| Origin?|
On February 1, 2021, I started the "Filial Piety Classic Study Check-in" together with more than a dozen traditional culture teachers. At that time, we persisted for more than 100 days, non-stop every day.
In this check-in, I read the original text 100 times, checked the new words in person, and then studied the annotations, thinking about how to practice it, learn, think and practice, and plan to take the route of intensive reading.
When reading the Commentary on the Classic of Filial Piety, I discovered a phenomenon: the commentary often quoted a large number of relevant content from the Thirteen Classics.
For example, Chapter 1 of "Commentary on the Classic of Filial Piety":
1. Confucius was named Qiu and his courtesy name was Zhongni. If the husband is equal, the elder and the younger are the second best. Zhongni had an elder brother named Bo, so he was called Zhongni. "Zuo Zhuan" of the sixth year of Huan Huan's reign: "Shen Sui said: There are five names, and the third one is to use the analogy of life as the image." "
2. "The Ancient Classic of Filial Piety" says "Zhongni lived leisurely", Gai Wei sat in the leisurely home, which is consistent with the "Analects of Confucius" saying "Residence! "I say you" has the same meaning, but it is different from the following chapter "I will pay my respects to him when he is here".
3. Whenever a servant is sitting or standing, Zeng Zi's servant is also sitting. "Qu Li" has "Shi" Sit with the gentleman, sit with the honoured, and sit with the gentleman (Editor's note: "Quli" is part of the "Book of Rites")
4. The one who Zhengyi said: "Zi" is Confucius. Self-proclaimed. "Gongyang Zhuan" says: "Zhe is a general name for men. "
5. "Book of Rites: Sacrifice for Righteousness" states that Zeng Zi said: "The fundamental teaching of all is filial piety. "Shangshu": "Respect and apply the five religions." "The explanation is that the godfather is righteousness, the godmother is kindness, the brother is friend, the younger brother is respectful, and the son is filial.
6. Zhengyi said: The body refers to bowing, and the body refers to the four branches. It refers to hair, and skin refers to skin. "Li Yun" says: "When the four bodies are straight, the skin and skin are full. "Poetry" said: "The hair on the temples is like clouds." " (Editor's note: "Liyun" is an article in "Book of Rites", "Poetry" is the "Book of Songs")
7. Those who say "therefore they dare not damage", destroying means a disgrace, Injury means injury. The Master said: "It is not a loss to the body, it is not a disgrace to the body, it can be said to be complete." "And Zheng's note on "Zhou Li" "forbids killing" says that "seeing blood is injury".
8. "Daya" says: "I have no thoughts about my ancestors, and I have cultivated my virtues." "Poetry" · Daya" also. Wu Nian, Nian Ye (Editor's note: "Daya", "Shi·Daya" is "The Book of Songs·Daya")
9. "Jue, Qi Ye", "Explanation" "Article" (Editor's note: "Explanation" is "Erya·Explanation")
From the nine paragraphs excerpted above, we can see that the first chapter of "Commentary on Xiao Jing" quotes the "Thirteen Classics". "The original text involves "Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan", "The Analects of Confucius", "Book of Rites", "Chun Qiu Gongyang Zhuan", "Shang Shu", "Book of Songs", and "Erya". "Zhou Li" does not quote the original text, but Zheng Xuan. Annotations related to "The Rites of Zhou"
Direct and indirect, the first chapter alone involves eight classics in the "Thirteen Classics", and the commentaries on almost every chapter of the eighteen chapters of "The Classic of Filial Piety" are included. They all involve citations of classics related to the "Thirteen Classics"
Another problem I found is that the commentaries often only write the abbreviation, such as the "Book of Songs", the ancients only wrote "Shi", and some only wrote the title. , does not write the title of the book, such as "The Commentary". If you have not read "Erya" once, you may wonder which book "The Commentary" is. After reading it, you will probably know that it is from "Erya".
By extension, the classic commentaries in the Four Books and Five Classics will also involve a large number of quotations from the Thirteen Classics.
If you don't have an overview and general understanding of the "Thirteen Classics", you have to look for these frequently.
? At that time, I thought: If I can read the commentary on the "Thirteen Classics" later. With an overall overview, I can roughly know that a certain sentence is in a certain chapter of a certain book. Would it be easier to read the commentaries and feel familiar?
At this time, I came up with the idea of ????understanding "Ten".
Reading the opening chapter of "Commentaries on the Classic of Filial Piety", Huang Kan said: "The scriptures are always the same as the law. This scripture is a teaching, and there is a long way to go. Even though the times have changed, the inscriptions and stones have changed. It can be eliminated, but it is a permanent thing. It survives forever, which is its permanent nature; it is the scale of hundreds of generations, and it is the capital of human life. This is its law. ”
I felt particularly shocked. It would be a pity not to read such a good book in my life. I immediately made up my mind: From now on, I will devote my whole life to the study and promotion of Confucian classics, and insist on reading the classics every day. At the same time, my heart I came up with a bold idea: read through the "Thirteen Classics"!
The "Thirteen Classics" are the thirteen Confucian classics formed during the Southern Song Dynasty, namely "Book of Changes" and "Book of Changes". , "The Book of Songs", "Zhou Rites", "Rituals", "Book of Rites", "Zuo Zhuan", "Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan", "Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan", "The Analects of Confucius", "The Book of Filial Piety", "Er "Elegance" and "Mencius"
The more I delve into traditional culture and consult relevant materials, the more important I feel the importance of classics and classics.
| The importance of classics?|
< p> "Wen Xin Diao Long Zong Jing" says: "Three poles of Yi training, its book is called Jing. The scriptures are the ultimate Tao that lasts forever, and the teachings that are not published are Hongjiao. ”Mr. Ma Yifu put forward the insightful views that “the six arts should govern all scholarship”, “the six arts should be unified in one mind”, and “the scholarship from the West should also be unified in the six arts”.
Mr. Ma Yifu continues to use The classics of the Han Dynasty first called the Six Arts the Six Classics. He said: "The classics are often called the classics. Art is like the art of trees, and it is called art by teaching.
"The six arts are "Poem", "Book", "Li", "Music", "Yi", and "Spring and Autumn". This is the teaching of Confucius. For two thousand years, our country has generally recognized that the origin of all academic knowledge comes from Here, the rest are all tributaries of the Six Arts. Therefore, the Six Arts can capture various studies, but various studies cannot capture the Six Arts. "The Complete Works of Ma Yifu" (Volume 1)
Mr. Qian Mu also once said: Chinese scholarship. There are two people with the greatest authority: one is Confucius and the other is the Six Classics. Confucius is the highest standard of personality in the history of Chinese academics, and the Six Classics is the highest standard of writings in the history of Chinese academics. Since Confucius, scholars say. Confucius must refer to the Six Classics, and those who treat the Six Classics must also refer to Confucius [Qian Mu's "Introduction to Chinese Studies", Jiuzhou Publishing House, January 2011, 1st edition, page 3]
Mr. Gu Jiegang in 1940. The Origin of the New Commentary on the Plan to Print the Thirteen Classics, written that year, issued a warning: “The Thirteen Classics are the core of our country’s culture. In recent times, foreign aggression has become more and more serious, and the whole country is frightened and loses its defense. Since the imperial examination was abolished, it has been falsely claimed that the study of classics has no impact on people's affairs, the masters have declined, and the subsequent studies are in a state of uncertainty. If we continue to follow this path and do not change, after several decades, the study of Confucian classics will continue to decline and perish. How can our national spirit be so far removed from its roots? "
This statement is truly inspiring!
Mr. Li Xueqin commented on the abolition of the classics theory in the article "The mainstream of Chinese studies is Confucianism, and the core of Confucianism is Confucian classics": "At that time, due to the emphasis on accepting Western learning, Under such circumstances, Mr. Cai Yuanpei made such a decision. Everyone has different opinions on how to evaluate this issue. However, after the study of Confucian classics was cancelled, we looked back decades later and found a problem, that is, Confucian classics has been a forbidden area for a long time. Few people are willing to study it and few people are willing to touch it. ”
The Thirteen Classics is the ancestor of documents handed down from ancient times to the present and the source and backbone of Confucian thought and culture. Its content is extensive and profound, covering many aspects of traditional culture: such as the thinking model of the unity of nature and man, The ideal of great harmony for the common good, the principle of people-oriented governance, the ethical proposition of harmonious interpersonal relationships, the spirit of continuous self-improvement, etc. The essence of these ideas and spirits permeates the character and psychology of the nation, and has strong cohesion. It still has a positive influence today.
Confucian culture has long been in a dominant position in ancient culture. As the classic of Confucian culture, the "Thirteen Classics" has a more respected status and a far-reaching influence than any other classic. It is incomparable. The supreme ruler not only looks for the principles and plans for governing the country, but also follows the Confucian classics in regulating the thoughts of his subjects, establishing ethics and morals, and guiding people's customs. It is everywhere. To understand and study all aspects of Chinese history and society, you must read the "Thirteen Classics"
| Read the "Thirteen Classics" at least once in your life?|
In my mind, the Thirteen Classics are like a majestic mountain, towering into the clouds, out of reach.
Thinking about it, if you read each scripture 100 times, then read it again. Commentary, and then read the next classic, one by one. I wonder when I will be able to read the Thirteen Classics again.
At this middle age, I feel a touch of sadness in my heart: As a lover of traditional culture, it is always a pity if I have never read the Thirteen Classics, the most classic of Chinese traditional culture.
In "Reading Methods of Ancient and Modern Celebrities". I saw a piece of content:
“Put mechanics first, and mechanics is based on reading. Now we take the "Six Classics", "The Analects of Confucius", "Mencius" and "The Classic of Filial Piety" and count them by words: Mao's "Poetry" has 39,124 words; "Shangshu" has 25,700 words. "The Rites of the Zhou Dynasty" has 45,860 words; "The Book of Rites" has 99,200 words; "The Book of Changes" has 24,270 words; "The Chunqiu Zuo Family" has 196,800 words One hundred and forty-five words; The Analects of Confucius has 12,700 words; Mencius has 34,685 words; The Classic of Filial Piety has 1,930 words. The Nine Sutras of the Small and Large Sutras total 484,095 words, and the average talent is considered as the standard. If you recite 300 words a day, you can complete it in just four and a half years; One hundred and fifty crosses can only be completed in nine years. If you are able to read it thoroughly and review it, so that it enters your ears and stays in your heart, and you will not forget it for a long time, it is all due to the accumulated merits. There is a proverb that goes: "When you accumulate silk, it becomes an inch; when you accumulate an inch, it becomes a foot; when you accumulate an inch, it becomes a foot." ’ Although this sentence is small, it can be used to describe something big. Later generations encourage them. ”
This passage further stimulated my idea of ????challenging to read through the entire original text of the "Thirteen Classics". Although this is not a familiar reading and memorization, after reading the "Thirteen Classics", You can go back and choose the classics you are interested in and read them in depth.
After having this idea, I became very excited, so I also had the desire to find like-minded people to persevere. This is undoubtedly a "classic reading". "Long March", I hope to see "a single spark can start a prairie fire." ”
Welcome to join the "Thirteen Classics" reading and check-in activity to light up 2022 and help the Chinese dream.