Original text of Xiaochongshan·Dragon Boat Festival:
Biai Cattail is busy everywhere. Whose family's sons and daughters celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? Thinly wrapped five-color arm silk. Empty melancholy, who will pay tribute to Yuan Xiang again? Don’t talk about the past. Thousands of years of loyalty and loyalty, the sun shines brightly. I feel sad after reading "Li Sao". No one understands it, and the trees turn to shade at noon. Xiaochongshan·Dragon Boat Festival translation and annotation
Translation Everyone is busy picking mugwort and cattails. Whose young men and women are preparing to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? Five-color ribbons wrapped around their arms sang and danced. I feel melancholy in my heart. Who else will commemorate Qu Yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival? Don't judge or judge the past. Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity can be compared with the sun and the moon. I always feel sad after reading "Li Sao". No one understands my mood, I can only enjoy the cool under the shade of the trees.
Notes 1 Xiaochongshan: the name of the word brand. Also known as "Xiao Chong Mountain Order". "Jin Lian Ji" enters "double tone". People in the Tang Dynasty used it to write "palace resentment", so it evokes sadness. Fifty-eight characters, with four flat rhymes in the front and back parts. 2. Dragon Boat Festival: The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also known as the Duanyang Festival, the Noon Day Festival, etc., it is a traditional Chinese folk festival. It also commemorates the ancient patriotic poet Qu Yuan, who is said to have sunk into the Miluo River. There are customs such as wrapping rice dumplings and racing dragon boats. 3 Biai: green mugwort. Cattail (pu): perennial herb. Commonly known as cattail grass. Grows near water or in ponds. The leaves are narrow and long, blooming in summer, and the male and female flower spikes are closely arranged on the same cob, shaped like a candle, with downy hair, which can be used as a pillow core; the leaves can be woven into mats, cattail bags, and fans. The pollen is called Puhuang and is used as a hemostatic agent. In the old days, there was a custom of hanging calamus, mugwort, wormwood, angelica and other plants at the door during the Dragon Boat Festival. Chen Ruyuan of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "The Golden Lotus Jiu Zhu": "The corners of millet are covered with gold, and the cattails are cut with jade. This is the place where dragon boats fly." 4. Duanyang: Duanyang Festival, another name for the Dragon Boat Festival. Feng Yingjing of the Ming Dynasty's "Yue Ling Guangyi·Sui Ling Yi·Etiquette": "The first to fifth day of May is the Daughter's Day, the third day is the Fan Festival, the fifth day is the Dragon Boat Festival, and the 13th day is the Dragon Festival." 5 Five-color arm silk: Jing It is a Chu custom to tie arms with red, yellow, blue, white, and black colorful silk threads during the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that these colorful silk threads represent the divine power of the five directions of east, west, south, north, and middle, which can ward off evil spirits and plagues. People call it " Longevity line". It is said that these five colors symbolize the five-color dragon, which can subdue ghosts and monsters. 6 Melancholy: Sadness and annoyance due to frustration or disappointment. "Chu Ci·Nine Bian": "I am lonely, traveling alone without friends; I am melancholy, but I feel sorry for myself." 7 condolences: to pay homage and mourn. Yuan (yuan) Xiang: the name of two waters, the combined name of Yuan River and Xiang River. The Yuan River originates from Guizhou and the Xiang River originates from Guangxi, and both flow into Dongting Lake through Hunan Province. After the Chu poet Qu Yuan was exiled during the Warring States Period, he wandered in Yuan and Hunan for a long time. Among the tributaries of the Xiang River is the Miluo River, where Qu Yuan sank. "Chu Ci·Li Sao": "When Ji Yuan and Xiang were conquering the south, they focused on China and made speeches." This refers to Qu Yuan. 8 Past events: Things in the past. "Xunzi·Chengxiang": "Looking at the past, in order to self-discipline, you can also recognize right and wrong in order to deal with chaos." This refers to Qu Yuan's suicide by throwing himself into the river. Liang: comment, calculation. Tang Wu Jing's "Zhenguan Politicians·On the Appointment of Talents": "As for the evaluation of people, let's be honest." 9 thousand years: It is said that time is very long. "Elegy Poems" by Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty: "Once the secret room has been closed, it will not return to the court for a thousand years." Loyalty: loyalty, righteousness and righteousness. "Book of the Later Han Huan Dian Biography" says: "After Emperor Xian ascended the throne, before the Three Dukes played the ceremony, he and He Jin planned to kill the eunuch. Although the success failed, he was loyal and righteous." This refers to Qu Yuan's loyalty and loyalty. Starlight on the Tenth Day: Qu Yuan's "Nine Chapters: Crossing the River": "As long as the sky and the earth are, and as bright as the sun and the moon." This sentence means that Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity will never be extinguished, just like the brilliance of the sun and stars. ⑾Lisao: refers to Qu Yuan's long political lyric poem "Lisao". This poem expresses the fighting spirit of not collaborating with evil forces and the unswerving patriotic enthusiasm until death. ⑿Explanation: Understand, understand. No one understands: This sentence expresses the author's lament that he is not understood by the world. ⒀ Wuyin: the cool place at noon. Often refers to the shade of trees. Song Su Shunqin's poem "Posted to Zhao Shuping Jiashu Pavilion": "Outside the light tea smoke at noon, the dawn rhyme is faint and sparse, sleeping in the rain." Xiaochong Mountain·Dragon Boat Festival Appreciation
"Empty Melancholy" laments the world's busy festivals Celebrating without understanding or forgetting the profound historical connotation of the Dragon Boat Festival: expressing the memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. "No one understands" expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness that are not understood by the world, and also expresses his respect for Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity.
The most prominent expression technique in this poem is contrast. In the upper column, the busyness and joy of everyone contrast with the author's melancholy alone; in the lower column, the world's incomprehension of Qu Yuan contrasts with the author's deep sadness when reading "Li Sao".
This poem contains a strong national flavor and describes the Dragon Boat Festival customs in the land of Jingchu. The whole poem starts from "Biai Cattail", and "busy everywhere" expresses the busyness of the Dragon Boat Festival. Sons and daughters celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival, depicting a picture of the warmth of family reunion and celebrating the festival, and depicting the Chinese nation's joy of enjoying family relationships during the festival. "Fine and long five-color arm silk". Five-color arm silk is a national custom in the land of Jingchu. During the Dragon Boat Festival, children wrap five-color ribbons around their arms. This five-color arm silk is also called "Zhu Suo". ” or “long-life thread”, which is said to be able to subdue ghosts and ensure peace. The last two sentences of the upper column, "I am so melancholy, who will pay tribute to Yuan Xiang again?" open up a new realm for the entire poem, setting the tone for the lower column's mourning of Qu Yuan and paving the way for lyricism.
"Who pays tribute to Yuan Xiang again" explains the reason for "empty melancholy". It turns out that people are busy celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and are just celebrating in general, and have forgotten the historical and cultural connotations contained in this special festival. Who still remembers the patriotic poet? Where is Qu Yuan? The author expressed his feelings and pointed out the shortcomings of the custom. In this lively and festive festival, the poet is "empty and melancholy", which is in sharp contrast to the excitement of "Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival". Xia Qian expresses his feelings directly and still uses contrasting techniques. It is to write about the feelings of commemorating Qu Zi. "Don't judge the past." Indeed, thousands of years have passed, and what people remember most is not Qu Zi's "Li Sao", but his loyalty and integrity of committing suicide by drowning in the Miluo River. "Thousands of years of loyalty, the light of the sun and stars." The sun is the essence of heaven and earth and will never be destroyed. It is not an exaggeration to compare Qu Yuan's eternal righteousness with the light of the sun and stars. His great loyalty and righteousness should be remembered forever. "After reading Li Sao, I feel sad." This sentence not only expresses the admiration for Qu Zi's righteousness, but also expresses the mutual sympathy of the literati. "No One Can Comprehend" expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness that are not understood by the world, and also expresses his respect for Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity. Thousands of years have passed, how many people can remember such a tragic song? Just remember, how many people can figure it out? The trees turn to shade at noon. It is not easy to get some coolness in the hot weather during the Dragon Boat Festival. Is it also Qu Zi's good intention? At the end, the emotion returns to the scenery, and there seems to be lingering emotion in the scenery, which means that the lingering sound is endless.
This song uses the Dragon Boat Festival as a carrier, starting from the Dragon Boat Festival customs in Jingchu that we see before us, and depicts a lively and busy scene, which is in sharp contrast to the "no one understands" in the next film. But the water of Yuanxiang brought the author into history. Qu Yuan expressed his sentiments about the fall of the Yuan Dynasty and his failure to serve in the Ming Dynasty through commemoration. "Who can mourn Yuanxiang again if I am empty and melancholy?" Poems such as "Injury. No one understands" convey the author's sadness and loss, while "Thousands of years of loyalty and loyalty, the sun shines brightly" show the author's loyalty to the Yuan Dynasty. "The trees turn to shade at noon", which is a common ending method in ancient poems. You can get the lingering effect of "no one is seen at the end of the song, and the peaks on the river are green". The author's pessimism and despair are palpable.
There have always been many poems written about the Dragon Boat Festival. Most of them will mention Qu Yuan’s past events, use Qu Yuan’s wine glass to pour oneself over, or express one’s depressed and frustrated feelings, or praise Qu Yuan’s spirit to express oneself. His loyal heart, in short, the inexhaustible water of Yuanxiang is the bitter tears of China's frustrated literati. "The green pool water of Yuanxiang should shine on thousands of peaks" (Mei Yaochen), "It is ridiculous to laugh at the vagueness of the Chu River, but it cannot wash away the injustice of the direct officials" (Wenxiu), "The flow of Yuanxiang is endless, how deep is Qu Zi's resentment" (Dai Shulun).
Reading ancient Chinese poetry always makes people feel depressed, rather than the joy of being angry. It seems that they can only hide in the corner to complain or show their loyalty, and never get angry. At best, they are just pretending to be crazy and acting stupid, "Study, makeup idiot, who knows what it means?" "It's better to teach him to argue, it's better for him to be sleepy, and it's better for us to be intoxicated, and don't care about heaven and earth." Few people dare to really stand up and get angry Go shout and fight! This is inseparable from the gentle and honest poetic style of "sad but not sad, sad but not resentful" pioneered by The Book of Songs and Qu Yuan's vanilla beauty artistic tradition. Xiaochongshan·Dragon Boat Festival creative background
"Xiaochhongshan·Dragon Boat Festival" is a work by Shu Di, a Yuan opera writer, poet, and poet. It was written on a Dragon Boat Festival after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty (1368). Shu Di's life was during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. The "History of the New Yuan Dynasty" said that he "encountered troubled times" and "tried to avoid Kouyan Valley, but was captured. He scolded the thieves (referring to Zhu Yuanzhang and other rebels), and the thieves were relieved." He was loyal to the Yuan Dynasty and did not serve in the Ming Dynasty.
Poetry works: Xiaochong Mountain·Dragon Boat Festival Poetry author: Shu Di, Yuan Dynasty Poetry classification: Dragon Boat Festival, customs, sentimentality, frustration