Poetry writing generally requires rhyming antithesis, concise language, distinct rhythm and harmonious tone; Ci should be highly musical according to the requirements of the monument name, showing the beauty of rhythm and rich flavor of life; Music is popular, lively and relatively free.
2. Different pop times: popular poems in Tang Dynasty, popular words in Song Dynasty and popular songs in Yuan Dynasty.
3. Different history: Poetry originated from ancient social life; Ci originated from poetry and rose in the middle Tang Dynasty. Qu inherited the beauty and ingenuity of poetry, reflected political autocracy and social darkness, radiated dazzling fighting brilliance and revealed resistance.
Poetry is the ancestor of literature and the root of art, and it is a literary genre that expounds the soul. Poets need to master mature artistic skills and express social life and human spiritual world with concise language, rich emotions and rich images according to certain requirements of syllables, tones and rhythms. Representative figures of Tang poetry: Li Bai, Du Fu, etc.
Ci began in Liang, became in Tang and flourished in Song. Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of China ancient literature. In Yuen Long, an ancient literature in China, it competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been on an equal footing with Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. Later, there was a book with the same name, Song Ci. Representative figures of Song Ci: Lu You, Li Qingzhao, etc.
The rise of Yuanqu has a far-reaching influence and outstanding contribution to the development of China's national poetry and cultural prosperity. As soon as Yuanqu appeared, just like other artistic flowers, it immediately showed great vitality. It is not only a convenient tool for literati to express their feelings, but also provides a brand-new art form to reflect the social life of the Yuan Dynasty. Representative figures of Yuan Zaju: Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, etc.
Extended information: the evolution of China's poetic form
Judging from the existing historical data, China's earliest poems are works included in the Book of Songs in the 6th century BC. Among them, most poems are four words and one sentence, and the other part is long and short sentences with different words.
Judging from the number of clauses, both four-character poems and long and short poems are more or less inconsistent. Since the works in The Book of Songs are the earliest poems in China, the works in The Book of Songs are also the earliest poems in China.
In the 3rd-4th century BC, Chu Ci written by Qu Yuan, Song Yu and others was handed down. The form of Chuci is that the number of sentences is uncertain and the number of words in a sentence is different. The auXiliary words "xi", "you" or "only" are added in the sentence or at the end of the sentence.
Since the Han Dynasty, four-character poems and Chu Ci have been replaced by five-character poems and one five-character poem. At that time, there was no limit to the number of five-character poems, which could be long or short. Later people called it a five-character ancient poem. At the same time, there are Yuefu poems, five-character poems and long and short sentences.
In the Three Kingdoms, Cao Pi wrote two complete seven-character poems. Seven-character poetry did not become popular until Qi and Liang Dynasties, and the rhythm of poetry began to sprout during this period.
Later, in the early Tang Dynasty, the form of modern poetry had been established. Since then, the forms of five-character modern poetry and seven-character modern poetry have been preserved, juxtaposed with classical poetry that is not restricted by metrical rules. Modern poetry can be divided into quatrains and metrical poems. Each quatrain poem is limited to four sentences, and metrical poems are limited to eight sentences.
Another arrangement method, also called long method, is not limited by the number of sentences, but only needs to maintain the rhythm of modern poetry, which can be ten to hundreds of sentences. From the end of the seventh century to the middle of the eighth century, that is, before and after the opening of Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty, the literary form of Ci gradually took shape. From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, Ci was in its heyday.
After the death of Song Dynasty, the popular form of poetry in Yuan Dynasty was Sanqu. Sanqu is divided into two categories: a poem and several songs. The number of songs is also called the number of songs. Poetry is just a song, and the number of songs is composed of several songs. The form of Qu is close to that of Ci, and the main difference between Qu and Ci is that rhyme is more flexible and colloquial than Ci.
Before the appearance of new poetry, there was no new poetic form in China.