mark Volta; It should appear in this line in Italian sonnets. However, if you look closely, people will often find that there is actually no "change" here. The real change is in the change of rhyming patterns and in the rhyming antithesis. Therefore, the pattern of 12 lines and 2 lines has become a completely different paradigm from the pattern of 8 lines and 6 lines in Italy (the actual volta is marked in italics). 3. English Sonnets (or Shakespeare): The paradigm of English Sonnets is the simplest and most flexible of all sonnets. It consists of three rhyming four-line groups and a homophonic dual: A B C D C de F E FGG, like Spencer's style, each four-line group develops a specific idea, but each idea is closely related to the ideas in other four-line groups. English sonnets are not only the simplest in prosodic structure-they only emphasize pairs of rhymes instead of four lines, but also the most flexible in voodoo arrangement. Shakespeare often makes a "transformation" in line 9, just like Italian style: 4. Unclassified style Of course, there are always some sonnets that are not suitable for any clear and recognized paradigm, but they certainly have the style of sonnets. Shelley's Ozman Diaz belongs to this category. Its rhyme style is unique, but obviously, like the Italian sonnet, it arranges a volt in the ninth line: