Knowledge map about Xiaohan
Knowledge map about Xiaohan. Xiaohan is one of the twenty-four solar terms. The beginning of Xiaohan solar term also means the cold winter. It’s really here. People nowadays basically don’t understand the solar terms. The following is a knowledge map about Xiaohan. Xiaohan's Knowledge Map 1
"Xiaohan's fish pond is tightly covered with ice, and heavy snowfall is not uncommon." Along with the seemingly endless northwest wind, Xiaohan arrived. It is the fifth solar term of winter, which means the beginning of winter.
The old year is approaching its end and the new year is approaching. Under the severe cold weather at this time, hope for the new year is also quietly sprouting.
"Collection of the Seventy-Two Hours of the Moon Order" explains: "In the December Festival, the cold at the beginning of the month is still small, so it is said. Half the moon is big." Xiaohan means that the weather is already very cold, For China, around the time of March 9th, many large and small rivers in the north have frozen.
How low can the temperature be during this solar term? Popular folk proverbs from various places can serve as evidence. For example, there is a saying in North China that "a small cold and a big cold will turn a drop of water into ice", while in the south of the Yangtze River there is a saying that "a small cold and a big cold will turn the cold into ice balls".
Different years have different cold conditions. In some years, the minor cold is not very cold, which often indicates that the major cold will be colder. Guangxi has left a proverb "the minor cold is not cold and the major cold is cold".
As time goes by, people will also infer the weather in the coming year based on the cold and warm conditions of Xiaohan. There are proverbs that go like "the weather is hot during the minor cold, but don't say it's cold when it's severe", "the minor cold is not cold, the Qingming is a quagmire", "the minor cold is warm, the snow begins at the beginning of spring", "the minor cold is cold, the awakening of insects is warm", etc.
This is all because, not only for human life, but also for crops that need to survive the winter, the cold weather is also a challenge and requires special attention.
In ancient farming societies, people attached great importance to Xiaohan as a time node for farming. But as times change, its connection with daily life is no longer so close, but there are still traces of it. Xiaohan’s knowledge map 2
Xiaohan is the 23rd solar term among the twenty-four solar terms and the fifth solar term in winter.
The "Chinese Astronomical Almanac" shows that the "Small Cold" solar term will usher in at 5:30 on January 6, marking the official start of the winter season.
This season is the coldest period of the year, the "March 9th" period, when "drops of water turn into ice and it's hard to feel comfortable", but the flavor of the New Year is getting stronger and stronger, and people are beginning to enter the rhythm of the "busy New Year". Start various preparations for the Spring Festival.
Douzhizi; the sun’s yellow longitude is 285°; the festival is January 5-7 in the Gregorian calendar. Xiaohan marks the official start of the winter season. Cold air accumulates for a long time and becomes cold. Xiaohan means that the weather is cold but not extremely cold.
Like the Great Cold, Minor Heat, Great Heat and Extreme Heat, it is a solar term that expresses changes in temperature. The weather characteristics of Xiaohan are: the weather is getting colder, but it is not yet very cold.
Which is colder, "Small Cold" or "Big Cold"?
Historical data statistics show that the situation is different in different places and in different years. Generally speaking, the average minimum temperature of the Great Cold solar term in the north is lower than the average minimum temperature of the Lesser Cold solar term; and vice versa in the south.
During the Minor Cold season, most areas of our country have entered a period of severe cold. The soil is frozen, rivers are frozen, and the cold air from the north continues to move southward. The weather is cold, and people call it "nine cold days." Although the southern part of our country is not as cold and cold as the northern part, the temperature has also dropped significantly. The coldest time in the south is between the minor cold and the rain and the hibernation. It is dry and cold during the minor cold, and wet and cold after the rain.
Characteristics of Xiaohan
When the sun’s ecliptic longitude reaches 285 degrees, the Xiaohan solar term begins. Han means cold, and Xiaohan means the degree of coldness.
Southern China has remarkably warm winters. In the middle of winter, in January, there are frosts and snows, and freezing is common. The lowest temperature is around minus 10°C. The lowest temperature in northern South China rarely falls below minus 5°C, and low temperatures below 0°C in southern South China are even rarer. The coldest area in China in mid-winter is northern Heilongjiang, where the lowest temperature can reach around minus 40°C. It is freezing cold and dripping water turns into ice.
Low-altitude river valleys are the warmest places in midwinter in most parts of southern China. The average temperature in January is around 12°C, and only in a few years can temperatures below 0°C occur. In addition, the temperature inversion effect is very significant, so tropical fruits such as bananas and mangoes can grow well.
As the saying goes, "It's cold at thirty-nine." "March 9" usually falls between January 9th and 17th, which is also within the Xiaohan solar term. But this is just a general rule. In a few years, severe cold may be colder than mild cold.
The minimum temperature in South China is not low in winter, which is conducive to production and suitable for the development of diversified businesses. The growth of citrus, which “will not move when ordered to live in the south”, generally requires a minimum temperature of no less than minus 5°C and an annual temperature of higher than 15°C. Most areas in South China can meet this requirement, and almost all subtropical plants are available. For this reason, the unique climatic conditions should be a very important factor.
There are "three seasons" in Xiaohan
The ancients used phenological phenomena such as flowers, birds, grass, insects, etc. to annotate each solar term, and each period has a Phenological response, that is, extracting the most representative phenology as the phenological response of this phenology. Then the horoscopes of each solar term are integrated together to form the seventy-two horoscopes of the twenty-four solar terms.
Among the twenty-four solar terms, only Bailu and Xiaohan use birds as phenological markers. The ancients believed that "birds gain qi first", and birds have an incomparable talent in sensing the flow of yin and yang qi.
The story of Xiaohan described by the ancients is: the first time the wild geese arrive in Beixiang, the second time the magpies start their nests, and the third time the pheasants start their nests. Wild geese migrate north, magpies build nests, and pheasants crow.
Yanbei Township (xiàng). Township, the meaning of guide. During the second yang period, the geese will return to avoid the heat. Now they fly north of the countryside, and they will all return after the beginning of spring. The birds are the first to gain energy.
The magpie begins its nest. For magpies, every time the door of the magpie's nest faces Tai Sui, at the beginning of Tianyuan in the winter solstice, and at the end of the second yang, the solar terms of the coming year have been determined, so the magpie can build a nest and know where to go.
Pheasant Shiyan (gòu). Pheasant, a bird of civilization, is also a yang bird; "雊" means chirping. Pheasants will chirp when they feel the growth of yang energy when approaching 49. Xiaohan’s Knowledge Map 3
1. Eat mutton. The arrival of Xiaohan solar term means the beginning of the coldest days. Rural elders often say "three nines to nourish one winter", so starting from Xiaohan, people should start to pay attention to warming. Mutton is one of the most commonly eaten meats by Chinese people, especially in the cold winter. It is more popular because mutton has the effect of replenishing qi, warming the spleen and kidneys. Eating mutton in winter can improve cold hands and feet and cold spleen and stomach. etc. There are many ways to eat mutton, including rinsing, roasting, making soup, and stir-frying.
2. Eat five reds. The five reds refer to red beans, peanuts, red dates, wolfberries and brown sugar. Because these five ingredients are all red, people call them five reds. In addition to the common characteristic that these five ingredients are all red, they also have another common characteristic, that is, they are all very high in calories and have a warming and tonic effect. Therefore, these five ingredients can be used to make porridge in winter. It warms both the stomach and the heart.
3. Eat glutinous rice. In many areas, there is a custom of eating glutinous rice to ward off the cold in Xiaohan. People think that glutinous rice has higher calories than ordinary rice. When people cook glutinous rice, they also add some warming foods, such as bacon, sausages, peanuts, mushrooms, and Yao. Ingredients such as pillars, a bowl of soft, glutinous and sweet glutinous rice in the morning will make your whole body feel warm, especially suitable for cold Osamu.
Three things Xiaohan doesn’t do
1. Don’t stay up late. Nowadays, many young people have the habit of staying up late, but continuing to stay up late after Xiaohan will cause great harm to the body. Because the weather is cold after the minor cold, the yang energy in the human body gradually decreases. If you continue to stay up late, it will damage the yang energy in the body and cause physical diseases. Therefore, after the minor cold, you should develop the habit of going to bed early and getting up early, and no longer stay up late. .
2. Do not stay indoors for a long time. The weather is getting colder day by day after the minor cold. Many people don't like to go out and like to do indoor activities for a long time. However, windows are often not opened indoors for ventilation, and the air in the house will become stale. People live indoors for a long time and do not go out for activities. Over time, the body's immunity will become lower and lower, and it may even cause old diseases. Therefore, after the Xiaohan solar term, even though the weather is getting colder, you should go outdoors frequently to improve your immunity.
3. Don’t eat greasy and spicy food. Although Xiaohan is the season for taking supplements, it is not always better to take supplements, because the air in winter is very dry, and people can easily get angry in this state. If the food you eat is too greasy or too spicy, it will cause the body to suffer from internal heat. Internal heat is generated during the cold, resulting in constipation, acne, and you are particularly susceptible to influenza infection. Therefore, you must take reasonable supplements after the minor cold. In addition to eating meat, you should also eat more fruits and vegetables. A reasonable diet will make the body healthier.