The theory of "the history of poetry" is widely used in China's ancient poetry criticism. Yang Shen analyzed the theory of "the history of poetry" from the aspects of the essence of poetry, the aesthetic theory of the value and implication of poetry, and the truth of life and art, which has an important historical position in the evolution of the theory of "the history of poetry".
Yuan Yang Weizhen's Preface to Wu Poetry said: "The world calls Lao a history of poetry, so as to see current events. To say that old Du Feizhi chronicles, there are also methods of the Spring and Autumn Period. Its purpose is straight and soft, and its words are hidden. Such as Dongling Hill, Huamen, Du Fu, Dong Shou, Huaqing, Qianhoudi. " If you know Du Fu's poems, the poems in Chunqiu are also works of history. "(Eastern Wei subset. Volume 7) He thinks that "the history of poetry" is not enough to cover the aesthetic value of Du Fu's poems. Du Fu's poems not only "directly record history", but also make his works have implicit aesthetic effect through implicit praise and criticism in the Spring and Autumn Period. Where's Yuan? NFDD2？ Someone said, "Rice is the food for parrots" and it is also a documentary, "A Phoenix". It is not the habitat of birds, and it has no real color ... It is called "the history of poetry" in the world. These syntaxes are very similar to those in history, and their connotations are different. "Du Shiyi. Volume 3) Poetry should be documentary first, but these are not enough. It is also necessary to draw nutrition from the writing of history books to achieve the effect of infinite meaning. Moreover, he believes that poetry should be treated according to the original real life, rather than a running account. Otherwise, it will not be known as "the history of poetry" or even poetry. Because "history has its own pen of history, the so-called concise and detailed, sparse and not leaking." "A book is like a city account book, and you can't say history, no matter what poetry is" (Du Shiyi. Volume 2). Therefore, Ji Yun later said: "Since the Song Dynasty advocated the theory of the history of poetry, Du Fu's poems were written on the basis of Liu Zhang and Song Qi, and the word-sentence should be consistent with the biography. The husband is loyal to the monarch and patriotic and worried about the current situation. Therefore, Du Fu's poems are higher than those of other literati. However, the concentration is simply dozens of ears. Yin Yue thinks she is better than Su Zong, Yin Ying thinks she is better than Li, and the poet has no scenery. It is said that wan ku's clothes are better than villains, and Confucian clothes are better than gentlemen, so the poet has nothing to say. " Although Yuan's remarks may not be fully understood, the publication can quite understand its meaning in addition to its persistence and temperament. "("Du Shizhen Four Treasures of the Study Summary ")
Second, the creative spirit of straight pen
Song people found that Du Fu's poems had the creative spirit written directly from history books. For example, Liu Kezhuang's "Post-Shi Cun Dialect", Volume IV, says: "Be good at housekeeping. It went to protest with the province and sat in the rescue tube. After the funeral, Xie Fangan. The poem "Give a Gift to Ge Shuhan" is full of praise. However, Chen Tao Xie and Tongguan are quite straightforward. Or doubt is the opposite of elemental theory. Yu said: John was not defeated, which is unknown. Although the tube is defeated, it is still famous all over the world. As for the defeat of Chen Tao's oblique Tongguan, it is unforgivable to write straight, so it is called "the history of poetry". What is the opposite? "It is said that Du Fu's poems have the spirit of' not empty beauty, not hiding evil'. The ninth volume of this book also says: "Xin 'anli, Tongguan Li, seeing off relatives, saying goodbye to the old, being homeless, etc." Describe the feud between men and women, the family is ruined, and the father and son are not around each other, similar to Dongshan, picking EU, driving a car and other poems. Since the mid-Tang dynasty, corvee has been the norm, as for national subjugation. After the Soviet Union, it was not the restoration of the Tang Dynasty in Zhenguan and Kaiyuan. " For those who are not included in the new and old Tang Shi, I will briefly introduce Du Fu's poems. It is precisely because Du Fu's writing style is straightforward that his poems have the cognitive function of making up history.