The macro scenes presented in the novel "Journey to the West" are "Heaven", "Underworld" and "Human World". In such a grand scene, the characters who frequently appear are generally the Emperor of Heaven, Gods, Buddhas and Taoists. Therefore, it is not difficult to imagine that the little characters Tang Monk met on his way to obtain scriptures would not allude to (reflect) ordinary people in reality. So who does the character Zhu Bajie mean?
In fact, the "Tang Monk's Story of Pursuing Buddhist Scriptures" has been circulating among the people for a long time. By the Song Dynasty, there was a literary role model of "Monkey Walker", and later it was gradually adapted into stage dramas. However, judging from the content of various scripts, the literary and artistic level of the 100-episode version of "Journey to the West" has reached its peak. And analyzing the entire ideological routine and the various mysteries hidden in it, we can find that the 100-episode version of "Journey to the West" seems to have reached its peak. The work of one person does not look like the result of arrangements by many people in different dynasties.
If the image of "Zhu Bajie" created by the literati of the Ming Dynasty is to allude to some negative historical figures and let readers fish for it in the long river of history, is there a historical figure with as bad a record as Zhu Bajie? a lot of! But the only people I can find who can match up with Zhu Bajie are the rebel general An Lushan of the Tang Dynasty and the Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty. 1. Exploring the Secrets of Marshal Tianpeng
Chang'e in the Moon Palace? This is also a myth compiled by ancient literati, but in "Journey to the West", "Chang'e" is used as the story, and she is locked in the "Guanghan Palace". This "Guanghan Palace" itself reflects the cold palace set up by the emperor, or it can also be the "cold palace" on the spiritual level of ancient literati. Obviously, this beauty named "Chang'e" can only be mapped to female historical figures in real life. She can represent some female historical figures like Tang Guifei Yang Yuhuan who had a good reputation among the people but did not die well. their souls.
If Chang'e can really be mapped to Yang Guifei, the prototype of Marshal Tianpeng must be the Hu general An Lushan.
In the Tang Dynasty, there were many literary and military talents inside and outside the palace, and villains and romantic figures were more likely to appear in literary works. Counting the villains of the Tang Dynasty, the most influential one was An Lushan, who held heavy troops, guarded the gates of heaven, and was a military envoy. This man is fat and extremely greedy and lustful. In the unofficial history, many scandals were exposed between him and the imperial concubine who he once worshiped as his adoptive mother.
If characters like An Lushan who had rebelled against the Tang Dynasty appeared in the works of Central Plains literati, their souls would definitely be sent to the "eighteen levels of hell". In "Journey to the West", he was demoted to the human world as a pig by the Jade Emperor.
When reading "Journey to the West", you also need to pay attention to a phenomenon: the same "god" or soul can appear among the people in the form of "flesh" in different historical periods. In other words, according to the view of time and space shown in "Journey to the West", historical figures from different dynasties and different experiences can appear in a storyline at the same time; we can understand that "Journey to the West" is about a group of historical celebrities. The souls, dressed in various characters or animal skins, play on the spiritual stage of readers.
Therefore, the social prototypes mapped by each character in "Journey to the West" are not single. The characters in the book can be a collection of historical figures. For example, the "Jade Emperor" represents the orthodox imperial system, Erlang Zhenjun represents the local political power, etc.
There is a poem describing Zhu Bajie’s life in the 19th chapter of "Journey to the West", "Yunzhan Cave Wukong Collects Bajie in the Sky and Xuanzang receives the Heart Sutra at Futu Mountain":
Inherited the character of mind since childhood Clumsy, greedy for leisure and love for laziness without rest. Without cultivating one's nature and cultivating one's true nature, one spends the days and months in a state of chaos and confusion. Suddenly I met a true immortal in my leisure time, so I sat down and said to Han Wen. Please advise me to change my mind and not fall into the mortal world, hurting living beings and causing endless evil. When the time comes to die, I will regret all the eight difficulties and three paths. Hearing the words leads to spiritual practice; hearing the words, the mind returns to seek the secrets. Due to the fate, he immediately worshiped as his teacher and instructed the heaven gate and the earth gate. The nine-turn great rejuvenating elixir has to be taught, and the work is done day and night. Go up to Niwan Palace at the top gate and go down to Yongquan Point on the footboard. The peripheral kidney water flows into Hua Chi, and the Dantian is replenished with warmth. Babies and girls match yin and yang, lead and mercury match each other to divide the sun and the moon. Lilong, Kanhu and Hu were used to reconcile, and the turtle sucked up all the blood of the Golden Crow. The three flowers gather at the top to return to their roots, and the five qi are clear towards the origin. When the power is fulfilled, he ascends to heaven, and the gods come to greet him. Colorful clouds grow under Lang Ran's feet, he is light and healthy and heads toward the Golden Tower. The Jade Emperor held a banquet for the immortals, and arranged their classes according to their grades. The marshal was granted the title of Commander-in-Chief of the Tianhe River, and the Governor-General of the Navy was granted the title of Xianjie. Just because the Queen Mother knows how to sell peaches, she holds a banquet in Yaochi and invites all the guests. At that time, I was drunk and staggering around. The hero crashed into Guanghan Palace, and the romantic fairy came to meet him. Seeing his appearance is so captivating that it is difficult to extinguish the old ordinary heart. There was no dignity or inferiority at all, so I pulled Chang'e to stay with her. Repeatedly disobeying, hiding here and there, feeling unhappy. The color and boldness are as loud as thunder, almost shaking the Tianguan Tower. When the Lingguan on guard duty plays the role of the Jade Emperor, I will be unlucky that day. The siege of Guanghan has no ventilation, no way to advance or retreat, and it is difficult to escape. But the gods caught me, and the wine was still in my heart. He was escorted to Lingxiao to see the Jade Emperor and asked to be executed according to the law. Thanks to Taibai Li Jinxing, he went out to work and said it in person. The punishment was changed to a severe punishment of two thousand hammers, and the flesh was torn, the skin was torn, and the bones were about to be broken. Fangsheng was demoted from Tianguan, and he planned his family business at the foot of Fuling Mountain. Because of my sins, I was reincarnated as a pig and a hyena.
The following verses in it are very similar to reflecting the wild history between An Lushan and Yang Guifei:
The tiger in Lilongkan is used to reconcile, and the turtle sucks up the blood of the golden crow. The three flowers gather at the top to return to their roots, and the five qi are clear towards the origin. When the power is fulfilled, he ascends to heaven, and the gods come to greet him. Colorful clouds grow under Lang Ran's feet, he is light and healthy and heads toward the Golden Tower.
Three flowers gathered at the top is called "hanging". The nodes of the noose are three ropes, and the "three flowers" are the fatal noose.
There is also a cold palace in the Heavenly Palace, which is the "Guanghan Palace". A daughter of the Yang family has just grown up. This girl was originally an ordinary girl. She was married to the emperor and became a prostitute (don't get me wrong, the "娨娥" here refers to a singing girl), and her achievements were completed and she became "Chang'e". He often holds the Jade Rabbit at his waist, and it will bring all the troubles and disasters to him. The jade rabbit reflects the "jade ring" around the imperial concubine's waist. A girl from the Yang family was born with a jade belt wrapped around her waist, so she was named "Yang Yuhuan". In Chinese mythology, Chang'e was originally the wife of Hou Yi, who ascended to the Moon Palace alone after swallowing the elixir of immortality. Few people discuss who "Hou Yi" reflects. In fact, "Hou Yi" is a homophonic pronunciation of "descendants". Hou Yi shot down nine suns. In Chinese culture, the "sun" represents the emperor. The sun that was shot to death became "black gold". The Sui and Tang Dynasties in China were the heyday of the production of fairy tales. In the author's opinion, the prototype of the fairy "Chang'e" reflects the beautiful artist Yang Guifei, because at that period, only Yang Guifei was the "goddess" in the hearts of the people of later generations. Looking for a real life prototype for the "Chang'e" fairy, only Yang Yuhuan can match it. If Concubine Yang is "Chang'e", then "Houyi" is Li Longji. Li Longji is indeed a descendant of the orthodox emperor, but the "Anshi Rebellion" did not end well on the spiritual level. But he also founded the "Kaiyuan Dynasty" after nine emperors since the Sui Dynasty, which is consistent with the legend of Hou Yi shooting down the "nine suns". Chang'e secretly ate the "Elixir of Youth". What is the "Elixir of Youth"? In reality, people will understand the elixir of youth as a medicine that can lead to immortality. In fact, in mythology, the "elixir of youth" is a metaphor for methods that can allow a nation to continue to reproduce and prosper, that is, some activities related to the sexual affairs of men and women. Many Taoist priests refined "immortality" medicine for emperors. This medicine was an aphrodisiac pill specially made for the elderly emperor. The so-called "immortality" medicine is a legend of future generations. Were the ancient emperors very fatuous? not necessarily! Chang'e's secret consumption of the "elixir of life" alludes to the romantic affair between An Lushan and Yang Guifei, which is widely rumored in unofficial history. The word "stealing food" is also a concrete manifestation of Yang Guifei's spiritual betrayal of the emperor. (Chang'e's flight to the moon is a mythical story. The current popular theory was first recorded in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas", but there is no record in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". Since the story of Chang'e appears in "Journey to the West", the character Chang'e can completely reflect it. Any beautiful woman in reality) 2. Possible historical images of Zhu Bajie after his reincarnation
In the spiritual world of the literati who made up myths, the souls of Tang Dynasty traitors like An Lushan can still survive Will you settle down in the "Heavenly Palace"? Being demoted to the lower realm is inevitable, but being demoted to a pig's nest? This must have been done by Akito. 3. Comparison between the image of "Zhu Bajie" and Ming Taizu Emperor Gao
Character name: Zhu Bajie, Dharma name: Zhu Wuneng.
Zhu Bajie and Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang’s nickname "Zhu Chongba" have the same homophonic pronunciation. Zhu Wuneng seems to be teasing: "the incompetent person", in the eyes of the literati, as the king of a country But he failed to reach the threshold of Confucianism, so it would be fair to say he was incompetent.
Marriage and origin: It is described in "Journey to the West": Guanyin pressed the head of the cloud and came to ask: "Where are you the wild boar that has become a spirit? Where is the old pig that makes trouble? Dare to stand in the way here?" "Me?" The strange man said: "I am not a wild pig, nor an old pig. I am the Marshal of Tianhe. Just because I brought wine to tease Chang'e, the Jade Emperor beat me with two thousand hammers and demoted me to the mortal world. I am a spirit." True nature, I came to seize the house and reincarnate, but I accidentally took the wrong path and was cast into a sow's womb, and became like this. I killed the sows, killed the pigs, occupied the mountain farm here, and cannibalized people. I bumped into the Bodhisattva unexpectedly and asked for help. "What is this mountain called?" The monster said, "There is a cave in the mountain called Yunzhan Cave." The second sister. Seeing that I had some martial arts skills, he made me a parent and called me a "chamen". Within a year, he died and left all his property to me for the rest of his life. Deep, there is no one to support one's body.
Looking at the series of emperors of the Central Plains Dynasty, it is rare to find an ugly person with an "inverted marriage relationship". After comprehensive analysis, Zhu Bajie alluded to a life prototype that was very similar to that of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang.
Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, became a beggar in his early years. He was a monk, so he was named Zhu Chongba because he was the eldest son in the family. He was later adopted by Guo Zixing, the leader of the Red Scarf Army, and betrothed to his adopted daughter Ma Xiuying as his wife. It is not an exaggeration to say that he was the son-in-law of Zhu Yuanzhang. It is also closely related to his peculiar appearance. "History of the Ming Dynasty. The Benji of Taizu" described Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance as "majestic in appearance and with strange bones running through his head." His ambition is so clear that no one can predict it." Historical records say: Guo Zixing was born in Caozhou before him. His father, Duke Guo, used the skills of traveling far away when he was young, and said that misfortune and good fortune are always there." A rich man had a blind girl with nowhere to go, so Guo Gong married her. , the family is getting richer and richer. Three sons were born, and one of the sons was born. When he was born, Guo Gong predicted good luck. When he grows up, he can be a knight and welcome guests. During the political turmoil in Huiyuan, Zixing scattered his family's property, drank wine with his oxen, and befriended the strong men. In the spring of the twelfth year of Zhengzheng year, thousands of young people gathered to attack Haozhou. Taizu followed it. The disciples suspected that he was a spy and insisted on telling Zixing. Zi Xing was curious about Taizu's appearance, untied his bindings, talked to him, and collected his tent. He is the captain of ten men and has meritorious service in many battles. The son was overjoyed, and his second wife, Mrs. Xiao Zhang, also pointed to Taizu and said, "This is a strange person." The wife caressed the horse and her daughter, and she became the filial, kind and high queen.
The place Bajie wants to go the most is "Gaolaozhuang". Where is Gaolaozhuang? "High" means supreme, and "old" means supreme. "Gaolaozhuang" is not a residential village. The "village" here can only be the seat of Empress Xiaocigao, the imperial palace of the Ming Dynasty.
Guo Zixing’s group can also be said to be the “mother” of the Ming Dynasty. As the “Red Scarf Army” rebel army continued to grow, the person who finally dominated the Ming Dynasty was not a member of the Guo family, but Zhu Yuanzhang . Isn't this exactly the same as what Zhu Bajie said: "I killed the sows, killed the flocks of pigs, and occupied the mountain farm here." 4. The mystery of the nine-tooth palladium nail
The palladium in Zhu Bajie’s hand is a farm tool, but it has nine teeth. Ancient emperors were revered as the “Nine-Five Lords”, which shows that this palladium is not an ordinary farmer’s tool. . There is an explanation in "Journey to the West": After Zhu Bajie was demoted to the lower world, he was recruited by a village girl, Sister Egg (in Qinghai, the title "Second Sister Egg" is a contemptuous term), who was called "Gui Cha Men". After the woman died, Taking up her family property, the palladium was naturally a farm tool used by the peasant girl.
If the author is allowed to guess, this palladium was originally owned by Ma Xiuying, Empress of the Ming Dynasty.
Ma Xiuying (1332-1382) was born in Lingbi County, Suzhou, Anhui. The reason why she is called "Ma Dajiao" is because in the Yuan Dynasty when the three-inch golden lotus was considered beautiful and noble and all women had their feet bound, Ma Xiuying refused to bind her feet, so she was called "Ma Dajiao". When Ma Xiuying was twelve years old, she was adopted by her father's friend Guo Zixing, the leader of the Red Turban Army. When she was twenty-one, her adoptive father Guo Zixing betrothed her to Zhu Yuanzhang, who spent fifteen years of tribulation and war with her. "Palladium" is also a powerful weapon in the hands of the Red Turban rebels, because the Red Turban uprising broke out when crowds gathered during the construction of the Yellow River.