"Scenes blend and feelings are embedded in the scenery", in short, is the aesthetic realm of mutual infiltration and integration of subjective feelings and objective scenery. Generally speaking, people express their feelings through images. Whether you express your feelings through the scenery or immerse yourself in the scenery, you can integrate your feelings into a specific natural scenery or life scene and express your feelings through the description of life scenes. This is an indirect and implicit lyric way. Many people pay attention to the proposition of college entrance examination, and often have doubts from now on.
For example: 1. Read the following Tang poem and answer the questions as required.
Today (1) Li Shangyin
In the distance, books are dreams, and only empty beds are enemies.
Under the steps of moss mangroves, the moon is sad in the rain.
[Note] ① End residence: idle residence. ② Pingqiu: synonymous with autumn.
(2) What are the artistic features of the three or four sentences in this poem? Please analyze it briefly.
(2006 Fujian College Entrance Examination 10 Question)
Analysis: Classical poems often contain feelings in the scenery, and each poem has its artistic conception, which is closely related to each other. Only by fully understanding words can we better understand the artistic conception of poetry. According to the poem, three or four sentences moved from the "empty bed" indoors to the "moss" and "mangrove" outdoors. But it is not an objective description, but empathy into the scene, which makes the objective scenery objective and has a strong subjective color. The colors of mosses and mangroves are bright and beautiful, but at night, under the cover of misty rain and hazy jathyapple, the colors will inevitably appear dim and fuzzy. To the sad poet, this poem Moss and Mangrove under the Steps seems to show a silent sadness and a cold and desolate attitude in silence. On a stormy night, on a moonlit night, it's hard to get rid of that melancholy and sparse feeling, and not just a poet who ran away from home! Therefore, the answer is: in terms of artistic techniques, the biggest feature of the third and fourth sentences is to express emotion by borrowing scenery. With the help of the descriptions of moss, rainbow trees, rainy scenes and the moon, the poet endowed the objective scenery with a strong main color, created a cold atmosphere, and expressed his sadness, loneliness and homesickness.
Second, express emotions through historical discussions.
Poetry is often sung by quoting classics and expressing emotions, so the difference is that people have different evaluations of the same historical event or historical figure. The angle a poet chooses is based on the feelings or feelings he wants to express, so it is very necessary to analyze and appreciate historical poems and grasp the author's situation and state of mind at that time. This is precisely the reason why college entrance examination proposers attach importance to it.
For example: 2. Read the following two poems and answer them as required. Jia sheng
Li shangyin
The propaganda room invited the sages to meet the ministers, and Jia was even more incoherent.
Before midnight, people in Mo Wen asked about ghosts and gods.
Jia sheng
Wang Anshi
At that time, the discussion was slightly implemented. Who said Wang Bo and Jia Sheng?
Since the rhetoric, the title has been abolished, and there are no thousands of officials in ancient times!
⑵ What are the characteristics of the two poems in commenting on Jia Sheng's artistic techniques? Please analyze it briefly.
(2006 Tongliao mock exam 12)
Analysis: The first two sentences of Li Shangyin's poems are written from the front. Jia Yi's talent is unparalleled. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty seemed to cherish talents, and specially recalled Jia Yi from his exile in Changsha to visit Xuan Shi. The words "seeking" and "visiting" seem to indicate the Chinese Emperor's desire for talents, and at the same time, they also set off Jia Yi's extraordinary talents. "Poor midnight is unprecedented", this sentence is a connecting link. Chatting with Jia Yi until midnight, Emperor Wendi seemed to cherish talents, which also set off "Jia Sheng's talents are even more incoherent". Then, with a turn of the pen, the next sentence was introduced: "Don't ask ordinary people to ask ghosts and gods." Conclusion The comparison between "don't ask" and "ask", "ordinary people" and "ghosts and gods" shows that Wendi is not concerned about the national economy and people's livelihood, but asks Jia Yi for the way to govern the country and the people, but asks him for some unreasonable things about ghosts and gods, from "Yang" to "Suppression", which shows that Wendi's fatuity is different from Jia Yi's.
Look at Jia Sheng by Wang Anshi again. This poem is also a tribute to Jia Yi. The first two sentences of the poem are "a moment's reflection and a little implementation. Who says Wang Bo Jia Sheng?" It is a rhetorical sentence, which means that Jia Yi's "consultation" is generally feasible. Who can say that Wendi despises Jia Yi? The last two sentences, "Abolish the title from the high word, there is no official in ancient times!" Since ancient times, I don't know how many dignitaries have been abandoned by the king despite their high positions. The implication is that Jia Yi is luckier than those dignitaries. This poem uses two rhetorical questions and answers them with rhetorical questions. Comparing Jia Yi's "strategy of peace negotiation" with that of powerful people, Wendi adopted Jia Yi's "strategy of peace negotiation". In ancient times, the king abandoned the speeches of many prominent dignitaries, which showed Jia Yi's superior talent and Wendi's love for talents.
The answer is as follows: Although Jia Sheng, a poem with the same title by Li Shangyin and Wang Anshi, is a tribute to Jia Yi, their respective emphases and brushwork are different, mainly because the two poets have different ideas. They express their unique views on the same person according to their own ideas. The former wants to suppress and promote first, satirizes the present with the ancient, and the writing is sharp and implicit, while the latter is clear in praise and criticism and strong in contrast.
Third, the virtual and the real see each other and complement each other.
The so-called virtual reality refers to the author's fake writing, which is only written in a virtual place, so that readers can get rid of their thoughts from the virtual image and feel and capture the hidden things in the poem. This technique in poetry reveals truth and reality, interweaves truth and reality, and strives to make readers soar in the blank and enrich their understanding of the beauty of art. Because of this, college entrance examination proposition experts often question here.
For example: 3. Read the following poems and related materials and complete the question 14- 16.
Wang Lushan Waterfall Li Bai
The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.
On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.
Xu Ning of Lushan Waterfall
Vanity falls into the spring, and thunder rushes into the river.
The ages are like flying white, and the world is broken.
Su Shi's Dongpo Zhi Lin? 6? 1 Travel to Lushan Mountain: "When I first entered Lushan Mountain, the valley was wonderful. ..... One day, I saw the sender holding Chen Lingju's "Lu Shan Lu Lu", read it, and saw Yun Yun and Li Bai's poems. ..... When entering Kaiyuan Temple, the great monk asked for poems, because he made a unique cloud:' The Emperor sent the Milky Way to hang down, so there were peerless poems in ancient times. I don't want to wash poems with Xu Ning. " "
16. Do you agree with Su Shi's evaluation of Li and Xu's poems? Please talk about your own views with the works.
(2005 Shanghai College Entrance Examination 16)
Analysis: This question re-examines Li Bai's poems and songs through the comparative analysis and reading of two poems. The first three sentences of Li Bai's poems describe what he saw in front of him, and they are all real words. In the fourth sentence, comparing the Milky Way to Lushan Waterfall is an imagination, just a way of writing imagination. It is this kind of empty writing that inspired the whole article and made the whole image colorful and magnificent. It not only left a deep impression on people, but also gave people room for imagination, which showed the artistic style of Li Bai's "Wan Li's fall was particularly strong at the end". So, the answer can be: yes. Li's poems are magnificent, imaginative and creative, leaving readers room for aftertaste.
Fourth, the clouds are light and the wind is light, highlighting the characteristics.
The so-called "clouds over the bright moon" is actually a foil or foil. In order to highlight one thing, other things are often used as a foil. It can enhance the artistic image, highlight the characteristics of things, strengthen thoughts and feelings, prioritize, and make beautiful things more beautiful and ugly things more ugly. Generally, it is divided into positive lining and negative lining. This also makes the college entrance examination proposition very concerned.
Please read the following words and then answer the questions.
Quail day
Japan [1] as a gift.
(Yuan)
Last year, I came home today, and this year I face the other side of the world. There is nothing to worry about in spring, and the autumn frost on the temples is fine and gorgeous. When the mountain meets the water, the water is bright. The forest is full of residual photos. When to clean up the countryside, the children's group stayed up all night for tea.
Note: [1] wife's birthday.
⑵ What are the characteristics of the expression skills of the sentence "The old crow sees in the forest"? Please analyze it a little.
(2006 Jiangsu College Entrance Examination 10 Question)
Analysis: From the whole word, the four sentences in the first film are narrative, and the scenery on the journey is slightly stained after the film, so there is a wonderful turning point. The mountains and rivers intersect, the afterglow becomes bright, and the sunset burns the forest red ... However, in the afterglow backlight, there is a little bit of "returning to the crow"! It can be seen that no matter how charming the scenery is, it will also become an expander of homesickness complex in the eyes of wanderers. The crow says "return", and the word "return" is interesting. Crows can "return", but people can't "return". It turns out that people are not as good as crows Isn't it pathetic? This "contrast method" between things and people shows people's homesickness. Also contrary to the above-mentioned "mountains meet water, water is bright", * * * created a period of depression and depression of "talking about hope and eliminating worries, being surprised and worrying more". This can be answered in this way: here, the contrast between crows returning to their nests and people not returning is the application of contrast.
Fifth, first suppress and then promote, first suppress and then promote.
Suppression is a kind of saying negative things and positive things at the same time, so as to suppress one and promote the other, and highlight one of them. Generally speaking, there are two ways: first promote and then suppress, first suppress and then promote. They all have the ability to gain momentum first, thus creating a gap and an impact force. For example, the higher the eagle flies, the faster and more powerful its dive will be. It is precisely because this technique forms the ups and downs of language potential that it is often concerned by proposers.
Please read the following poem and then answer this question.
Jiasheng
Li shangyin
The propaganda room invited the sages to meet the ministers, and Jia was even more incoherent.
Before midnight, people in Mo Wen asked about ghosts and gods.
(2006 Chifeng Monthly Examination 13 Question)
13。 It is a skill to analyze the emotional expression of this poem in combination with poetry.
Analysis: "Those who seek sages in the propaganda room visit ministers, and Jia Sheng's talents are even more incoherent." The front picture is written purely from the front, without derogatory meaning. The first sentence is marked with "seeking" and "visiting" (consulting), which seems to warmly praise Wendy's eagerness and sincerity, sincerity and modesty towards the sage, and the so-called thirst for the sage and open mind. The second sentence is Wen Di's praise for Jia Yi. These two sentences are praised by "seeking" and "visiting", and they are progressive step by step, which shows that Emperor Wen valued Jia Sheng. This is "Yang". The third sentence is the pivot of the whole poem. Cheng, the so-called "sitting at the table at midnight", vividly depicts the scene of Emperor Wen asking for advice and listening with an open mind and "sitting at his knees", making Historical Records a vivid and touching picture full of life. The last sentence is well-written, closely linked to "pity" and "emptiness", and shoots an arrow to the point-don't ask the people, ask ghosts and gods. Seriously seeking sages, asking for advice with an open mind, and even "sitting in the front seat at midnight" are not for seeking the way to govern the country and the people, but for asking the true questions of ghosts and gods! What kind of quest is this for saints, and what does it mean to saints? The poet still only talks about it-by comparing "ask" with "don't ask", let the readers draw their own conclusions. The speech is extremely sharp, the irony is extremely spicy, the feelings are extremely profound, but it is extremely restrained. The whole poem contains artistic dialectics in the artistic treatment of positive and negative, positive and negative, light and heavy, hidden and obvious, and inheritance. Through this series of successful artistic treatment of positive and negative, its artistic style of new warning and sigh is gradually revealed. Thoughts and feelings: the evaluation of the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude are often considered from the following two aspects: 1. Pay attention to several breakthrough points: 1. Look at the author's long-term ideological tendency, political proposition and ambition pursuit due to the different times and life experiences. For example, Qu Yuan's patriotic feelings, Tao Yuanming's idyllic complacency, Li Bai's unremitting self-improvement, Du Fu's concern for the country and the people, Su Shi's broad-minded view, Xin Qiji's helplessness in serving the country and so on. Knowing this is very helpful to evaluate the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude. 2. Looking at the social reality of each era will always leave a deep impression on literary works. It is very important to pay attention to the external appearance of this society when appreciating poetry. For example, in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, two kinds of frontier poems were a kind of heroism that "a centurion is not as good as a scholar", but in the Southern Song Dynasty, they were a kind of "Where can I dream of closing the river?" Dust blackened the old mink. 3. Look at the notes. Many people who make poetry propositions have made some notes to remind candidates, which is very important for appreciating poetry. First, the works of some poets in different periods show different ideological contents; Second, different environments have different feelings, and the tips in the notes help candidates understand poetry. For example, Song's "Crossing the Han River" and "Now I'm near my village, I'm afraid to ask everyone" are difficult for most people to understand. After learning that Song was demoted to Longzhou because of his guilt, he fled the relegated place the next year and crossed the Han River near Xiangfan to write this poem. This kind of mental pain became more appropriate and full of emotion. 4. There are often many words that directly express emotional content in ancient poetry, and mastering these words is particularly important for appreciating poetry. Meng Haoran's "Sleeping at Jiande": "My boat docked in the fog, and at dusk, memories of the old days began." A word "worry" tells the author's main thoughts and feelings. "Oh, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They will never be seen with an honest face." Li Bai. It is also a key to understand the whole poem. 5. Image poetry speaks with images, and the description of scenery cannot be separated from images. Starting with common images, we can also accurately grasp the theme of poetry. 6. Looking at allusions Ancient people often use allusions to express their thoughts in twists and turns. Understanding these allusions is particularly helpful to understand the ideological content of poetry. Wang Anshi's Collection of Hometown vividly shows the sadness of homesickness with Du Mu's "Han Qinhu is outside the door, Zhang Lihua is on the roof" and "The merchant girl doesn't know how to hate the country, but she still sings that the flowers in the backyard are across the river". Second, the common thoughts and feelings in poetry 1, when worrying about the country and the people: exposing the fatuity and decay of the rulers, such as Du Mu's "Crossing the Qing Palace" (Chang' an looks back at the embroidered pile, and the top of the mountain opens every time. Riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing, no one knows it is litchi) reflects the pain of leaving chaos, such as Du Fu's "Spring Hope" (although a country is broken, mountains and rivers endure, and plants are green in spring). Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. In March, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold. Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin. ) Sympathize with the people's sufferings, such as "The Hut is Blown by the Autumn Wind", Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng", and worrying about the country and the people, such as Du Fu's "Climbing the Building" (flowers are as high as my window, hurting the wanderer's heart, because I see, looking from this height, it is sad everywhere). The spring scenery of Jinjiang flooded in, and the clouds on the mountain, ancient, varied and changeable. The imperial court, like the North Star, will not change in the end, and the Western Hills of Kohl will not invade Tibet. However, in the twilight, I felt sorry for the sorrow of a long-lost emperor. I sang the songs that his prime minister sang when he was not unfamiliar on the mountain. This is a poem sensitive to the times. The author wrote about going upstairs to see the boundless spring scenery, and he couldn't help but feel sad when he thought of the once-in-a-lifetime and changeable situation. Then I think the imperial court is as unshakable as the Arctic constellation. Even if Tubo invades, it is difficult to change people's orthodoxy. Finally, it reveals the ambition of imitating Zhuge Liang to assist the court, which is full of the spirit of clarifying the world. The whole poem is lyrical on the spot. 2, the desire to make contributions to the country, such as: Cao Cao's "Although the turtle lives long" (although the turtle lives long, there are still times. The snake rides the fog and eventually turns to dust. An old horse crouches, aiming at a thousand miles. The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. The year of surplus harvest is not only in the sky. Blessings that nourish grace can last forever. I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire. Lu You's "Anger" (When I was young, it was difficult to be a governor) was determined to defend my country as follows: Wang Changling's "Joining the Army" (There are dark snow mountains in Qinghai, and the lonely city overlooks Yumenguan. Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned. There is no way to serve the country, such as Xin Qiji's "Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia" and "Ugly Slave? 6? 1 teenagers don't know the taste of sorrow. The pain of falling mountains and rivers is like: Lu You's "Xiuer" (I knew everything was empty when I died, and I was sad when I didn't see Kyushu. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, so don't forget to tell Nai Weng about family sacrifices. ) Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Zero Ocean" (Once you encounter hard work, the war is sparse. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs. The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean. Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving a heart that shines through history. ) As time goes by, the sigh of ambition is hard to pay, such as: Su Shi's "Water Tune? " 6? 1 Red Cliff shows the belligerence of the rulers, such as Du Fu's Chedian, whose ideal is unclear, such as Qu Yuan's Shejiang, and his homesickness, such as Meng Haoran's Jiande Night Sleeping (when my boat berthed in the fog, the day gradually darkened and the memories of the old days began). The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon. ) Wen Tingyun's "Going to Good Morning" (I will levy in the morning and I will mourn my hometown. When a chicken crows at the Maodian Moon, people walk on the Banqiao Frost. Mistletoe leaves fall on the mountain road, and orange flowers are on the wall of the post. Because they remembered Ling Du's dream, the geese returned home full of food. Miss your relatives and friends, such as Wang Wei's "I miss my Shandong brother on vacation in the mountains" and Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi"? 6? 1 Ten years of homesickness in the life and death circles, such as: Fan Zhongyan's "The Fisherman's Pride" (the scenery in Qiu Lai is different, Hengyang geese go inadvertently. The four sides are connected with each other. Thousands of miles away, the long smoke closes. A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't come home yet. Guan Qiang frost is sleepless in the world, and the general is white-haired and in tears! Wang Changling's "Forever in My Heart" (Young women in boudoir don't know how to worry, and spring will make up a brothel. Suddenly I saw the green willows, and I felt uncomfortable; Oh, I regret that I shouldn't have asked my husband to find Hou Feng. ) Ouyang Xiu's "Walking on the Sand" (When the pavilion is destroyed, the creek bridge is thin and the grass is warm and swaying. Sadness is getting farther and farther away, and the distance is like spring water. Inch by inch, my heart is tender, my eyes are full of tears, and the height of the building is not close to the dangerous fence. Pingwu is full of spring mountains, and pedestrians are even outside. ) Li Bai's Midnight Wu Ge (a bright moon hangs high in the capital, and ten thousand washing hammers knock. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. Oh, when will the Tatar army be conquered and when will my husband come back from the long battle! ? ) 4. Miscellaneous feelings of life send mountains and rivers leisure, such as Wang Wei's "Autumn Night in the Mountain" and Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old People's Village". The feelings of the past ups and downs, such as Slow Yangzhou by Jiang Kui and Wuyi Xiang by Liu Yuxi, satirize the feelings of the present by using the past, such as Xin Qiji's Gubeiting in Jingkou, such as Li Qingzhao's fleeting youth. 6? 1 last night, the rain scattered and the wind suddenly, such as Bai Juyi's pipa, Su Shi's water regulation? 6? 1 When will there be a bright moon? Comfort the joy of life, such as Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, The Yellow River is Recovered by the Imperial Army, and Xin Qiji's Xijiang Moon (the bright moon surprises the magpie, and the breeze chirps at midnight. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance. In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge. Changting people bid farewell to reluctant souvenirs, such as Yulinling by Liu Yong and Weicheng Qu by Wang Wei. Affectionate encouragement, such as Wang Bo's "Send Du Shaofu to Ren Shuchuan" (across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, the five rivers become a river). We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions. After all, the world is just a small place. Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel. Tan Chen's new confession is as follows: Wang Changling's "Parting Xin Jian at Furong Inn" (seeing off guests in Chu Mountain in the cold rain at night. Friends, if my friends in Luoyang invite me; Just say I'm still Bing Xin Okho, and stick to my faith! This is a farewell poem. The conception of the poem is novel, which describes the parting feelings of friends and rewrites its own integrity. The first two sentences, the boundless river rain and the solitary hanging Chushan, set off the loneliness when bidding farewell; The last two sentences compare themselves to curling to express their open mind and strong character. The whole poem is full of emotion, scene blending, meaningful meaning and endless charm. Third, to appreciate all kinds of poems, we should master some macro appreciation essentials: 1, borrow scenery to express feelings, understand the artistic conception of scene blending in poems, understand the feelings expressed by poets when writing scenes, and grasp their writing skills and language characteristics; Expressing poetry by things means that the poet does not directly express his thoughts and feelings, but uses symbols, interests and other means to integrate his ideals and personality interests into a specific thing to achieve the purpose of expressing his will; Lyrics about scenery and poems about objects (including pastoral poems and recluse poems) often show the noble qualities of poets who are different from others and unwilling to go with the tide of the world, or express their sadness that they have no talent and can't serve the country, or express other complicated feelings of joy or sadness or worry, or express the magnificence of the mountains and rivers of the motherland and their infinite love for the great rivers and mountains. Others use scenery (things) to express their lofty aspirations and noble essence. 2. Cherish ancient poems by chanting history, and connect with the background to understand emotions (feeling the rise and fall, or pinning grief, or satirizing the present); Reciting ancient poems is mostly a tribute to ancient people or things. Or remember the sages, or admire the ancients, or express their desire to make contributions, or complain about their untimely birth, or lament the prosperity of the past and the decline of the present, or use the past to satirize the present. 3. The farewell poems for hurting spring are mostly used to express the feelings of fleeting youth and unfulfilled ambition, or to express the infinite thoughts of relatives, friends and lovers. 4. Landscape pastoral poetry is the poet's aesthetic object of landscape pastoral poetry, casting delicate brushstrokes into quiet Shan Ye and leisurely fields to create an idyllic life, thus expressing his dissatisfaction with reality and yearning for a quiet and peaceful life; 5. The poems of frontier fortress battle reflect the fighting spirit of frontier fortress soldiers who are brave in danger and defend their country, or describe the deep feelings of soldiers and their loved ones missing each other, or satirize and persuade the arrogant rulers; War poems either show the pride of defending the country and defending the country, or show the heroism of sacrificing one's life to kill the enemy, or show the heroism of soldiers in triumph, or show their disgust at war, expose the suffering brought by war to relatives, hometown and people, and accuse feudal rulers of the sin of waging war. Frontier poems describe the life of frontier troops, or show the cold living environment of frontier fortress, or show the magnificent frontier fortress scenery. 6. Send a farewell poem to a friend, and express the feelings of being inseparable or encouraging by rendering the bleak atmosphere when leaving through the scenery. Most farewell poems remind each other and praise each other. Or say goodbye or miss after saying goodbye. 7. Poems that will always be in my heart, writing about a boudoir woman complaining about her husband's long absence or missing her husband in the border; Poetry in the journey is the longing and yearning for the distant hometown caused by what the wandering poet saw and heard. Poems about homesickness, in my heart forever's poems and poems about exile travel focus on expressing the thoughts of relatives, or expressing the tenderness and sadness of women, or expressing the bitterness of wandering in a foreign land and the feelings of missing relatives at home. 8. Talking about Zen poetry means that the poet tells his epiphany or observation about something similar to Zen in his poems. Such poems often have an ethereal realm that is out of touch with human fireworks and so on. Fourth, the standard answer language when appreciating the feelings, content and theme of poetry. A. Theme: writing lyric poems (such as Wang Wei's "Autumn Night in the Mountain" and Du Fu's "Climbing the Yueyang Tower"); Poems that are lyrical about things (such as Jinse by Li Shangyin, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu and Liu Yong by He); Nostalgic poems (such as Su Shi's Nian Nu Jiao)? 6? 1 Chibi nostalgia, Xin Qiji, eternal joy? 6? 1 Jingkou Gubeiting nostalgia, Du Fu's book fragrance, Liu Yuxi's stone city); Poems about objects (such as Yu Meiren by Li Yu, Yulinling by Liu Yong, Pruning Plums by Li Qingzhao and Slow Yangzhou by Jiang Kui); Frontier poems (such as Wang Changling's Out of the Great Wall, Gao Shi's Ge Yanxing, and Bai Xuege's Farewell to Tian Shuji's Home). Sometimes you can say "pastoral poetry". Understand the common contents of classical poetry: parting from one's feelings, nostalgic for the past and hurting the present, homesickness and nostalgia, personal feelings about mountains and rivers, singing about history and things, expressing feelings with allegory, hating autumn worries in spring, life opportunities, interest in Shan Ye when born, and temple's ambition for the world. B. Ideological evaluation: express the thoughts and feelings of …, reflect the social reality of …, and express the feelings of … (such as love, sadness, melancholy, depression, etc.). ) Express the pursuit of …, show feelings for …, reveal feelings for …, and create emotional thinking about …-worry. The bitterness of finding a husband and thinking of a woman, the loneliness of not meeting talents, the resentment of serving the country without a door, the heroism of making contributions, the calmness of freedom and leisure, the love of beautiful mountains and rivers, the sincerity of family friendship, the joy of returning to seclusion, the bitterness of dark officialdom, the feeling of parting and missing, the hatred of demotion and exile, and the feeling that time flies. C. Try to figure out the thoughts and feelings expressed in poetry: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, calmness, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, concern for the country and the people, contempt for dignitaries, lack of talent, lofty aspirations, seclusion in the countryside, regret for the Spring and Autumn Period, and homesickness. Emotion-loneliness (feeling sad, wanting to talk, feeling sad and cold, feeling sad and lost, unable to serve the country, everything is changing), detachment (expressing feelings for mountains and rivers, longing for peace), boldness (expressing feelings for history and scenes), elegance (being alone in the boudoir, missing my lover, crying on the balcony, feeling sorry for the moon), homesickness. Pleasure, joy; Depression and sadness; Lonely and sad; Pessimism, loss and sadness; Passionate and unrestrained; Optimism, open-mindedness, admiration and anger; Calm, leisurely, etc.