1. Source: Shu Xiang by Du Fu in Tang Dynasty.
2. Original text:
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City.
The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
3. Translation
Where can I find Zhuge Liang ancestral temple in Wuhou? In the dense cypress forest on the outskirts of Chengdu. The green grass is reflected on the steps, showing the spring scenery, and the orioles on the trees sing through the branches. It is believed that the ancestors of the world visited the cottage three times, assisted the founding of the two dynasties, and worked faithfully. It's a pity that Wei died in the army before he started attacking Wei, which often made heroes of all ages burst into tears!
Extended information 1. Creation background
According to Qiu Zhu, Shu Xiang was written by Du Fu in the spring of the first year of Shangyuan (760). In December of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), Du Fu ended his four-year exile in Qin Zhou and Tonggu (now Chengxian County, Gansu Province) and, with the support of his friends, settled by Huanhua River in Chengdu.
Chengdu used to be the capital of Shu and Han, and there is Zhuge Liang Temple in the northwest of the city, which is called Wuhou Temple. In the spring of the first year of Shangyuan (760), Tang Suzong visited Zhuge Wuhou Temple and wrote this touching poem.
In the first year of Zhangwu in Shu Han Dynasty (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu and appointed Zhuge Liang as prime minister. "Shu Xiang" means the prime minister of Shu Han. This poem entitled "Shu Xiang" was written by Zhuge Liang. Although Du Fu cherished the political ideal of "being a gentleman, being Yao and Shun", his career was bumpy and his ambition could not be displayed.
When he wrote the poem Shuxiang, the Anshi rebellion had not subsided. He witnessed the crisis of the country and the loss of life. He volunteered to serve the country and had no choice. Therefore, he admires and respects Zhuge Liang for creating a foundation and saving the current situation.
Second, appreciate
This poem is divided into two parts. The first four sentences pay tribute to the ancestral temple of the Prime Minister, which reflects the reality from the description of the scenery and reveals the poet's concern for the country and the people; The last four sentences praise the talent of the Prime Minister and cherish the memory of the sages from historical recollection, which contain many expectations and longings for the destiny of the motherland. The whole poem has profound implications and profound sustenance, resulting in a deep and sad artistic conception.
This seven-melody discourse is strange and simple, but it has a large capacity and a high degree of generalization. In just 56 words, it tells the story of Zhuge Liang's life and shows the readers Zhuge Liang, a famous minister throughout the ages. When patriots and ordinary readers of later generations recited this poem, they felt reverence for Zhuge Liang. Especially when I read the sentence "But before he conquered, he was dead, and the heroes cried on their coats", I couldn't help crying.
In artistic expression, questions are answered by themselves, facts are sketched, scenes are blended, narration and discussion are combined, the structure is seamless, the levels are agitated, and there is a language charm of refining words and cutting sentences and harmonious tone, which makes people sigh and have endless aftertaste. Du Fu's poems are called "gloomy and frustrated", and the book is a typical representative.
Baidu encyclopedia-shuxiang