Metonymy, the whole generation, lonely sails and friends leave.
Definition of metonymy
When you speak or write an article, you don't directly say what you want to express, but borrow someone or something closely related to it instead. This rhetorical method is called metonymy.
Body double is called "noumenon" and body double is called "borrowing body". "Ontology" does not appear, but "borrowing body".
The function of metonymy
Proper use of metonymy can highlight the essential characteristics of things, enhance the image of language, make the writing concise, and make the language rich in change and sense of humor.
Proper use of metonymy can arouse people's association and make the expression receive outstanding images, distinctive features, concrete and vivid effects.
For example, those who carve their names on stones, their names rot earlier than the bodies. ("some people")
The "stone" in the example (1) is usually used as a monument material. Here, "stone" is used to replace the monument, which implicitly reveals that the dream of reactionary rulers who are enemies of the people and want to leave a name for future generations will eventually be shattered.
The use of metonymy
There are many methods of metonymy, mainly the following:
First, part of a whole generation. That is to say, replace the noumenon with the representative part of things.
If the green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, the lonely sails come from the sun. (Looking at Tianmen Mountain from afar)
Replace the boat with a part of the sail.
Second, feature generation ontology. In other words, the name of the ontological thing is replaced by the characteristics and signs of the borrowing body (person or thing).
For example, the compass turned angrily, and at the same time, spoke slowly and went out ...
(4) Yamaraja the same standard. (meiling three chapters)
Example (3) is a characteristic noumenon, because Yang Er's sister-in-law is thin and lonely, so it is called "compass". Example (4) is to use symbols instead of noumenon and "standards" instead of army or armed forces.
Third, concrete generation abstraction.
For example, (5) South China is in the tenth year. (meiling three chapters)
The "beacon smoke" in Example (5) was originally a firework used for vigilance in ancient borders. Here, it refers to war, which concretizes and visualizes the abstract concept of war.
Fourth, tools replace ontology.
For example: ⑥ In the season of scaring farming, eight out of ten households have set fire to their hoard and can't open the pot. (Yu)
In Example 6, "hoarding" is a tool for holding grain, and "lighting the bottom of hoarding" means that there is no grain; "Pot" is a tool for cooking, and "boiling" means no food.
Fifth, they are generally called proper names. Replace the name of ontology with a special name of a typical person or thing.
If you kill a Li Gongpu, millions of Li Gongpu will stand up! ("The Last Speech")
The second "Li Gongpu" in Example 7 refers to people who are not afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice and fight for democracy and peace.