Zhu Jiazu is a native of Mayang County, Huguang (now Mayang County, Hunan Province). Ming Hongwu moved to Jianshui, Yunnan Province, and lived in Xizhuangba Xigaowu. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, his five rooms moved to Baijiaying village, and Qing (whose real name is unknown) was born, and Qing was born again. He has always been an ordinary civilian, who has been doing tea, silk and other businesses for generations.
According to Zuo's epitaph, Zuo was born in the fourth year of Shunzhi (AD 1647) for only four months, and his father died of "the scourge of bandits". His mother abandoned him in the process of escape. Fortunately, his crying voice was found and brought back by his neighbors, and the mother and son were reunited. "After the chaos, the public is rare and the home is close." This branch of Zhu Yongzheng has been handed down from generation to generation.
During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Guangfu's family moved to Laomafang Village in Jianshui, bought land to build a tile house, opened a mill restaurant, and the population flourished and the property gradually became rich. Since then, Zhujiajian Island has embarked on the road of ZTE. At that time, in Gejiu, southeast of Jianshui, the tin mining industry flourished. The "Lin 'an Avenue" between Gejiu and Jianshui is the traffic artery from central Yunnan and southern Yunnan to the provincial capital of Yunnan (now Kunming). During the slack season, Zhujiajian Island began to catch horses to do business, which accumulated over time and made considerable profits. Because he was familiar with Gejiu's mining industry all the year round, Zhu Guangfu boldly raised funds to set up a "Zhu Hengtai" firm to mine tin mines in Gejiu. Then, Zhu Guangfu bought several mine sites in Gejiu and built a smelter, becoming a big boss integrating tin mining, dressing and smelting.
Thirty-two years after Zhu Guangfu's death, his grandson Zhu was given the title of Tongzi County magistrate in Guizhou. At that time, Zhu (Wei Qing, deputy scholar of Ding Youke after having obtained the provincial examination in Guangxu, Qing Dynasty, and son of Zhu Chengzao) was also a scholar, and with the help of Guangdong, he became the core figure of Zhujiajian Island. Since then, Zhujiajia's family business has become stronger, and he began to invest abroad in Tongzhi ten years. In addition to marketing local department stores, they also sell cloud pictures (opium) and tin ingots in large quantities. By the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, Jia Zhu had become a rich gentry in southern Yunnan.
Since then, Jia Zhu has continuously expanded its business scale, engaged in import and export trade, and transported the finished tin ingots produced in Gejiu to Baise, Guangxi, and then to Hong Kong, where they were shipped back to foreign products such as cotton yarn and department stores. In Guangxu 15 of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1889), according to the treaty, the Qing government set up the first customs in China at the request of the French government, and the transportation of tin ingots was changed from land to old-from Mengzi to Manhao, and then downstream along the Red River to Haiphong in Tokyo (now Hanoi), Vietnam, and then transported to Hong Kong and Hanoi by ocean-going ships on the coastal defense. Because of the vigorous development of import and export trade, Zhu Hengtai set up a head office in Mengzi, and also set up branches in Hong Kong, Kunming, Jianshui and Hanoi. At that time, Lin from Jianshui, Yunnan was as famous as Kunming Gang and Tengyue Gang, and Zhu Hengtai, an enterprise under Jia Zhu's name, was the richest man in Lin.
According to tradition, the Zhujiajian family who "got rich first" of course explored the homestead extensively and built a lot of buildings. In the early years of Guangxu, the business of Zhu, Zhu Chengzao (the son of Zhu Guangfu) and his sons and nephews Zhu, Zhu, Zhu Chaoqiong and Zhu was booming, and the scholars, industry and commerce were not bad. The Zhu family has developed into a huge family that is all-powerful in the whole southern Yunnan. Its power is enough to influence the politics and economy of southern Yunnan and even the whole province. At this time, Zhujia bought more than 30 mu of land in the mud pond of Shuicheng, and invited skilled craftsmen to build the ancestral temple. Due to the large design scale and long construction period. The first time, the garden was half built, and something happened to the old one.
It was in the 29th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1903) that the miners' uprising led by Zhou Yunxiang broke out in southern Yunnan, which was a tragic rehearsal of the early revolutionary struggle of the working class in China. It is related to the interests of Zhujiajian, or it may be instigated by Zhujiajian. Because Zhu incited trouble, he paid Zhou Yunxiang. Things are getting worse, involving the interests of the government. The Qing court sent troops to suppress it. Knowing that he could not escape, Zhu was forced to escape. Zhu Jiabao, a native of Huaning (now Huaning County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province), took refuge in Anhui and Jilin at that time and was recommended to go to Japan to inspect politics (actually fled). After hiding in Japan for five years, he returned to Jianshui during Xuan Tong's time and then restored the garden.
However, history is as profound as philosophy, and decline and prosperity are linked. Of course, the problem is because of talents, and the fate of a family is naturally closely related to the core figures.
Influenced by the Meiji Restoration in Japan, Zhu deeply felt that the Qing dynasty had run out of luck. After returning to Jianshui, he contacted anti-Qing people and plotted to set things right. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), many people of insight sought ways to save the country, and the influence of the League spread all over China. Of course, Zhu also wanted to make a difference, so he was entrusted by Long Jiguang, the governor of the Guangdong army, to go back to his hometown to recruit for Guangdong. The Wuchang Uprising of the Revolution of 1911 broke out on June+10 in 5438, and Cai E and Hetang launched the Chongyang Uprising in Kunming on June+10/0 in 65438. Zhao, an allied instructor in the 70th standard (regiment) of the New Army stationed in Jianshui South School, led an attack at night on 1 65438+1October1Sunday, and Zhu and others met in Kaesong and occupied the Lin 'an government office and the specimen department. The next day, a meeting of people from all walks of life in Lin 'an was held, and the Yugoslav defense military government was established. Zhu was elected as the commander-in-chief and Zhao as the deputy commander-in-chief, and Lin 'an Uprising was successful. Cai E, the governor of Yunnan, saw that Zhu was really popular in southern Yunnan, and cooperated with the uprising in southern Yunnan. He made great contributions, awarded the rank of lieutenant general, appointed him as the company commander of Chengjiang in Lin 'an and became the king of southern Yunnan. The garden has been restored, and there is a big plaque of "Lieutenant General Emperor" hanging on the gate. The fate of politicians is sometimes like gambling. Zhu resigned and went to Guangdong to specialize in tin ingot business. Then he worked under Long Jiguang and was elected to the National Government. This is undoubtedly a glorious stroke. However, Zhu, an elite figure of the Zhu family, later wrote a heavy political failure.
19 15 12, Yuan Shikai claimed to be "Emperor Hongxian" in Beijing, and Cai E and Tang launched an uprising in Yunnan to protect the country and sent troops to Sichuan and Guangxi to beg Yuan. At that time, Long Jiguang, the elder brother of Guangxi warlord under Yuan Shikai, was appointed as the "Special Envoy for Yunnan Investigation" and led the first Guangdong Army to attack southern Yunnan through Guangxi to attack the National Defence Force. The commander of the Third Route Army, Zhu rate 1700 soldiers, was defeated by Yang Jie, the leader of the National Defence Forces column in the west of Baise, Guangxi, and the rest were annihilated by the National Defence Forces and Gui Jun. At the same time, Zhu, the son of Zhu, contacted the toast and bandits to attack Shuicheng, which was also defeated by the National Defence Forces, and Zhu died. After the war, Zhu's property was confiscated again. It was not until 1922 that Tang remembered Zhujiajian's meritorious deeds in the Revolution of 1911 and returned his property. Zhu's dream of rejuvenating the country hasn't started yet. A few years later, something happened again.
1927, after the death of Tang Dynasty, Long Yun took charge of the military and political power in Yunnan, and Li Shaozong, the commander of the southern defense guerrillas he recruited, entered old age. At this time, Zhu was appointed as an old, self-sufficient police commander and ordered his nephew to take strict precautions. After that, the two sides fought for seven days and nights, burning thousands of shops, killing and injuring hundreds of people, resulting in a tragic disaster. Afterwards, the provincial government ordered Zhu, Zhu and Zhu to be sent to Kunming for imprisonment. After Zhu Yingchun was executed.
Times decide fate, and the fate of Zhu and even the whole Zhu family has been ups and downs with several revolutionary civil wars in China. Prosperity comes like a smoke cloud and goes like a smoke cloud! After Zhu himself was released from prison, the huge property of Zhu family was confiscated by the national government, and the Nuo family was divided. Zhu also died of poverty and frustration in 1930.
The garden of Zhujiajian naturally does not belong to Zhujiajian, leaving the sad song of the rich woman whose name has been erased when she fled. Due to the political failure of the core figures, the Zhu family finally disappeared in the troubled times when the old and new worlds alternated. Fortunately, the garden stayed.
From the tenant of 10 in Kangxi period to the famous family in southern Yunnan in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Zhu's ten dynasties went through a whole Qing Dynasty. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, they came to the most glorious end of their family. The Zhu family has experienced three ups and downs, and property ownership and glory coexist. With 100 people and generations of joys and sorrows, a dream of red mansions was completed. But born in troubled times, they are destined to leave only the most splendid house, which is their inner "garden" at home. That era condensed into a nucleus in Zhujiajian Island Garden, and this nucleus is history.