Morphemes are elements that make up words. It is the combination of sound and meaning of the smallest unit in a language. Morpheme is the unit lower than word, and word is the smallest unit that can be used independently in language, which refers to the position and function of word in syntactic structure. As far as words in language are concerned, many words can be further analyzed into several smallest units of sound and meaning, namely morphemes.
Second, morphemes
Morpheme refers to the smallest combination of sound and meaning in a language. In other words, a language unit must meet three conditions at the same time-"minimum, sound and meaning" to be called a morpheme, especially "minimum" and "meaning". Monosyllabic language units can be directly judged by the definition of morphemes, and disyllabic and polysyllabic language units can be replaced by known morphemes, that is, language units to be determined whether they are morphemes or not can be replaced. Morphemes and non-morphemes can be combined with other morphemes to form words.
Extended data
Relationship with words:
(A), morphemes
(1), some Chinese characters actually represent several different morphemes. For example, the word "vice" represents at least three morphemes-"vice 1": meaning "second, second"; "Deputy II": it means "match and match"; "Deputy 3": the unit of measurement for something.
(2) The same morpheme can also be expressed by different Chinese characters at the same time. For example, the word "ba" of "Lai" can also be written as "ba".
(3) A Chinese character can also contain two morphemes. Such as "two" and "three" actually contain two morphemes "two" and "three" respectively. 4. Some Chinese characters represent morphemes on some occasions, but not on some occasions. For example, words such as "sand", "Qiao" and "horse" are meaningful in "sediment", "coincidence" and "road", and they are all morphemes respectively; But in sofa, chocolate and motor, they have no meaning. They are not morphemes, they are just the representatives of a syllable.
(B), morphemes
(1), a Chinese character corresponds to a syllable and a morpheme, and most monosyllabic morphemes belong to this situation. For example, "Fan" corresponds to a disease that is difficult to cure.
(2) It is common that a Chinese character corresponds to a syllable and multiple morphemes, which is the so-called polysemous word. For example, "Xiang" corresponds to the semantics of fragrance, good taste, popularity and kissing.
(3) Many Chinese characters correspond to the same syllable and morpheme, and variants in Chinese are typical examples.
(4) A Chinese character corresponds to multiple syllables and morphemes. The disyllabic words in Chinese belong to this kind of correspondence.
(5) Some Chinese characters are meaningless and do not represent any morphemes. In other words, a morpheme corresponds to multiple Chinese characters and syllables. Such as "chocolate", they are not morphemes, but symbols for recording syllables.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Morpheme
Baidu Encyclopedia-Morpheme