Picking hibiscus by the river, Lanzeduo fragrant grass. Who will be left (given away)? Thinking far away. Looking back at my hometown, it's a long way. I am bent on leaving home and worried to death.
2. Western Zhou Dynasty ① Song Dynasty (Yuefu Folk Songs in Southern Dynasties)
Recalling Xizhou, folding plum and sending it to Jiangbei. Single shirt apricot red, double-faced crow young color ③. Where is Xixi Jiao? The two oars on board can be placed at the ferry pier of the Kau Xizhou Bridge. The shrike flies at dusk and the wind blows the Chinese tallow tree. Under the tree is the door, and the door is full of green jade. She opened the door and didn't see her sweetheart. She went out to pick red-violet flowers. Autumn, autumn Nantang, she is holding a lotus seed, and the lotus grows taller. Bow your head and get lotus seeds, green as water. In the lotus sleeve, the lotus seeds are all red. Recalling Mandy, I looked up at Hong Fei. The sky was full of geese, and she went up to the tower to see her husband. Although the tower is high, she can't see her husband. She leans against the railing all day. The railing bent and bent into the distance, and her hands were as bright as jade. The blinds are high and the sea is shaking green. If the sea is as long as a dream, then you are sad and I am sad. If Nanfeng knows how I feel, please blow my dream to Puxi Island.
Note (1) [Xizhou] place name, not detailed. It is a memorial place for men and women in this article. 2 [below]. Plum blossom season is a moment for men and women to commemorate together in this poem. (3) describe the crow young color 】 【 black hair shine. Little crow, little crow. (4)[ Shrike] Songbirds begin to sing in midsummer. ⑤ Jade jewelry or jade jewelry. 6 [Lotus Heart] and "Compassion Heart" are puns, that is, the heart of love. All landowners [completely red] completely red. ⑧ [Wang Feihong] The meaning of expected letters, the ancients had a legend that Hongyan handed down books. Pet-name ruby 】 【 the blinds are high and the sea shakes green 】 this sentence seems to be upside down. It means the blue sky is like the sea on autumn nights. The wind blows the curtains, and seeing the sky through the curtains feels like the sea. It is said that the river here is called the sea, and "sea water" refers to the river. [leisurely] is far away. Tianhai is boundless, so it is "leisurely", and Tianhai's "leisurely" is like a dream's "leisurely". Jun refers to the lover who lives in Jiangbei.
3. Excerpt from Liang Zai (Li Bai), the prefect of Huai Jiang.
Like the lotus of water, it has the nature of nature.
4, quatrains diffuse xing (7) (Du Fu)
The diameter of poplar flowers is covered with white felt, and the lotus leaves in the stream are stacked with green money. No one has seen the young child with bamboo shoots. The young child in the sand sleeps next to his mother.
5, picking lotus songs (Zhu Xiang)
The boat is floating lightly,/the willows are swaying in the wind; /Lotus leaf, emerald cover,/Lotus flower, charming in the world. /Sunset,/Microwave,/Golden thread flashing river. /Left,/Right,/Singing on the Lotus Boat.
Lotus flowers are half open,/bees and butterflies are not allowed to come lightly,/accompanied by green water,/clean and dustless. /Streams/Lotus picking,/Water drops slide over lotus money. /clap hard,/clap gently,/the sound of the paddle responds to the song.
The lotus root has a long heart,/shame and a deep bottom; /No cocoon,/Silky pupa wrapped in the center? /Wash your hair/Pick lotus roots,/Girls want to pick them, and Man Zi wants them. /The waves are sinking,/The waves are rising,/There are songs on the waves.
There are many lotus seeds,/willows flying on both sides,/magpies noisy,/pomegranate flowers falling in Silla. /In the stream/Picking lotus,/My ears are reddish. /The wind is calm,/The wind is born,/The wind is singing.
I raised the moon hook,/I understand Penny the Weaver; /Fog blows water,/Cool breeze blows lotus boat. /Square,/Yi Xiang,/Dissolve into a piece of Wang Yang; /When it is quiet,/When it smells,/There is a song in the void.
Influence: Lotus grows out of mud but not dyed, clear but not demon.
2. Poems praising the noble quality of lotus 1. "Love Lotus" Zhou Dunyi in the Northern Song Dynasty is a flower of land and water vegetation, lovely and sweet.
Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, people all over the world have loved peonies.
Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.
Hey! The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.
2. "Every palace gives one thing to get the first lotus" Tang Li breezes, with long and round leaves. The dew and dew are together, and the sunset reflects the flowers deeply.
Never touch water, clean your mind. 3. "Lotus" Tang Liqiao newly slipped into a full skin, and the round lotus shadow was irregular.
The wind is fragrant and far away, and the sunset is shaded. Fish play with leaves, turtles float to see the green pool.
It is difficult for Wei to accept mining, but Chu takes mining. 4. "He Yongxin Ying Zhao" Shen Yue in the Southern and Northern Dynasties did not say that grass and flowers were cheap, but fortunately lived in Tianchi.
Waves come from tiny roots, not short stems. Know your heart better, and the purple is red! 5. Clear water produces hibiscus, which is naturally carved.
-Tang Li Bai's "After the chaos, Tian En Liu Yelang recalled the old books and gave them to Jiang Taishou for slaughter."
3. A poem describing the noble quality of lotus, Ailian said:
Author Zhou Dunyi, Song Dynasty
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, people all over the world have loved peonies. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous.
Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
Translation annotation
There are many kinds of woody flowers of land and water herbs, which are worth loving. Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums. Since Li in Tang Dynasty, most people in the world like peony. I only love that the lotus grows from the accumulated silt and is not polluted, but it doesn't look enchanting after being washed with clear water. (Its stem) runs through the middle, and it is straight, unbroken and unbranched, and the fragrance spreads more fragrant, standing upright and clean in water. People can look at (lotus) from a distance, but they can't play with it easily.
I think chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; Peony is a rich person in flowers; Lotus is a gentleman among flowers. Ah! Tao Yuanming seldom heard about the love of chrysanthemum. (Right) Lotus love, who else is like me? Of course, there are many people who love peony!
4. The sentence describing the noble quality of lotus 1. Since then, every time I walk through the lotus pond, I still want to see the lotus, but when I stop staring at the wonders of the lotus and lotus leaves in the field, I feel that only the lotus blooms in the middle of the lotus leaves, and only the lotus blossoms in the pond will show real beauty.
2, the rhyme of the lotus-the rhyme lies in the lotus "out of the mud but not dyed, clear but not demon" to lead a clean and honest life. The rhyme of lotus lies in the selfless dedication of lotus leaf as a supporting role. The rhyme of lotus-the rhyme lies in the bold and straightforward lotus root. The rhyme of lotus-the rhyme lies in the firmness and tenacity of "taking lotus as clothes and hibiscus as clothes"-the rhyme lies in the dignity and generosity of "slim and straight". Lotus rhyme-in my heart forever!
5. Praise the plum blossom of noble character
-Wang Anshi
There are some plum trees in the corner.
Lin Han drives alone.
Even from a distance, they can't be mistaken for snow.
Because a fragrance comes with the breeze.
[Explanation] In the corner, some plum blossoms bloom alone in the cold. Why do you know from a distance that Bai Meihua is not snow? That's because the fragrance of plum blossoms wafted faintly.
This poem was written during Wang Anshi's two strikes. Taking this as a boundary, Wang Anshi's poetic style has changed greatly. At that time, due to the fierce party struggle and frequent poetic disasters, poets generally showed boldness and restraint.
This poem does not describe the branches and leaves and flower shapes of plum blossom, but deliberately writes the character of plum blossom "cold ling bloom alone" and its refreshing "dark fragrance". The plum blossom written here is the embodiment of the author's personality. Wang Anshi failed in political reform and was forced to resign. He is very lonely. But he still stubbornly stuck to his political ideals. This poem expresses the author's ideological character and affection as always with a touching artistic image.
6. The poem "On Ailian" is a metaphor for the noble quality of lotus.
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous.
Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.
Love Lotus is an essay written by Zhou Dunyi, a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty. Through the description of the image and quality of lotus, this paper praises the faithful character of lotus, thus showing the author's noble personality and generous mind.
Among them, the poems that compare the noble quality of lotus are:
Out of the mud without staining, clear without demon, straight without crawling outside, clear fragrance, graceful, but not ridiculous from a distance.
7. What are the famous sentences praising "the noble quality of lotus"? 1, muddy but not dirty, clear but not demon.
From Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus Theory" 2 in the Northern Song Dynasty, the lotus leaf is infinitely beautiful. From Yang Wanli's seven-character quatrain "Dawn Out of Jingci Temple to Send Lin Zifang" in the Southern Song Dynasty, Xiao He only shows sharp corners, and dragonflies have long stood on it.
From Yang Wanli's "Little Pond" in the Southern Song Dynasty. 4. How many green lotus seeds hate each other and look back at the west wind for a while. From the poet Du Mu's "Two Couples in Qi 'an County" 5. Pick lotus every day and go home at dusk.
Lotus House is a five-character quatrain written by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei. From the full text of Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus Theory" in the Northern Song Dynasty: the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet.
Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, people all over the world have loved peonies.
Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.
Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people. Appreciation: Lotus was once the object of admiration in the works of literati in past dynasties, but most literati were amazed at its beautiful posture and simple appearance and shaped it into various pens. However, this excellent essay has a unique way. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus, it eulogizes the loyal character of the lotus, thus showing the author's noble personality of leading an honest and clean life, not colluding with the secular world, despising and hating the world that pursues fame and fortune.
The first part describes the image of lotus in detail, and the second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of lotus, expressing the author's deep sigh through the situation of lotus. The first part of the article describes the noble quality of lotus.
First of all, "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon" wrote the valuable spirit of lotus in the mud, but spotless, not following the secular, self-love naive and natural; Secondly, "straight through the outside, not rambling", wrote its noble quality of straight empty pipe and no climbing; Once again, "you can look at it from a distance, don't play with it", and write that lotus is as sacred as a proud gentleman. Everything mentioned above is actually a portrayal of the author's personality and a self-evident mind, which can be proved from the second part of the article.
As the author said, "Who gave the lotus love?" The subtext is that there are too few people with pure lotus flowers like him. In the first paragraph of the article, chrysanthemums and peony flowers are used as a foil, which shows that he loves lotus only, portrays the image of lotus and praises its character.
In the second paragraph, by comparing with the "seclusion" of chrysanthemum and the "wealth" of peony, it points out the metaphorical meaning of the lotus "gentleman", which shows the author's yearning for the gentleman and his attitude towards life. Through the description and praise of the lotus, the full text eulogizes the virtue of a gentleman's "emerging from the mud without being stained", and expresses the noble character of the author who does not collude with the secular world and his contempt and disgust for the world that pursues fame and gain.
Ailian Shuo has the same characteristics as Shuo in style, that is, borrowing things to express meaning. Starting with "emerging from the mud without staining", the article describes the lotus bearing style with strong colors, which places the author's affirmation and pursuit of ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the secular mentality of pursuing wealth and fame and his pursuit of a clean and honest life.
At the same time, the article also uses the method of comparison and contrast, and compares the beauty of lotus with chrysanthemum and peony several times in the article; It also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemum, the wealth of peony and the nobleness of lotus, thus deepening the theme of "love lotus". Instead of empty preaching, it achieves the purpose of deepening the theme through the ingenious comparison of three images. Its key point is "out of the mud but not stained, clear and not demon."
This sentence is just the opposite of the meaning expressed by "those who are close to ink are black". Its central sentence is: "Lotus is a gentleman of flowers."
"Mud comes out without staining, clear and ripple, not demon" also has a second meaning. Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without staining, being clear without demon".
In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it.
And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers.
This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously.
Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" begins with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet". It laid a logical foreshadowing for his next "single love lotus".
So, the pen is extraordinary and eye-catching. Next, Zhou Dunyi did not entangle in Fan Fan, but simply narrowed down the scene. The sentence "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums" makes this question more clear. Tao Yuanming can express his feelings by loving chrysanthemums. How can I not love Lotus alone? The next sentence, "Since Li Tang came, the world loves peonies very much", which seems to be repetitive, but actually deepens the meaning. Moreover, this sentence makes the sense of contrast stronger, and it also paves the way for him to seek the nobility of lotus.
Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus flowers is different from Tao Jin Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to keep a noble and pure life, he would rather die in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world.
This mentality of staying innocent in a dirty world and seeking truth alone is essentially different from the herd mentality that everyone envies wealth (peony). This paves the way for Ailian's theory of "getting out of the mud without being stained".
The next sentence, Zhou Dunyi, goes straight to the point, "Love lotus is not touching, clear and enchanting, straight to the outside, not scattered and without branches, fragrant and clear, graceful and pure, and it is not ridiculous from a distance." Writing the language of the lotus, loving the lotus and expressing Yu Lian's ambition can be described as one go, which seems to be an intuitive description of the lotus, but in fact it is full of words. The exquisiteness of this pen is amazing.
It can be said that the whole reader has no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and long, and the more delicious it is, the more delicious it is.
"To call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. " This plain sentence continues to the section "Tao Jinyuan loves alone"
8. Noble Character of Lotus 】 《 Historical Records Biography of Lotus 》 Lotus culture has a long history in China, which can be traced back to 1 1 century BC at the earliest, and has a long history since the next day. Students are divided into five groups to introduce the development and evolution history of lotus culture.
(1) Origin of Lotus Culture in Neolithic Age (2) Formation of Lotus Culture from Western Zhou Dynasty to Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period (3) Development of Lotus Culture from Qin and Han Dynasties to Southern and Northern Dynasties (4) Prosperity of Lotus Culture from Sui and Tang Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties (5) Prosperity of Lotus Culture. The development history of modern lotus is almost accompanied by the civilization of the whole Chinese nation. Let's discuss the reasons why the lotus culture is still well preserved after historical vicissitudes and waves. . Cn/200406/ca488994.htm-I worked in Hangzhou for many years in the early days of the liberation of lotus and lotus culture. Hangzhou has excellent scenery and is famous in China. Even the visit to Suzhou Garden, Yangzhou Garden and Changshu Back Garden added a landscape to these scenic spots.
Zhou Dunyi, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, summed up the true meaning of lotus in a few words: "Lotus is a gentleman of flowers, not a demon ..." When we were young, there was this article in the Chinese textbook of middle school. I remember a teacher who told us earnestly: "The purpose of reciting this article is to learn to be a gentleman, to be honest and upright in any bad environment, and to be a man must not be sidelined and be an upright China person."
And the lotus does live up to this sacred ideal, blooming gracefully in countless muddy ponds and lakes, as well as pools and tanks of big families. The scientific name of lotus is lotus, which is taken from Sinhala.
Lotus is the most commonly used plant as a symbol of religion and philosophy. In the past 5000 years, lotus has represented sacredness, feminine beauty and purity, resurrection, elegance and the sun respectively.
There are still wild lotus flowers in some remote places in Asia, but most of them are used to decorate the scenery and eat. Lotus seeds and lotus roots are common foods in Asia, so many people cultivate them carefully. Lotus is big and fragrant, usually with red in white, but there are also carefully cultivated stripes and crimson varieties.
North America has Huang Lian with yellow flowers. Lotus stems are generally hollow and straight, and lotus leaves are thin and fluffy and do not touch water.
After the flat-topped lotus blooms, each hole bears a seed, that is, lotus seed. The vitality of lotus seeds is the longest among plants.
195 1 year, someone found three lotus seeds 2000 years ago in a peat swamp near Tokyo, one of which sprouted and blossomed, and finally bore fruit. Lotus grows in subtropical and temperate regions, such as Central Asia, India, China and Japan.
But many people mistakenly believe that lotus is produced in Egypt and the Mediterranean. The ancient Egyptians decorated "lotus buds" on the top of the pillars of the temple, imitating water lilies, while Homer's epic "Odyssey" actually drank a drink made of dates (unrelated to lotus flowers) and entered a state of forgetting troubles.
Around 500 BC, lotus was introduced into Egypt, probably brought by Persians. Herodotus, a Greek writer, wrote when describing Egyptian plants: "There are some lilies like roses growing in the river; This kind of fruit grows in a pod, like a yellow honeycomb.
There are many fruits the size of olive stones to eat, fresh or dry. "What he said is obviously the lotus.
The earliest known works of art related to lotus are also the combination of lotus and God. It is a naked goddess with a lotus flower on her head. It was unearthed in the Ganges valley of India and is a relic of 3000 BC. The record of the Indian lotus goddess in the literature was first found in the Vedic literature in India, saying that the lotus god was born in the lotus, stood on the lotus and wore a lotus wreath.
An ancient Indian poet described his lover in ancient Sanskrit: "Your eyes are like lotus, your hands are like lotus, like lotus root." In the myth of Brahmanism, it is said that the God of Creation appeared from the lotus born in Vishnu's navel when he entered the country.
The Birol people who live in the middle of the Indian subcontinent have a similar statement when explaining the origin of the world: "At first, there was water all over the world, and the lotus came out of the water. At that time, the giant god lived in the underworld and came out into the water through the lotus stem, taking the lotus as the seat. "
After the emergence of Buddhism, Buddhists also adopted lotus as the main symbol of Buddhism. It is said that after the birth of Prince Siddhartha, who later became a Buddha, he immediately took seven steps to the ground and gave birth to lotus seeds step by step.
So the lotus became the symbol of his birth. Since the first century AD, Buddha statues have often sat on the lotus platform. His sitting posture, either lotus or auspicious, has become a typical sitting posture of Buddhist monks in meditation.
According to the explanation of the Great Sun Sutra: "The left foot is the upper right first, and the right foot is the upper left, which is called lotus sitting;" One foot on the right is called auspicious sitting. "Buddhists believe that lotus can reflect the level of practice, and that a monk sincerely recites Buddha, then a lotus will be born in the Qibaochi in the west. If he is diligent, his flowers will grow bigger and bigger; if he is lazy, his flowers will wither.
I also believe: "People in the heavens, even those who fly and climb and go to live in the Amitabha Buddhist Temple, were born in Qibao Chilian Central China." Lotus has spread to every corner of Asia with Buddhism.
Pictures of lotus flowers can be seen in the Brahmaputra Buddhist altar in Java, Burj ancient city in Myanmar, temples in Sukhothai and Angkor Wat in Thailand, bell tower in Sri Lanka, Burial Blue in Bali and symbol of Tibet. In the famous six-character mantra of Tibetan Buddhism Lamaism, "Hey, it's beautiful." The Japanese mainly associate lotus with death and ghost world.
The typical method of Japanese flower arrangement is to use semi-withered lotus leaves and lotus buds, newly opened lotus leaves and lotus buds, and unopened lotus leaves and lotus buds to represent the past, present and future respectively. However, the deepest relationship between lotus and culture is China.
Since ancient times, the people of China have loved this kind of plant, thinking it is a symbol of the noble character of leading an honest and clean life and not colluding with others. Therefore, the poet once praised it as "lotus born in mud, not in tune with mud." In China literature, poems and songs related to lotus have many different names, and the most common ones are lotus, lotus and lotus.
Chinese painting takes lotus as a symbol of summer, which is often used in China porcelain, carpets and costumes.