Xiangshan has attracted countless celebrities and writers to watch it, including the famous Emperor Qianlong. According to records, Emperor Qianlong visited Xiangshan Mountain in Beijing 76 times. What's so special about Xiangshan that Emperor Qianlong took the trouble to come and see it? This is really something worth thinking about.
In the summer of the eighth year of Qianlong, the 33-year-old Emperor Qianlong visited Xiangshan for the first time and was attracted by its beautiful scenery. Here, the talented Emperor Qianlong aroused the poet's romance. He is full of poetry, a scene, free and unrestrained, and feels that his soul has been satisfied and comforted.
He marveled at the changeable clouds and quiet and comfortable atmosphere in Xiangshan. His eyes are full of bright colors, and the crisp sound of running water in his ears is exciting, like the sound of transparent and clean Yu Pei colliding with Yuhuan, which is beautiful.
Even the ordinary grass-leaf trees on the ground are extraordinary at this time, adding luster to Xiangshan; The towering and hard valleys around are also more unusual because of the beauty of Xiangshan. Under the fog, the mountains in the distance are changeable, tempting people's curiosity.
When Qianlong saw Xiangshan for the first time, he began to miss coming to Xiangshan next time, which must be different from this time. Xiangshan left a good impression on Qianlong, so that Qianlong stayed here all the time. After emperor Qianlong returned to the palace, he ordered the Eight Banners Guards Barracks in Yuanmingyuan to increase the duties of guarding and clearing Xiangshan when the emperor was stationed in Xiangshan.
After many visits to Xiangshan, Qianlong decided to build Xiangshan on a large scale. He set up a Commissioner in Xiangshan to manage garden affairs, and selected two excellent and capable deputy directors from Jingming Garden and Xiyuan Garden to be responsible for the preparations for garden construction. Xiangshan Royal Garden was finally built after nine months.
Ganlong is committed to the construction of Xiangshan and attaches great importance to it. After Xiangshan was built, Qianlong couldn't wait to see it. The construction technology of the garden can be described as brilliant. It is unique in that it is good at making use of the unique terrain of Xiangshan and the former old palace, and on this basis, it creates a unique garden landscape.
This kind of building is based on the original palace, adding courtyard walls and building temples. The palaces are strewn at random and stand opposite each other. In the hinterland of mountainous areas, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers, you have built courtyards and other places for people to stay and enjoy. After the garden was built, Gan Long was very satisfied and was named "Jingyi Garden" by Gan Long.
Jingyi Garden is known as 28 scenic spots, and Julie Building is one of them. Emperor Qianlong's mother likes it here very much. Every time she comes to Xiangshan, she lives in Lizhou Building. Julie Building is located in an open flat land to the east of Xiangshan, with excellent light and vision. There is a pavilion in front of the building called "Sunny Pavilion". Walking here seems to put people in the artistic conception of "good birds return to the mountains"
There used to be a strange building in the southwest of Julie Building, which was called "Lv Yun Ship". Emperor Qianlong built this building for two purposes. One is to adopt the artistic conception of Emperor Kangxi's "Yun Fan Moon Boat", and the other is to warn future generations through this building: "Water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it", so as to illustrate his own way of governing the country.
When Gan Long designed the Jingyi Garden, he couldn't help but incorporate his ideas into it. The nomination of architecture, the poetry praising Xiangshan, and the intention of Emperor Qianlong in Xiangshan are really everywhere. Therefore, Qianlong's memory of Xiangshan is not only natural scenery, but also profound humanistic heritage. This construction deepened the connection between emperor Qianlong and Xiangshan, and enhanced Qianlong's goodwill towards Xiangshan.
Regarding the concept of governing the country by self-cultivation, Qianlong himself summed up four points: First, be open-minded, quietism. Qianlong is a poet and a monarch. As a poet, he enjoys the feeling and wisdom brought by mountains and rivers. As a monarch, he can also understand the qualities of wisdom and kindness and the cultivation of the monarch.
Secondly, look at places of interest and concentrate. Emperor Qianlong has a unique love for natural landscapes, and he has his own pursuits and desires. He can forget the mountains and rivers, find his own poetic meaning and find his own lofty sentiments. By enjoying the beautiful scenery, he realized the spiritual pursuit of observing Tao.
The third is diligence, asking about agriculture and watching crops. In Jingyi Garden, Gan Long established Qin Zhengting Hall, where he discussed state affairs with ministers and solved people's suffering in this beautiful landscape. Qianlong set up Qin Zhengtang in the garden to warn himself not to forget farming and mulberry, and to be diligent.
Yuxiangge is a scenic spot in Xiangshan. "The rain in the mountains has its own advantages, and the rain scene is particularly strange." Ganlong was named in this poem. His explanation is that the rain in the sky will soak the earth and the harvest of crops will come. People will work hard and feel the fragrance of hard work.
Finally, it is quiet and far-reaching, and it is a powerful country. Although I like to enjoy the mountains and rivers, I can't ignore government affairs. This is what Emperor Qianlong asked of himself. Emperor Qianlong has enjoyed the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers countless times in his life, but as he asked, he did not waste government affairs. He is diligent and can always see a trace of government work in the landscape pavilion.
Zhiyuan Zhai is an important part of Qin Zheng Guild Hall, and the word Zhiyuan comes from "not indifferent, not quiet, not far away". The purpose of this naming is to warn future generations that the ambition should be clear and firm, and the realization of the ideal should be slow and steady.
Emperor Qianlong visited Xiangshan Mountain in Beijing seventy-six times, not only because of the unique scenery, but also because of its own quality and concept. Gan Long is a romantic poet. He has the freedom and breadth of a poet. He pinned his feelings on mountains and rivers and found his freedom and pursuit in them. Gan Long is also a qualified monarch. While pursuing one's own ideals, one should not forget one's roots. "Going to the park without wasting government affairs" is an important requirement for him.
Gan Long loved Xiangshan, and he also integrated his idea of governing the country into the construction of Xiangshan. No matter in the construction process or in the actual use in the future, people can see the traces of Emperor Qianlong's concept of self-cultivation and governing the country. In all the praises and ingenious titles about Xiangshan, we can see the love and profound humanistic heritage of Emperor Qianlong for the Fragrant Hills Jingyi Garden.