In late autumn, a thousand rains fall on the curtain, and the balcony plays the flute at sunset. Disappointed, I watch Fan Li every day, and there are five lakes in the East.
This seven-melody was written by Tang Wenzong when he was an adult. At that time, Du Mu was appointed as the referee of Xuanzhou (now Xuancheng, Anhui) Youth League training. There is a Wanxi River in the east of Xuancheng, and a beautiful Jingting Mountain in the northeast of Xuancheng with beautiful scenery. Xie Tiao, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, was once the satrap here, and Du Mu was called "Poet Cheng" in another poem. Kaiyuan Temple (real name Yongle Temple) in the city, built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is one of the scenic spots. During his stay in Xuancheng, Du Mu often went to Kaiyuan Temple to enjoy the scenery and compose poems. This poem describes the ancient and modern generosity of the poet on the water pavilion of the temple overlooking Wanxi and Jingting.
The poem begins with a tour of the scenery, which evokes ancient and modern associations and creates an atmosphere that covers the whole article: the prosperity of the Six Dynasties is a thing of the past, and even the grass is empty when you look around. The scene of that day is light clouds and light winds, but nothing has changed since ancient times. Although this feeling is caused by boarding, there are deeper internal factors related to the poet's experience. This is the second time that the poet came to Xuanzhou. Eight years ago, he was appointed as the secretariat of Xuanzhou, and served under Shenmen. These two changes, as he himself said: "thirty years away, sharp brain, light bones." "revisiting the old place has changed everything, only seeing the level of the east and spring." ("From Xuanzhou to Beijing, Judge Pei Tanzhong was on his way back to Xuanzhou because of the problem") This naturally deepened his perception of the changes of the world.
This kind of artistic conception permeates the scenery description in three or four sentences: Jingting Mountain is like a huge jade screen, spreading near Xuancheng, and birds come and go in the shade. On both sides of the Wanxi River, people living by the river sang and cried, mixed with the sound of water, and passed away with the years. These two sentences seem to be talking about the present scene and the present, but at the same time they are communicating with the ancients. Birds haunt the mountains, as always, and singing and crying is not a temporary scene. Song Weeping comes from The Book of Rites: "Wen Zi was presented as the bride, and Zhang Lao said,' What a beautiful wheel! How beautiful! Singing in Sri Lanka, crying in Sri Lanka, gathering ethnic groups in Sri Lanka. "Singing and crying means celebrating and mourning, which represents the process from birth to death." People sing and cry in the underwater sound, so people on both sides of the Wanxi River have lived by the water for generations. These are not what the poet saw at the moment, but the impressions accumulated at ordinary times, which were triggered by his visit.
The next two sentences show scenes that are not continuous in time, but often unforgettable: first, the dense rain in late autumn seems to hang a rain curtain for thousands of families; First, at sunset, the balcony under the setting sun makes melodious flute sounds in the evening breeze. Two scenes: one cloudy and one sunny; A hazy, a bright. It is difficult to appear at the same time in reality. However, when the poet faced Mr. Shui's heaven and earth in Kaiyuan Temple, this impression, though not at the same time, belonged to the same place, which together formed a comprehensive and lasting impression on Xuancheng and Wanxi. The world, in the long river of time, has maintained this face for a long time? In this way, the cultural relics are gone, and the feeling of the scenery is still stronger and stronger. The objective world is long, but the life of singing and crying from generation to generation is limited. This made the poet think deeply, so the poet's nostalgia for Fan Li floated in his heart, and he missed seeing each other, only to see a jagged smoke tree in the direction of the five lakes. The five lakes refer to Taihu Lake and its four small lakes, so they can also be regarded as another name for Taihu Lake. From the azimuth, they are in the east of Xuancheng. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li helped Gou Jian, the king of Yue, defeat Fu Cha, the king of Wu. After his success, in order to avoid the suspicion of the King of Yue, he retired to the Five Lakes by boat.
He wandered in the natural landscape and was admired by later generations. The poem describes the scenery of Xuancheng beautifully, which is worth recalling, lamenting that the cultural relics of the Six Dynasties have become a thing of the past, and there is a feeling that life cannot last forever. In this way, Fan Li, who traveled all over the world and enjoyed the beautiful scenery of the mountains and rivers, naturally became the object of the poet's nostalgia.
The poet's mood is not high, but he writes the objective scenery beautifully, weaving some beautiful scenes such as "birds going up the mountain" and "a flute wind on the balcony at sunset". The rhythm and tone of the poem flow away briskly, giving people a refreshing feeling. The interaction of bright and healthy factors and deep melancholy embodies the so-called rough characteristics of Du Mu's poems in this poem.