As far as the connotation of Mazu culture is concerned, although Mazu did not leave any works or any ideological system in her short life, her noble sentiments and heroic deeds of love for labor and people, bravery and selfless dedication reflected the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation and formed great spiritual strength. After Mazu's sacrifice, according to their own wishes and ideals, people further shaped her into a goddess of compassion and fraternity, protecting the country and benefiting the people, respectable and amiable, with the aim of educating future generations and carrying forward the national spirit. "It is rumored that Li Ze is still alive" and "Saving the country after death is still effective"-these are the poems of Huang Gongdu, the champion of the Song Dynasty; "But when you look at me going back and forth, I won't say anything"-this is a poem by Chen Mi, a scholar in the Song Dynasty. "Rain and dew fall all over the ground, and the sea is quiet and rough"-this is a poem by Zhang Jian, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty. "Help the weak and help the poor, come at once and go away at once"-this is the inscription of Emperor Yongle, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. These poems not only highly summarize the spirit of Mazu, but also show that politicians, thinkers and writers of past dynasties attached great importance to Mazu's educational function, hoping to make this folk belief a driving force for promoting national prosperity, national unity and people's livelihood. In this sense, Mazu spirit is undoubtedly one of the outstanding cultural heritages of the Chinese nation. Q: Why do people love Mazu so much? Can you tell me something about her? A: Also known as Tian Fei, the Queen of Heaven, the Virgin and Mother, it is the god believed by ocean-going merchants, boatmen, sailors, tourists, businessmen and fishermen in past dynasties. Especially in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan Province and Southeast Asia, Mazu belief is very common, and many coastal areas have built Mazu Tempel. Mazu's real name is Maureen, and her nickname is Mo Niang, so it is also known as Moline Niang. Song Yuannian (960) was born on March 23rd in Meizhou Island, Putian County. Song Taizong died in the 4th year of Yongxi (987) on September 9th. Mazu, revered as the goddess of the sea, is also known as the queen mother and queen mother. The Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty praised Mazu many times, with titles ranging from "Madame", "Tian Fei", "Tianhou" to "Tiannv", all of which were included in national festivals. From Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, emperors conferred titles 36 times. Taoist titles: Fu Dou, Xiao, Chun Ling, Fu Ji, Protecting the Country, Protecting the People, Miaoling, Zhaoying, Puji, Tian Fei and Hong Ren. Mazu is a descendant of Jiumulin, a famous family in Putian. Mazu was born in Putian County, Qingyuan Army (now Quanzhou) in Southern Tang Dynasty, and is the daughter of Meizhou Island in Putian County. Mazu lived mainly in Putian County, Pinghai (now Quanzhou). In 964, Qingyuan Army (now Quanzhou) was changed to Pinghai (now Quanzhou), and Putian native Chen was appointed as the ambassador to Pinghai. Chen still ruled Quanshui (including Putian), Zhangzhou and Zhangzhou. Putian and Xianyou counties are under the jurisdiction of Pingshui Division. In 978, wuyue was destroyed by the Song Dynasty. Chen returned to the Song Dynasty. At this point, the spring (including Putian) and Zhangzhou managed by Putian Chen officially returned to the Song Dynasty, and the whole of Fujian was incorporated into the territory of the Song Dynasty. In the fourth year of the Song Dynasty (979), the land of Putian County and Xianyou County (now Quanzhou) of the Navy was leveled, and part of the boundaries of Yongfu (now Yongtai County) and Fuqing in Fuzhou were set up in Xinghua County. In the same year, it was changed to Taiping Army, directly under the two south roads in southwest Zhejiang, and under the jurisdiction of Putian, Xianyou and Xinghua counties. The military government is also located in Xinghua County. In 980, Taiping Army was changed to Xinghua Army. Tianhou Palace in Quanzhou is the earliest existing Mazu Tempel in the southeast coast of China. Mazu was born in the first year of Stegosaurus in Song Taizu (AD 960), and his grandfather Fu Lin lived in Fujian on March 3rd. Father Lin (only Yin), in the early Song Dynasty, was appointed as the capital of supervision. Before she was born, her parents had given birth to five daughters, hoping to have another son, so they burned incense early to pray for our son, but the baby was a baby girl, and their parents were somewhat disappointed. The night before the baby girl was born, neighbors saw the meteor turn from the northwest sky into a red light, dazzling, and dyed the rocks on the island red. Therefore, parents think that this baby girl must not be an idle girl, and she is particularly fond of her. Because she never cried from birth to the second month, she was named Moline, and her parents also called her Moline Niang. Maureen was cleverer than other sisters when she was a child. When she was eight years old, she was inspired by her teacher. She can not only read aloud from memory, but also understand the meaning of words. When she grows up, she is determined to do good deeds and help others all her life and never marry. Her parents obeyed her wishes. She is devoted to charity and public welfare. She has been studying medicine, treating people and teaching people to prevent and eliminate disasters. People praised her. She is calm and helpful. As long as she can help the villagers solve their problems, she is willing to do it, and often guides people to avoid misfortune. People are willing to discuss with her and ask her for help when they are in trouble. Maureen grew up by the sea. She also knows astronomy and meteorology, and is familiar with water. There are many reefs in the strait between Meizhou Island and the mainland. Fishing boats and merchant ships wrecked in this sea area are often rescued by Maureen, so people say that she can "sit on the ground and cross the sea". She can also predict the weather changes and inform the boatman whether she can sail in advance, so it is said that she can "predict the disaster" and call her "goddess" and "dragon girl". On September 9, 2004, Song Taizong Yongxi, Maureen died at the age of 28. On this day, people on Meizhou Island have legends. They saw a colorful cloud, Ran Ran, rising in Mae Peak, and vaguely heard sweet music floating in the air. Since then, sailors have said that it is common for Maureen to wear red clothes at sea to help those in distress and call for help. Therefore, the gods of Mazu are gradually and universally enshrined on ships, praying for a safe journey. Mazu spent his life in the sea, helping the poor and saving many fishing boats and merchant ships in the stormy waves; She resolutely refused to marry compassion and devoted herself to doing good and saving the world. According to historical records, the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty praised Mazu many times, and titles ranging from "Madame", "Tian Fei", "Tianhou" to "Tiannv" were listed in the national memorial ceremony. As soon as Mazu died, the villagers felt the kindness of saving lives before his death. In the same year, a temple was built on Meizhou Island. This is the famous Meizhou Mazu Tempel. The ancestral hall was expanded in the heyday (A.D. 1023- 1032) and became more and more magnificent. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1403-1424), the navigator Zheng He came to Meiyu twice to preside over the imperial sacrifice ceremony and expand the temple. By the time of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, a "Dragon Palace at Sea" with five groups of buildings had been formed. Unfortunately, the original magnificent buildings have been abandoned, and the existing original buildings are only the small-scale "Moline Parents Temple". In recent years, the ancestral temple in Meizhou has undergone a lot of restoration and construction work, and invested 654.38 billion yuan to build a new Mazu Tempel, which is magnificent and is praised by the world as the "Potala Palace on the Sea". Now many Mazu Tempel in Taiwan Province Province and Southeast Asia are distracted by Meizhou in Putian and Tianhou Palace in Quanzhou. Mazu Tempel in Meizhou Island, Tianhou Palace in Putian, Tianhou Palace in Quanzhou, Tianhou Palace in Tianjin, Mazu Pavilion in Macau, Chaotian Palace in Taiwan Province and Mazu Tempel in Lukang are famous temples in Tianhou Palace in China. In this passage, Mazu ascended to heaven as a god because Mo Niang was very kind to people before her death. After she ascended to heaven, she was honored as the goddess of the sea by the coastal people and set up a temple for sacrifice. Later, she appeared repeatedly at sea, and all the people who crossed the sea prayed for her. She is honored as the "psychic goddess", and temples are all over Haidian. Mazu belief has gone through 1000 years since its birth. As a folk belief, it has a long duration, a wide spread and a deep influence, which other folk worship does not have. The worship and praise of Mazu by emperors in past dynasties has promoted Mazu from a folk god to an official patron saint of navigation, with a higher and higher godhead and wider spread. From Puyi area to all corners of the country, it has reached the point where no one knows and no one can replace it. Before the Song Dynasty, Mazu's enlightenment began when he went to Korea in the fourth year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 122). The temple was built at the estuary, and (Hui Zong) gave it to Shunji Temple. "Later, the reason for sealing Mazu in the Song Dynasty was that" fog and hunger in spring "and" fire helped to burn strong bandits "(Volume II of Meizhou Island Records, title). From the 26th year of Song Gaozong (1 156) to the Qing Dynasty, emperors of all dynasties conferred titles for 36 times, and the title increased from 2 words to 64 words. By the "Lady" and "Princess", Tian Fei was conferred the title of "Tianhou" by Ming Yongle, whose capital was built and whose temple was built, and in the 23rd year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1648). And included in the national sacrificial ceremony, for the spring and autumn festival. Therefore, the folk belief in Mazu has become more and more fixed, and the status of "Poseidon" has become more and more stable. For thousands of years, Putian has preserved many folk customs about Mazu, reflecting the particularity of Mazu belief. His belief in manners and customs, Mazu's words and deeds, personality and so on were gradually absorbed by the people, forming many customs.
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