Peaches and plums are young, who can last through the day. ——Tang Dynasty·Li Bai's "Long Song Xing" The peach and plum are young, who can last through the day. The peaches and plums will bloom in the sun, and the glory will shine as before.
The east wind moves all kinds of things, and the grass and trees are full of words.
The dead branches have no ugly leaves, and the dry water spits out clear springs.
He moves the heaven and earth vigorously, and Xihe whips without stopping.
If fame is not announced early, how can it be announced on paper?
Tao Li Wu youth, who can swim in the daytime.
Wealth and immortality are wasted.
Gold and stone are still sold, and wind and frost have no lasting quality.
Afraid of the setting sun and moon, I force myself to sing and drink.
The autumn frost does not care about people and suddenly invades the Pu Liu. Yuefu, the ideal of meritorious service Translation and annotation
Translation
The peach and plum blossoms bloom with the sun, and the flowers are colorful, decorating the new year.
The east wind has revived all things, and the grass and trees seem to be happy and eager to talk.
Beautiful new leaves sprouted from the dead branches, and clear springs gurgled in the dry streams, full of life.
Creation moves the heavens and the earth, and the sun keeps racing on the sun’s chariot.
If you don’t establish your reputation early, how can your name be written in the historical records?
Peaches and plums must wait for spring, but who can make spring last forever?
Time waits for no one, and both wealth and immortality will pass by.
The strength of gold and stone will be eroded away. Under the wind, frost, sun and moon, nothing lasts forever.
I am deeply afraid that the sun and the moon will pass by in a flash, so I sing and drink wine, pretending to be happy.
Just like the willow tree under the frost in autumn, all of a sudden, old age is approaching and the body is already declining! Creative background "Long Song Xing" is a Yuefu poem composed by Li Bai based on the old Yuefu title. The specific time of its creation is difficult to ascertain, but from the content of its creation, it can be roughly known that it must have been written after the third year of Tianbao (744) by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, that is, "giving gold back to the mountain". Only in this way can "wealth and honor" be expressed after leaving the court The deep and endless sadness of "the immortals were wasted", so he "forced himself to sing and drink". Appreciation
Li Bai's "Long Song Xing" is deeply influenced by the ancient poem with the same title. A long song may be written about an ancient poem, or it may be about making achievements in time, and not to be sad at all; it may be about a wandering immortal taking medicine to prolong life; or it may be about a wanderer being homesick, lamenting the shortness of human life. Lu Ji's "Long Song Xing" resents the lack of fame and lack of publicity; Xie Lingyun's "Long Song Xing" reflects the speed of time and the passing of ambition; Emperor Liang Yuan's "Long Song Xing" writes about enjoying time in time; Shen Yue's "Long Song Xing" writes about the aftermath of a journey Tired of falling in love with Jinhua Palace, my fame has not yet been published, and it is difficult to announce it on paper. In short, those who used long songs to write ancient inscriptions before Li Bai all expressed sadness when they touched the scene, embodying their pursuit of a better life and their melancholy and sentimental souls that could not pursue it. Li Bai gained insights into life from this, and thought about his failure in his achievements and his fruitless wanderings in immortality. He repeated the mistakes of the ancients, fell into pain, and did not express his unhappiness. So I devoured it to my heart's content, the passionate words, and the elegiac soul blended the unique emotions of people throughout the ages, inspired people's thoughts, and experienced the pain and joy of life.
The first ten sentences of this poem are the first paragraph. The first two sentences summarize the peach and plum blossoms welcoming the spring sun and the flowers blooming in full bloom, competing for beauty and splendor, but it is only in its glory days. Peach and plum blossoms bloom once a year in spring. This is a natural law, so the blooming of peach and plum blossoms is a symbol of spring and a symbol of beauty. After being exposed to the cold sun of the claustrophobic winter, we turn to the warm caress of the morning sun in spring, which revives all things on the earth and shows active and vigorous vitality. As the spirit of all things, people are more energetic and forge ahead high-spirited. This is Common sense of things and common sense of people. Therefore, people call the beautiful moments of life youth. However, the author's knowledge is not limited to this, and goes deeper to explore the conditions for peach and plum blossoms to bloom in spring, which requires the delicate cultivation of spring sun and painstaking and selfless study. Survival and development are inseparable from spring sunshine. From this, the author further understands the interdependence of the relationship between monarch and ministers, and foreshadows the reason why "fame and fame do not come early" later. The descriptive image of day once symbolized the king in ancient poetry. Peaches and plums bloom when they meet the spring sun, and virtuous people flourish when they meet a wise king. There are similarities between the laws of nature and the common principles of human affairs. The peach and plum trees are written clearly, which is a metaphor for the affairs of the king and his ministers. This may be due to the painstaking efforts of "getting the sun to bloom"! The description of beautiful images deeply contains beautiful feelings and the pursuit of beautiful things. Although the beauty is beautiful, the shortcomings are only due to the glory days, so they are more worthy of cherishing. The author then used four lines of poems to praise the wonderful effect of spring, "The east wind moves all things, and the vegetation is full of words. There are no ugly leaves on the dead branches, and the dry water spits out the fragrance." The east wind brings warmth, blowing all over the earth, and the Yang Qi sprouts, and all things come from it. Awakening from dormancy and taking on new forms constitute a beautiful realm of life rhythm. As a result, the vegetation is ready to show its heroic appearance, and all the dead branches and ugly leaves in winter have fallen away. The corresponding meaning of "Wu Chou Ye" is "Jing Mei Ye". The water springs that have dried up are also spitting out fragrant water columns. These four sentences start with the peach and plum blossoms blooming a little at the beginning, and describe the panoramic view of spring returning to the earth. The beauty of peaches and plums also sets off the east wind that constantly transforms and nurtures all things, the vegetation takes on a new look, and the dry springs breathe out their fragrance again, fully displaying the beauty of spring and describing the realm of spring. In summary, the last six lines of the poem are exactly the poet's sense of beauty when he touches the scene, and use plain and natural words and verses to paint the beautiful image and artistic conception of spring. The poet enters the scene and comes out of it, and his wonderful pen creates flowers, which is in harmony with the scene. combine. The plain description embodies profound beauty and philosophical cognition, but it is definitely different from the reasoning in natural textbooks.
The last four sentences of this paragraph move from the description of the spring state above to the discussion, expressing emotions and seeking the source of power that creates this beautiful scenery. "Powerful movement moves the heaven and earth, and Xihe whips without stopping. If fame is not announced early, how can bamboo and silk be announced." Based on the insights of ancient Chinese philosophers, the author also believes that this is the divine power of nature that moves the heaven and earth, so there are spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The four seasons thus generate the respective laws of natural survival, development, and death of all things in the universe, forming different scenes in different seasons. However, people always prefer spring and hate winter. However, this was the law of change of yin and yang that people could not change at that time. Of course, they also observed the growth and decline of all things, including people's birth, old age, illness and death, from the endless movement of heaven and earth, and the flow of time, and realized a principle of life. People should be like peach and plum blossoms in spring, and they should be in the beautiful moments of youth. , show your embrace and build great achievements. He was admired and praised by people when he was alive, and his reputation will remain in history after his death. However, in reality, although Li Bai had beautiful ideals, values ????as a person, and a spirit of continuous advancement, because he did not receive the warm care and nurturing of "Sun" (the emperor), he was the eldest son in his old age, driving the six-dragon sun chariot. , Xi He, the driver, kept urging him. If he could not establish his fame early in his youth, he would not be able to leave his name in the history books of bamboo and silk. He passed away in obscurity, so he deeply regretted it. The invisible pressure from the outside and the simmering anger from the inside finally burst out with a voice of sorrow and injustice. Drawing from the past, the current situation, and predicting the future, it expands time and space, is simple in language but profound in meaning, elegant and honest, and develops the traditional characteristics of five-character ancient poetry. At this point in the poem, both the poetry and the meaning should pause, but what is left to people is the suspense of why the fame was not established earlier and what the ending will be.
The last ten sentences of the poem are the second paragraph. The first two sentences echo the beginning and deepen the poetic meaning. Since peaches and plums are dedicated to the pursuit of youth, they should show their beauty in response to youth. Then someone can borrow the sun and make it immobile. Wouldn’t youth last forever? The word "who" has a feeling of doubt. It is something that cannot be done. Conceive its capabilities, comfort yourself from the fantasy, and enjoy the excitement from the fantasy, thereby reducing the pressure in the heart and getting relief from the predicament. However, fantasy is temporary. When it turns into reality, it also changes from fanaticism to calmness. Use reason to filter the trajectory of life, clarify right and wrong, gains and losses, and thus create a painful lesson of "wealth and immortality are wasted." of poetry. I have made new judgments about my words and deeds, and understand the wrongdoings of yesterday. The pursuit of wealth, fame, and immortality is the hedonistic consciousness and life values ??of the ruling class. Becoming an official is a sign of realizing the value of life, and one is naturally rich and noble. This also breeds the illusion and pursuit of immortality, with the goal of always maintaining one's powerful status and wealthy living conditions, and reaping both fame and fortune. If you are unable to seek an official position, you will wander to the immortals, which means you are detached from others, aloof and self-reliant, and you can be an equal to officials, and you can also gain a good reputation. But in the Tang Dynasty, it was also a shortcut to the southern part of the country to become an official. Many feudal scholars in the early Tang Dynasty took this route. Li Bai was no exception. He paid homage to officials and sought out famous mountain monks and immortal masters to gain fame and wealth. Now I have failed in both phases, accomplished nothing, wasted my years, regretted nothing, and fallen into the abyss of pain again. Then I thought of what the ancients once said, "Life is not gold and stone," "How can you live long without gold and stone?" and then developed into "Gold and stone are still sold, but wind and frost have no lasting quality." Even if life is as solid as gold and stone, metal and stone will be broken into gravel under the long-term invasion and erosion of wind and frost, not to mention that humans are not gold and stone. Naturally, the spring peaches and plums, grass and trees, clear springs, etc. can no longer maintain their spring beauty. The implication is that people cannot live forever, so they must obtain fame and wealth as soon as possible, otherwise there is a danger of not getting it; even if they obtain it, it will be difficult to survive forever. Therefore, the ancient people's experience in seeking official positions was to "take advantage of important roads as early as possible" to realize the life value of leaving a name on books and silk. On the surface, these two sentences have nothing to do with the previous two sentences. However, they are seemingly broken and actually deny the immortal immortality. The development of poetry, the portrayal of the ups and downs of emotions and the ups and downs of thoughts, are therefore reflected in the leaping nature of the verses, leaving people in suspense, pursuing the end, tempting people to go deep, and making the truth come to light. When he regrets his past mistakes, he will definitely change his mind and make a new choice. "Afraid of the setting sun and moon, I will force myself to sing and drink." Take pleasure in time, sing to your heart's content, and drink to relieve worries. Otherwise, we will fall behind time, and our decaying body will no longer be able to enjoy ourselves. We will walk towards the world of death in vain and live in vain. A "forced joy" reveals the hidden sadness in one's heart. It is a forced joy that is created unwillingly and unintentionally. It is a way of dispelling the sadness in the chest through songs and wine, and it is a temporary anesthesia. This kind of conscious anesthesia of oneself is a manifestation of the more painful soul. This is an extraordinary performance of Li Bai's art, which brings out the deep inner music that everyone feels but is not aware of yet. This is everyone's approach, not a small family's approach. However, even this hope of self-restraint that was forced to be resolved was difficult to achieve and satisfy. I sadly wrote the final verse: "The autumn frost does not care about people, but suddenly invades the willows." The harsh autumn frost never has a heart of benevolence and kills all living things. , has no pity for others, suddenly comes and harms the beauty of Puliu. Puliu is the name of the plant. Its body is weak and cannot withstand wind and frost. After frost, its branches and leaves will be withered, and it will be lifeless. This is a reference. "Shishuoxinyu" records that Gu Yue was the same age as Emperor Jianwen of Liang Dynasty, but Gu's hair turned gray early. Emperor Jian Wen asked Gu, "Why do you want to be white first?" Gu replied: "The posture of pu willows is like looking at the fall of autumn; the posture of pines and cypresses is luxuriant after frost." The posture of pu willows is what Gu refers to himself, and the posture of pines and cypresses is a metaphor for Emperor Jian Wen. Li Bai used this classic to suit his own status. His humble body cannot withstand the ravages of wind and frost. Autumn frost here not only represents the power of nature, but also symbolizes the cruel blow of evil political forces. Attack an unprepared, weak and humble body with irresistible force, and the result is self-evident.
The conclusion is not only rich in meaning, but also emotionally painful. It's upsetting and tear-jerking. It can really be called a song that makes people cry.
Li Bai's Yuefu poem combines the strengths of predecessors' works with the same title, and becomes a style of its own. It is based on Qi and takes nature as its basis. It is fresh, elegant, magnificent and unique. It is written by everyone. The poem begins with a Bixing verse, touching the scene and evoking emotion. However, it is not a work about peach blossoms and plum blossoms, the impermanence of life, and timely enjoyment. Rather, it shows the extraordinary use of common sense and expresses the ambition and the value of life beyond ordinary people. It is definitely not the selfish desires of mediocre villains, it is the high spirit of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It describes the patriotism of a generation of elites, the praise of beautiful natural spring scenery, the outpouring of love for beauty and the pursuit of beautiful ideals, the resentment of failure in their careers and the pain of failure to free themselves. It opens their hearts and allows people to fully understand His heart sings. A beating heart, turbulent changes, and endless emotions affect the beautiful natural scenes and reveal the injustice of society. Beautiful ideals are always difficult to realize. If you worry and struggle for this, you will inevitably suffer the bad luck of autumn frost. The destruction of beautiful human nature is not a phenomenon of an era, but a phenomenon unique to class society. This is especially true in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which is thought-provoking.
Li Bai (701-762), courtesy name Taibai and Qinglian Jushi, was a romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and was hailed as the "Immortal of Poetry" by later generations. His ancestral home is Longxi Chengji (to be tested). He was born in Suiye City in the Western Regions. He moved with his father to Mianzhou, Jiannan Road when he was 4 years old. Li Bai has more than a thousand poems and essays in existence, and the "Collection of Li Taibai" has been handed down to the world. He died of illness in 762 at the age of 61. His tomb is in Dangtu, Anhui today, and there are memorial halls in Jiangyou, Sichuan, and Anlu, Hubei.
Li Bai The wandering spirit of my homeland should laugh at me if I am passionate, and I will be born early. What's more, the days of youth are approaching, and the peach blossoms are falling like red rain. After ten years in the country, I am old and young. Youlan Lao is old, Du Ruo is still alive, and he still stays in the water town. Trying wine in single clothes, hating being in a guest room and wasting time. I want to buy sweet-scented osmanthus and carry wine with me, but in the end I am not a teenager. In the Ming Dynasty, if the west wind blows, I will fight for the beauty and cannot bear the autumn. I linger in the scenery to cherish the beauty, and lean against the lantern alone at dusk. Whoever wants to move back will damage the boss's reputation. Traveling from the south to the north, I am old and have few old friends. The grass and trees also know sorrow, and their youth turns gray. The hair on the temples has turned white from the dust of the road, and the chrysanthemums are still as yellow as the fortress. The white head is empty and the snow is on the edge of spring. I ask about spring without saying a word. Look at the snow flying, the bottom of the apple and the top of the reed are not as white as the temples. In autumn, the temples are white with frost, and the fading face is red with wine.