Excellent teaching design of eighth grade Chinese Li Shihao 1 teaching objectives;
1. Get to know poets and accumulate literary knowledge.
2. Read it again and again to understand the characteristics of ancient poems and rhythms.
3. Read poetry, understand poetry, and experience ingenious ideas and language features. (key)
4. Analyze poetry and feel the social reality in poetry and the poet's feelings. (difficulty)
Teaching methods: reading aloud, independent inquiry and teacher's guidance.
First, the introduction of new courses.
The eight-year Anshi Rebellion turned the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, but in the past eight years, the people suffered countless sufferings and endless disasters. The great realistic poet Du Fu wrote Three Officials and Three Farewells based on his real experience. Today, we will walk into Shihao Village together and listen to his lamentation.
Second, get close to the poet and understand the background.
Prompt students to answer the common sense about Du Fu's literature in the form of fill-in-the-blank questions, get a general understanding of Du Fu's life track in the form of video, and understand the creative background of this poem through the introduction of textbook notes.
Third, reading poems and perceiving phonology.
1, read repeatedly to perceive the phonological and prosodic features of ancient poetry.
Students read by themselves and the teacher corrects their pronunciation;
Play audio, students listen and read, grasp the rhythm;
Read it again, feel the content and read the rhythm and charm.
2. Through the observation that "the hut was broken by the autumn wind", the characteristics of Du Fu's classical poems were expounded.
Movable type, five characters, two characters, seven characters, nine characters and so on;
The number of sentences can be more or less, odd or even;
The rhythm is changeable and uneven.
Fourth, understand poetry and define its structure.
1, combined with comments, teachers and students * * * sort out the theme of the poem.
2. From the content, this is a narrative poem. What are the time, place, main characters and events described?
Sunny: time: night; Venue: the old woman's home in Shihao Village; Main figures: officials, old women; Event: officials arrested people.
Please tell the story in the poem in your own words and translation.
At the beginning: the poet stayed at dusk, and he was arrested by officials in the middle of the night;
Development: the old woman opened the door and cried, telling the current situation that the family suffered from war;
End: The old woman was taken away and the poet said goodbye to the old man.
Fifth, analyze the train of thought and understand the main idea
1, please sum up the image of the servant and the old woman in one sentence in the poem?
Purge: Officials-Anger (Anger, Arrogance)
Old woman-bitter (bitter, bitter)
2. Where did the old woman suffer?
Clear: the pain of bereavement, family embarrassment, the elderly have to serve.
3. After reading this poem, some people say that the content of the old woman's speech was expressed on her own initiative. what do you think?
Clarity: Clever conception-Tibetan questions and answers (including questions and answers).
To some extent, the poet's writing about the old woman and the secret servant reflects his ideological contradiction. Praise the old woman's spirit of asking for help and implicitly expose the cruelty of the ruling class's minions.
4. What did the stone moat drink rudely? (Combined with the old woman's answer, use your imagination to supplement the official words of Shihao)
5. Staying in such a family, seeing such a thing and hearing such a passage, did "I" stop it? Did I speak? Can you feel the poet's mood?
Clear: a, guilt, self-blame. B, tangled contradictions.
Sixth, feel the feelings and summarize and sublimate.
1, combined with the background, clear the poet's feelings:
Worry about the country and the people.
2. Summary:
Mr. Guo Moruo praised Du Fu: "There are scars in the world and sages in poetry; The people suffer, and the bottom of the pen fluctuates. " Du Fu took poetry as his history. Although he was wandering from place to place, his heart was tied to the world. He is really a "saint" in poetry! May Du Fu's spirit live forever, and there will be no more wars on earth! (Read the poem again)
Seven. distribute
1, recite and write Li Shihao.
2. Use your imagination, supplement the details, and rewrite "Shi Hao Guan" into a short story (not less than 300 words).
Teaching objectives of Li Shihao, a top-quality teaching design for eighth grade Chinese.
1, read and recite this poem with emotion, and accumulate some classical Chinese vocabulary. Such as walking, speaking, skirts, the future, etc.
2. Understand the ideological content of poetry through repeated reading, and experience the poet's complex thoughts and feelings.
3. Understand the writing background and the profound disaster caused by the "An Shi Rebellion" to the people at that time, and educate students to cherish a peaceful and happy life.
Teaching focus
1. Read and recite this poem with emotion.
2. Understand the ideological content of poetry through repeated reading, and experience the poet's complex thoughts and feelings.
Teaching difficulties
Experience the poet's complicated thoughts and feelings.
Teaching hours 1 class hour
Teaching design
First, import
1, play the video material.
2. introduction
Second, teaching.
1, read it
(1) Look at the background materials. Let the students read Note 1 first, and then look at the illustrations in the textbook to understand the writing background.
(2) Students read independently. Ask the students to circle and annotate the words and sentences that they think are important or don't understand. After the students communicate, the teacher shows the words with courseware.
(3) Name students to read aloud. Let other students express their opinions.
(4) Teachers demonstrate reading. Emphasize feelings. Use specific poems (pause, speech speed, intonation) as reading guidance.
(5) Students read together.
(6) What did you read?
2. Manage it
It is carried out in the form of group cooperation. Students read poems, and the teacher explains them in time, helping students to clarify the meaning of the text and grasp the content of the poem as a whole.
What kind of social reality did The Night Catcher show at that time? Combine the whole poem and describe it in your own words.
Step 3 think about it
After reading (1), do you have anything to say about poetry and its poet Du Fu?
(2) Some people think that every word of the old lady was forced out by the police. what do you think?
(3) Why didn't the author write the words of the errand boy directly?
Guide students to study independently and explore problems in cooperative discussion.
4. practice.
Let the students read aloud with emotion and recite as much as possible.
5, write a write
Rewrite the Trencher into a story. You can also rewrite it into a short play if you are interested. (prompt omitted)
Third, the conclusion
The war left the people in dire straits. Social unrest and regime change in feudal times brought great disasters to the people. We live in peacetime, and it is our responsibility to build a harmonious society. Be grateful to the society, repay the society and be a person who is beneficial to social progress! Take the song "War is not a problem" as the background music, show the conclusion with courseware, create a scene and guide students to cherish a peaceful and happy life. )
Excellent teaching design of the eighth grade Chinese "Shihaoguan" III. Introduction:
Review the content of the last lesson, focusing on the embodiment of "the history of poetry" and the technique of "entering the scene with emotion and moving the scene with emotion" and analyzing Du Fu's psychological change process, highlighting the change of poetic style. And introduce a new lesson to remind students to find the "poetic history" position of Du Fu's poems.
Second, analyze the center of the article.
1. Just now, we all read this poem carefully together. Can some students tell us what the main point of this poem is? (Reference: Summarize in your own language).
Clear: the county magistrate arrested people at night, and the old man volunteered to serve.
2. Why arrest people? Arrest who? What kind of person is the old woman (how is it described in the article)?
Clear: fight to catch people; Catch mature men; "The old woman is very weak" (see photo)
Why don't you let such a frail old lady go?
Clarity: it is caused by a special era and introduces the background of the era. In the spring of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), six hundred thousand troops from nine provinces including Guo Ziyi surrounded Yecheng Anqingxu. Due to the disunity of command, the whole army was defeated by Shi Siming reinforcements. In order to supplement the troops, the Tang Dynasty forcibly arrested people from Luoyang West to Tongguan as soldiers, and the people were miserable. At this time, Du Fu is returning to Huazhou from Luoyang via Tongguan. From what I saw and heard along the way, I wrote "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". Li Shihao is one of the three officials. Ask students to review their literary knowledge: three officials: Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and three farewell: newly married, resigned and homeless.
4. Main content analysis
Why bother when collectors call women cry?
(1) What does the first paragraph say?
Clarity: the beginning of time, place, person and event.
"Throw a stone into the village at dusk and arrest people at night." Just explained to dusk, what does it mean to recall dusk? Clearance: Good evening! In our opinion, it is normal to stay at night, but in ancient times, due to social disorder and desolate journey, passengers "stayed while there is still time", not to mention in this era of war and disaster! However, Du Fu hurried to spend the night in a small village in the big market. This unusual scene is very enlightening. Imagine n possibilities, ask questions and stimulate students' imagination.
Ask the author why he directly pointed out that officials arrested people instead of writing about conscription and soldiers.
Clarity: the true description contains the meaning of disclosure and criticism, and when a night word is used as an adverbial of time, the meaning is more abundant.
First, it shows that officials often arrest people, and ordinary people hide or resist during the day and can't catch them.
Second, second, it shows that the county officials are vicious in arresting people and have a sudden attack in the dark night when people are already asleep.
This sentence tells the time and place of stay, tells the whole story, tells the panic, troubles and everything out of the normal atmosphere of the times, which lays the foundation for the old lady's speech later, and also explains the origin of the speech, which is the beginning of things.
(2) Contrastively analyze why officials are angry and why women cry.
These two sentences are extremely general and vividly write the' sharp contradiction between officials and women'. A cry, a cry, an anger, a bitter, in sharp contrast; The two adverbials "Yihe" add emotional color, effectively rendering the outrageous momentum of the county official, and also brewing a sad atmosphere for the old woman's complaint below. Why do women cry? Why are officials angry? Listen to this lady's speech. It is a connecting link. The poet was listening, and the old woman answered the angry cry of the county magistrate with tears.
(3) Dialogue exercise: complement the dialogue between officials and women, form a dialogue in a modern way, and deepen students' understanding of the text.
The old woman went out to have a look, and the county magistrate jumped in. The thief looked everywhere, but he couldn't find anyone and closed his eyes. Then he shouted, "Where are your people? Hand it over! " The old woman sobbed and said, "All three sons are soldiers guarding Yecheng. One son just wrote that the other two sons are dead ... ". When crying, the county magistrate may not believe it, but he also expressed his trust in the county magistrate. In a word, the situation that "the living drag out an ignoble existence and the dead are long gone" is enough to make people sympathize, and she very much hopes to win the sympathy of the county magistrate and be lenient. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate was angry again: "Is there no one else in your family? Hand it over! " The old woman said, "There is no one at home!" "At this time, the grandson hiding somewhere in his daughter-in-law's arms was frightened by the roar and began to cry, which didn't help. So the county magistrate seized the handle and threatened: "How dare you lie! Isn't there a child crying? " The old lady had to say, "There is only one grandson! Still breastfeeding, very small! " "Who eats milk? There must be a mother! Don't hand her over! "What the old lady was worried about finally happened! She had to bite the bullet and explain: "The grandson did have a mother and her husband died in Yecheng. She didn't remarry because she had to breast-feed her children. Pity her clothes. How can she meet people? "Do me a favor!" But county officials still refused to stop. The old lady was afraid that her widowed daughter-in-law would be caught and her grandson would starve to death, so she had to come forward: "Although I am old and tired, please let me go back to the yamen with you overnight, so that I can be the leader of a gang in Heyang, and maybe I can make breakfast for the soldiers when I get there."
These two or three paragraphs are the focus of this article and the content of the old woman's speech, and the incident reached its climax here.
Students can improvise and try to figure out the characters.
(4) Obviously, this is the technique of "hiding questions and answering them" in ancient poetry, which makes the content more concentrated.
For example, Jia Dao's Notes for the Absent.
(5) The writing intention of the last paragraph (Question: What effect will it have if it is removed? )
The long night shows the long process of the old woman crying repeatedly and the county officials bullying in every way. On the one hand, the word "Ruwen" shows that the daughter-in-law was sobbing because her husband was killed and her mother-in-law was arrested, on the other hand, it also shows that the poet listened attentively and stayed up all night. Dawn came to the future and bid farewell to the old man alone. The whole collection contains infinite affection in the narrative. Imagine last night's complaint, the old man and the old woman greeted him, but after a night, the old woman was arrested and her daughter-in-law was sobbing, so she had to say goodbye to the old man who had escaped. What is the mood of the old man? How does a poet feel? It leaves readers with room for imagination. Take care of the beginning, involving all the characters, and write the ending of the event and the author's feelings.
(6) Why didn't Du Fu blame this family for taking Du Fu in wartime?
Clear: Du Fu's psychological embodiment of this contradiction is eager to pacify the rebels as soon as possible, and there is no way to stop it in the Tang Dynasty, which strongly praises the old woman's hard-working spirit. However, Du Fu expressed sympathy for the people in the war in his poems, and also criticized the euphemism of county officials.
Homework: Continue to write articles, pay attention to the key points and the application of the technique of "blending scenes and moving scenes with emotions".
Excellent teaching design of the teaching goal of the eighth grade Chinese "Li Shihao" 4.
1, knowledge goal: to understand the accumulation of words in classical Chinese, to understand the meaning of the text, to understand the comparison, contrast and the characteristics of "poetry history".
2. Ability goal: reading classical Chinese; The analytical ability of ancient poetry.
3. Emotional goal: learn from the people's dedication and understand the key role of official management.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Analyze the function of the old woman's words on the expression center and embodiment of "the history of poetry"
2. Du Fu's understanding of ambivalence.
teaching method
Reading, reading, extension.
time management
One class hour
teaching process
(1) Guide design (3 minutes)
Du Fu was the greatest realistic poet in Tang Dynasty. He lived in an era when the Tang Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline, and his poems were full of depression and frustration. Later generations honored him as a "poet saint" and praised his poems as a "history of poetry". "Folk sufferings, pen bottom waves. There are scars in the world and sages in poetry. "
2. The Anshi Rebellion began in 755 AD and lasted for eight years. In these eight years, the land of the Tang Dynasty was filled with smoke and war. Over the past eight years, the people of the whole Tang Dynasty have been miserable and miserable. Especially in the late winter of 758 AD, nine 600,000 troops of our army, including Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi, were defeated in Yecheng, and the Datang regime was in danger. In order to supplement the troops, the Tang Dynasty forcibly arrested people from Luoyang to Tongguan as soldiers, and the people were miserable.
The great realistic poet Du Fu wrote Three Officials and Three Farewells based on his real experience. Today, we will walk into Shihao Village together and listen to his lamentation.
(2) Self-study (10 minutes)
1, read freely, and read the text as correctly as possible with the help of syllables.
At dusk, in Shihao Village, officials arrested people at night and walked on the wall.
Three men in Yecheng defended their lives, but only gave birth to grandchildren.
Although the old woman was physically exhausted, she was anxious to cope with Jiang and Yang's service, sobbing and choking.
2. Self-questioning and inquiry learning. Accumulate a word, a word and a sentence.
Meaning:
At dusk, the old man in Shihao Village climbed over the Great Wall.
Li Hu Yi () got angry and listened to the woman ().
Three people () Yecheng garrison () and one person attached a book to ().
Those who drag out an ignoble existence have been dead for a long time.
Only the nursing grandchild () and the old woman () are weak.
Cooking in the morning is better than rushing in the river.
Silence in the long night () is like crying and choking ()
Sentence: Although the old woman is weak, please return from the official night and be anxious to serve Heyang, so she should prepare for cooking in the morning.
The accumulation of teachers:
Garrison-east, east (point garrison (east) horizontal (west) east (west) concave)
What?-How?
Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead! -drag out an ignoble existence
Try to understand the beginning, development, climax and ending of the story.
4. What kind of stories have you read? Can you sum it up with a sentence in the poem? -"There are officials arresting people at night."
Read a short story together.
(3) Reading aloud (10 minutes)
1, read emotion.
Du Fu had mixed feelings when he entered the future at dawn, trying to understand.
The night is long and silent, like a sob, and the morning will come, leaving the old man alone.
Sympathize with the suffering people, hate the vicious officers, and be helpless under the decadent political rule-read a sincere emotion (worrying about the country and the people).
2. read the role.
In Du Fu's narrative, two completely different roles are highlighted. Try to figure out their image characteristics. Why bother when collectors call women cry?
-Read their different tones (official-violence, old woman-bitterness).
3. it is ups and downs to read.
Carefully understand the process of the old woman's speech and observe the sufferings of the people.
The pain of bereavement, embarrassment and recruitment-reading three layers of helplessness.
④ Reading (15 minutes)
1. This poem is a true story, and the plot is not simple, but the poet vividly reproduces the whole process of plot development with only 120 words, which is extremely concise. However, I have a question. There is little description of Shihaoguan in the article, but it is named Shihaoguan. Please select the most representative content, circle the comments and talk about your findings.
Example: "At dusk, officials arrested people at night."
Environmental description-Twilight reflects the turbulent times and people's anxiety, and they dare not go on as soon as it gets dark. The word "village" expresses years of panic and confusion. Pedestrians are afraid to take the main road, so they have to find a path and rest in a deserted village. The sentence "officials arrest people at night" is the outline of the whole article, and the following plot arises from it. To say "arresting people" instead of "recruiting soldiers" is to expose criticism in truthful description.
Positive depiction-the word "night" has rich meanings. First, it shows that the government's "arresting people" often happens, and people hide or resist during the day and cannot "catch" them; Second, it shows that the county magistrate's "arresting people" means vicious, and he suddenly attacked in the dark while people were sleeping.
2. Summary: In fact, this poem still has a lot to appreciate. The simplicity of language comes from the artistic conception of "making waves with water"
Answering questions in Tibetan, combining light and shade
There are people who talk, and there are reasons.
3. When reading "Stone Gull", you can't help but really understand the meaning of "the history of poetry". You have to read Du Fu's feelings of compassion and sorrow to truly understand the weight of "the sage of poetry". So, please read this poem again in a sad tone. Pay attention to "what" and "those who drag out an ignoble existence, the dead have grown up!" How to deal with the pronunciation and intonation of "long silence at night" and "independence"
Verb (short for verb) Homework:
1. Rewrite Shihao official as narrative.
2. Recite "Shi Qu Officials"
3. Read Three Officials and Three Farewells after class.
Sixth, class summary.
Praise: Master Shao Ling is old and true, and his wonderful books are full of history.
Some officials arrested people in the middle of the night, and the old man passed by the old woman and saw it.
The speech was bitter and tearful, but it seemed to be continuous.
Excellent Teaching Design of Five Teaching Objectives of Chinese "Li Shihao" in Grade Eight
1, familiar with reading, able to accumulate and understand the meanings of related words in poetry with the help of notes and reference books.
2. Analyze the key words to understand the poet's sympathy for the people's sufferings and condemnation of the fierce officials in his clever narrative.
3. Understand the deep suffering brought by the war and feel the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
Teaching focus
On the basis of reading the text, grasp the poem and experience the feelings expressed by the poet in the clever narrative.
Teaching difficulties
Taste the language of poetry, connect with the author's experience, and perceive the image of a poet who has suffered a lot and is worried about the country and the people.
teaching process
First, stimulate interest and review old knowledge.
1. Look at the couplet guessing poet. Evaluate the introduction of Du Fu and his poems.
2. Students recall the poems of Du Fu and exchange information about Du Fu.
Second, reading the whole poem, the overall perception
1, read the pronunciation correctly, understand the words and read the main idea.
2. Teachers demonstrate reading and students read aloud.
3. Summarize the main contents of this narrative poem and introduce the background of the times when the author wrote this poem.
Third, reading poetry focuses on reading.
1, thinking: The title of the poem is "Shihaoguan", but only two sentences in the poem mention "Shihaoguan". The main space is about the old woman. Why?
Tip: Read the thirteen poems of the old woman's Yan carefully and think about how many layers of meaning her words contain.
In the face of threats and inducements from officials, how did the old woman make this "remark"?
Discuss and communicate, imagine adding official questions, what can you feel from it?
2. Thinking: Apart from the old lady's words, what other poems in the poem made us feel the chaotic social situation at that time? Analyze with key sentences.
Fourth, read it again and feel the mood (complete the form and summarize it)
V. Homework, expansion and improvement
1. Learn the meaning of keywords by reciting.
2. Rewrite this poem into a narrative poem. (Hint: Give full play to your imagination, reasonably supplement the story, pay attention to the specific appearance, language, movements and other descriptions of the characters, and appropriately add environmental contrast. )