original text
Liang fuhang
Cao Zhi? Wei and Jin dynasties
Different in all directions, thousands of miles of wind and rain.
The play is for people at the border, and grass is given.
A wife is like an animal, whose behavior is blocked by the forest.
When Chai Men is depressed, foxes and rabbits fly around my room.
translate
The climate in all directions is different, and the forms of wind and rain within a thousand miles are different.
How hard it is for the poor by the sea. They usually live in grass huts in the wild.
Wife and children live like animals, wandering in the dangerous mountains.
The humble Chai Men is so deserted that foxes and rabbits have no scruples about walking around the house.
To annotate ...
Alien gas: different climate. Special: different.
Drama: difficult.
Entrust: life.
Caotian: Field, Yuan Ye.
Wife: wife and children.
Elephant: Yes.
Stop: traces of action.
Forest resistance: a dangerous place in the forest.
Chai Men: A door made of branches, etc.
Depression: cold and cheerless.
Item: Walk slowly.
Y: The house.
Creation background
After Cao Pi reached the summit, the poet was exiled to the poor seaside. In the difficult and unfortunate environment of his own existence, he saw the poor life of the lower class and gradually realized its pain. He wrote this passionate work.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem describes the hard life of the seaside people, profoundly reflects the tragic scene of people's life in that era, and shows the author's sympathy for the life of working people. The whole poem adopts the methods of positive description and side contrast, which makes the miserable life picture of the seaside poor jump from the page, concise and profound.
"Different in all directions, different in thousands of miles of wind and rain" is the foil of "playing for the benefit of the border people". Although the situation varies from place to place, the most difficult thing is the "coastal people".
The three sentences in "The Corpse Delivery" actually describe the miserable life of the "border people". They are not in the "weeds" and live an inhuman life. Eat alive, build nests and dig holes, so say "like an animal"; They dare not come out for fear of being found and taken away. They drill in the mountains every day, so they say, "Stop by the forest." The word "Yi" shows the practical activities and fears of refugees. They have to gather food in the forest for a living, and they have to hide in dangerous deep valleys. They are afraid to expose their whereabouts, and dare not leave Lin Mang during the day or speak loudly with naked flames at night.
"Chai Men is depressed, foxes and rabbits fly in my room" is the essence of the whole poem. It is a very sad reality that fugitives haunt the mountains every day and compete with foxes and rabbits for food and shelter, but because they are uninhabited, they become foxes and rabbits to jump freely and indulge themselves. These two sentences expand the connotation of the whole poem, which not only makes people want to see the tears of refugees fleeing, but also makes people see a broader social picture of barren production and desolate villages; It also expands the realm of the whole poem. The first three sentences are the scene in the poet's eyes, and these two sentences are the imagination of the people in the poem. The short eight-sentence poem, with this stroke, adds a layer of twists and turns and a group of images, which is a good structure of controlling more with less. Unfortunately, this point has been ignored, thinking that these two sentences are also like the tragic life of "coastal people", and with the first three sentences, they write the desolation of living; Imagine, the "border people" wandering between animals and animals are sighing at the "foxes and rabbits flying in my space". In this way, the content and image of the poem suddenly faded, so we can't understand this poem, because it is not about "people on the frontier" but "people who fled to the frontier"
Cao Zhi once advised Cao Chui to "save corvee, pay less taxes and cultivate mulberry" in "Xieliaodong Table", and now he directly appeals to people's livelihood with poems. Jian 'an poets have few subjects that reflect the life of the lower class, so this poem is more valuable.
Brief introduction of the author
Cao Zhi (192-232) was born in Zijian of Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province). Cao Wei was a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period and a representative of Jian 'an literature. The son of Cao Cao, Emperor Wudi of Wei, and the younger brother of Cao Pi, Emperor Wendi of Wei, used to be the king of Chen before his death. After his death, posthumous title "thought", so he was also called King Chen Si. Because of their literary attainments, later generations are called "Three Caos" with Cao Cao and Cao Pi, and Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, even commented that "there is one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights". Wang Shizhen evaluated the poets who have lived for two thousand years since the Han and Wei Dynasties as "immortals", including Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi.