Author: Du Fu
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu. 3.
The creator has endowed all mysterious nature with elegance here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. 5.
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. 6.
Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see seven mountains, and all the others are short in the sky. ..
1. Yue: This refers to Mount Tai in Dongyue.
2. Daizong: Mount Tai, also known as Daishan, is located in the north of Tai 'an City, Shandong Province. In ancient times, Mount Tai was the head of the five mountains, and the mountains lived here, so it was also called "Daizong". Emperors of past dynasties held meditation ceremonies, all of which were in this mountain.
3. Qilu: The boundary of Qilu in ancient times, Taishan, Beiqi and Nanlu. Unfinished means gloomy mountains, endless, it's hard to say anything.
4. Nature: heaven and earth, nature. Zhong: Assemble. Shen Xiu: It refers to the beauty of the mountain.
5. Yin and Yang: This refers to the north and south of the mountain. Cut: points. Mount Tai covers the sky, the south of the mountain faces the sun, and the sky is high and cool; The mountains are shady in the north, and the sky is dark. There are two worlds at the same time
6. Absolutely: Zhang Da. Bags under eyes. Uncle Jue described farsightedness. The returning bird; Follow the returning birds.
7. it will be: absolutely. Ling: The board of directors.
This is the earliest of Du Fu's existing works. In the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736), when the poet first visited Zhao Qi, he was only 25 years old. This is a magnificent landscape poem, which shows the majestic and beautiful scenery of Mount Tai. The poem is permeated with the poet's love for the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland and the spirit of ambition, initiative, optimism and self-confidence in his youth. There are many comments on this poem by predecessors, such as "green is about to drip, green is everywhere in Qilu", which is praised by everyone, and Liu Chenweng called it "a five-character hero covers his life"; Guo Jun said, "There are countless stories about others visiting Mount Tai, which are all told by Uncle Du" (for the above two sentences, see General Comment on the Forest of Tang Poetry). "Tang Poetry" says: "Five characters are too high." The last two sentences of this poem are also commented quite well. Pu Qilong's "Reading Du Xin Jie" said: "The end of the couplet is a look down on the future. Through a layer of income, the prospect of the present is removed ... Du Zi's heart is full of vigor and vitality, and he is considerable." Take it as a volume and stand tall as a town. "
There are three poems in Du Fu's Wang Yue, which are about Dongyue (Mount Tai), Nanyue (Hengshan) and Xiyue (Huashan). This song is Mount Tai in Dongyue. In the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736), the 24-year-old poet began a wandering life of "chasing horses". This poem was written in Qi and Zhao (now Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places) and is the earliest extant poem of Du Fu. Between the lines, Du Fu's youthful vigor is permeated.
There is not a word "Wang" in the whole poem, and every sentence is about seeing Yue. Distance is from far to near, time is from morning to dusk, from looking forward to sunset, from looking forward to the future. The first sentence is "the grandeur of Mount Tai! ? When I first saw Mount Tai, I was so happy that I didn't know how to describe it. Very vivid. Dai is another name for Mount Tai. Being the first of the five mountains, he was honored as Daizong. "How is the husband", that is, what is it? In ancient Chinese, the word "fu" was usually used as a function word at the beginning of a sentence. It is a novelty to integrate it into poetry here. Although the word "husband" has no substantive meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "vivid portrayal is being blocked." Endless green stretches across Qilu and Qilu. "is the answer after some pondering, which is really amazing. It is neither abstractly said that Mount Tai is high, nor used "Cui" like Xie Lingyun's "Taishan Fu". Use the general language of "stabbing the sky" to describe it, but write your own experience in an ingenious way-outside the land of two ancient Qilu countries, you can still see Mount Tai from a distance, and set off the height of Mount Tai with distance. Mount Tai is the land in the south and the Qi in the north, so this sentence describes the geographical characteristics and cannot be misappropriated when writing about other mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Mo Ruzhong's poem "Wang Yuelou in Dengdong County" said: "Qilu is not yet a teenager. Who will inherit Ling Du in the poem? " He put forward this poem in particular, and it makes sense that no one can succeed. The phrase "the creator has given all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. " It describes the magical beauty and lofty image of Mount Tai seen from a close look, which is the footnote of the last sentence "unfinished youth". The word "zhong" is naturally affectionate. Shanqian lane
One side of the sun is "Yang" and the other side behind the mountain is "Yin". Because the mountain is high, it is judged to cut on the yin and yang sides of the mountain at twilight, so it is called "cutting twilight". "Qie" is a very common word, but it is really a "strange adventure" to use it here. It can be seen that the poet Du Fu's writing style of "language is not surprising and never stops" was developed in his youth. "Clouds Wangfu? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. " In two words, it is to write a beautiful hope. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling; Because after watching it for a long time, I feel like my eyes are going to break. A homing bird refers to a bird that has returned to its nest in the forest. It is already dusk, and the poet is still in sight. It goes without saying that it contains the poet's interest in the rivers of the motherland.
Love for mountains. "Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." These last two sentences are about the desire to climb Yue arising from looking at Yue. "Hui" is a spoken language in the Tang Dynasty, which means "must". For example, Wang Bo's "Ode to Spring": "I am a scavenger in one fell swoop, covering Zhu Xuan for a spring." Sometimes the word "Hui" is used alone, such as Sun Guangxian's "North Dream": "I will kill this homo erectus one day!" In other words, there are often single users in Du Fu's poems, such as "Old Shu in this life, Qin after death!" It is inaccurate and arrogant to interpret "will" as "should". From these two inspiring and symbolic poems, we can see the ambition and spirit of the poet Du Fu who is not afraid of difficulties, dares to climb to the top and overlooks everything. This is the key for Du Fu to become a great poet.
Now, it is also indispensable for all those who make a difference. This is why these two poems have been recited by people for thousands of years, and they can still arouse our strong voice. In Qing Dynasty, Pu Yin Long thought that Du Fu's poems "put righteousness first" and said that "Du Fu's soul is beautiful and impressive. Take it as a volume and make it a town. " (Reading Jie) also emphasized the symbolic significance of these two poems. This is exactly the same as Du Fu's "comparing himself with Qi State" in politics and "short-sighted resentment against Cao Liu Wall" in creation. This poem was praised as a "swan song" by later generations, carved stone as a monument and stood at the foot of the mountain. Undoubtedly, it will be immortal with Mount Tai.
Whole poem translation:
What is the scene of Mount Tai, the head of the Five Mountains? On the land of Qilu, Lian Mian will never see its cyan.
Nature has given all the wonders of the mountain to Mount Tai, making the south side of the mountain bright and the north side dark, which is completely different.
Layers of clouds rise, jump in the heart, and birds return to the mountains.
Be sure to climb the top of Mount Tai. At that time, the mountains around you will look small.
Berthing Guazhou
Wang Anshi
A water room in Guazhou, Jingkou,
Zhongshan is separated by only a few mountains.
The spring breeze in Jiang Nanan is green,
When will the bright moon shine on me?
[Notes]
1. Berthing: dock.
2. Guazhou: North bank of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, south of Yangzhou City.
3. Jingkou: the south bank of the Yangtze River, now Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.
4. Zhongshan: Now the Purple Mountain in Nanjing.
5. Weight: How many floors?
6. Green: It's green.
7. Return: refers to returning to the home under the Purple Mountain.
[Brief analysis]
This is a famous lyric poem, which expresses the poet's deep affection for overlooking the south of the Yangtze River and missing his hometown. The title of this poem is "boating in Guazhou", which points out the poet's foothold. The first sentence "Guazhou in Jingkou is a water room" describes the scenery in front of us. The poet stood at Guazhou Ferry and looked south. He saw that Jingkou and Guazhou on the south bank were so close, separated by a river. Therefore, the poet thinks that Zhongshan, where his home is located, is only a few floors away, and it is not far. The second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains" implies the mood of the poet anxious to return. The third sentence also describes the scenery, pointing out that the season is spring and depicting the scenery on the south bank of the Yangtze River. The word "green" means blowing green, and it is used wonderfully. Legend has it that Wang Anshi changed the word more than ten times in order to make good use of it, and finally chose the word "Qing" from more than ten verbs such as "Zhi", "Zhi", "Zhi" and "Zhi". Because other words only express the arrival of spring breeze, but they do not show the changes of a new green landscape on the Qianli River bank after the arrival of spring. The last sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me?" The poet has been waiting for a long time, but he didn't realize that at the beginning of the bright moon, the poet imagined a picture of "the bright moon shines on me" with interrogative sentences, further expressing the poet's feelings of missing his hometown. Literally, this poem shows nostalgia for my hometown. I have a great desire to fly across the river and reunite with my relatives. In fact, there is also a strong desire to return to politics and implement the New Deal between the lines.