What is the poem about lonely smoke in the desert and the depreciation of the yen?

The famous sentence "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen" is a poem in Wang Wei's representative frontier fortress poem "Make the Frontier Fortress". In the spring of the 25th year of Tang Kaiyuan (737), Cui, our envoy from Hexi, was defeated by Tubo, and Wang Wei was ordered by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty to go to Liangzhou for consolation and live under our envoy from Hexi. This poem was written on the way to the fortress.

This is a close-up shot. The poet stood on the hill overlooking the winding river. In the evening, the sunset lowered the river, and the river was sparkling. What a wonderful moment it is! The poet only quoted a word "circle", which accurately described the scenery characteristics of the sunset on the river. As a result of choosing such a perspective, the red sun suddenly enters and exits in the long river, adding to the magnificence of the river swallowing the sun and the moon, thus making the whole picture more magnificent.

The poet focused his pen and ink on what he was best at winning-writing landscapes. The author's mission takes place in spring. On the way, I saw a few lines of returning geese to the north. The poet made a metaphor on the spot, and compared himself with returning geese, which was both narrative and scenery-writing, which was natural and appropriate. In particular, the link of "lonely smoke in the desert, long river setting the yen" describes the strange and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall after entering the frontier fortress. The picture is open and the artistic conception is magnificent, which is called "the wonders of the ages" by Wang Guowei. The frontier desert is boundless, so the word "big" of "desert" is used. The frontier fortress is desolate and wonders. The smoke lit by the beacon tower is particularly eye-catching, so it is called "solitary smoke". A word "solitary" describes the monotony of the landscape, and a word "straight" behind it also shows its strength and perseverance. There are no mountains and trees in the desert, and the Yellow River flowing through it cannot express the poet's feelings unless a word "long" is used. Sunset, originally easy to give people a sentimental impression, uses the word "round" here, but gives people a feeling of warmth and boundless. The word "circle" and "straight" not only accurately describes the desert scene, but also shows the author's deep affection.